
I^M^ 



(d 



Co]pght'N?_ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



CHICAGO, PUBLIC SCHOOLS 



U 



3JJ_ 

Manual of Exercises in Physical Education f 

LIGHT gymnastics 

I 

FOR 

Elementary Schools 



By 

HENRY SUDER 

Supervisor of Physical Education 



ELLA FLAGG YOUNG 

Superintendent of Schools 



January, 1912 



A 






Copyright 1911 

By the Board of Education 

of the City of Chicago 



©CI.A303662 

••JO. t 



The exercises in this manual have been prepared for the various 
grades in accordance with the Course of Study. 

The directors of Physical Education in the Teachers' College, 
Miss Bruce and Miss Trilling, as well as their predecessors, Miss 
EUingwood and Miss ISTorthcott ; and some of the teachers of Physical 
Education in the elementary schools, viz., Mrs. Elizabeth A. Bossi, 
and Misses Claire C. Lund, Eda H. McCollister,. and Leonore Suder, 
have rendered valuable assistance in arranging the exercises. Thanks 
are due them for their kind co-operation. 

Henky Suder, 
Supervisor' of Physical Education. 
Ella Elagg Young, 
Superintendent of Schools. 



Physical Education trains to attention and 
obedience, — the foundation of citizenship. 

PHYSICAL EDUCATION. 



BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH. 



At no time and in no country has so much attention been given 
to physical education as in ancient Greece. 

Not only did the Greeks aim thereby to attain strength, health 
and vitality, but their desire also was to develop a mentally healthy, 
beautiful, well-proportioned people ; the best citizen for the country in 
time of peace and the best soldier in time of war. The high esteem 
in which bodily exercises were held in old Hellas is shown by the 
festivals which were held at regular intervals throughout the coimtry, 
in which physical exercises were given the most prominent part. The 
best known of these festivals were held near the city of Olympia, viz. : 
the Olympian games. The principal events consisted of running, 
jumping, throwing the discus, throwing the spear and wrestling. 
These five events constituted what is known as the Pentathlon. The 
order and prominence given each is not known, but it is believed that 
wrestling was the last. Great honors were bestowed upon the vic- 
torious youth; his name was proclaimed throughout the country and 
monuments were often erected to him in his native city. The excel- 
lent results obtained by the careful training of the Grecian youth may 
be estimated by the record of phaylos, of iKroton, a Grecia colony, 
who executed a jump (probably a hop, step and jump) of 55 feet, at 
one of the festivals, an olympiade, and of another gymnast whose rec- 
ord was 52 feet, while the best hop, step and jump of modern times 
is 47 feet 7 inches, which was attained by a professional gymnast in 
England. 

The Romans of old rank far behind the Grecians in physical 
training. They never placed so high an educational value upon gym- 
nastics as the Greeks did. Of greatest importance to the Romans 
was the training of capable soldiers. Public games were arranged in 



Eome and were greatly enjoj^ed by the people, but the flower of the 
nation did not take part in them, as in Greece. The participants 
were athletes or gladiators, drilled for their profession. 

In the medicBval age, we find much activity in regard to physical 
training, but mostly limited to the sons of the nobility. Their educa- 
tion consisted of riding, exercising on a wooden horse (the wooden 
horse is perhaps the oldest gymnastic apparatus), fencing, wrestling, 
dancing and swimming; besides these, singing and oratory were also 
cultivated. Among the country people, many kinds of exercises and 
games were in vogue. In the cities fencing societies existed, and 
buildings were erected for the purpose of practicing ball games. 

Toward the close of the middle ages, the importance of systematic 
bodily training was forced into the background by degrees, and after 
the downfall of knighthood very little or nothing was done to main- 
tain so important a part of the people's education. 

GERMAN GYMNASTICS. 

During the time of the Reformation, prominent men of many of 
the European countries began to take interest in physical training. 
They tried by every means in their power to make it part of the child's 
education, bu^t it seems, did not succeed in making it popular. This, 
however, was achieved by the philanthropist, Johann Bernhard Base- 
dow (1724-1794). 

Called to the head of the educational institution at Dessau, he 
introduced physical development in a manner that attracted the atten- 
tion of the educators of his time. In 1784 Salzmann, one of Base- 
dow's assistants, established the famous school of Schnepfenthal, near 
(xotha, where physical exercises were conducted in accordance with the 
Dessau system, and one of Salzmann's assistants, the celebrated Gruths 
Muths, after seven years' experience and study of the subject, published 
his now famous book, ^'^Guths Muths' Gymnastic fuer die Jugend." 
This book was the first German manual of gymnastics, and found 
recognition in many foreign countries. 

A few years later the same author published another work, which 
treated of games for the youth of his country and made them a part 
of the educational scheme. 

Wliile Guths Muths and his predecessors originated and estab- 
lished educational gymnastics in Germany, F. L. Jahn (1778-1852) 
succeeded in making them so popular that he is now looked upon as the 
founder of German Gymnastics. 



Jahn's aim was the education of a strong and healthy race, 
which would be able to successfully repel the invaders of his father- 
land, Prussia. In 1811 he erected the first piiblic gj^mnasium in the 
Hasenheide, near Berlin. His gymnastics consisted mostly of exer- 
cises on apparatus, running, jumping, climbing and vigorous games. 
A few years later^ when the war of liberation broke out, he and almost 
all of his matured pupils joined the ranks against the enemy. 

The German system was reformed by x\dolph Spiess (1810-1858), 
and extended so as to include training for girls. 

As teacher and author he aided much in introducing physical 
training into the schools of Switzerland and Geruiany. His exercises 
on apparatus, light gymnastics and tactics were frequently accom- 
panied with instrumental and vocal music. 

Until 1843 it was left to societies, private institutions or com- 
miinities to work for the extension of physical training, but in that 
year it was made obligatory, by order of the government. And to-day 
there is no elementary, high or even commercial school in Germany in 
which less than two, three or more hours weekly, are devoted to physi- 
cal training. 

SWEDISH GYMNASTICS. 

The founder of Swedish Gymnastics, P. H. Ling (1776-1839), 
received his first inspiration from Kachtegall, who had charge of a 
gymnastic institution in Copenhagen, Denmark. Nachtegall was said 
to be a pupil of Guths Muths ; it is at least assumed that he was famil- 
iar with his writings. P. H. Ling, having returned to Sweden, 
worked with enthusiasm to popularize a system in which the move- 
ment treatment took an important place; and after many difficulties 
he succeeded in gaming recognition. In Lund he was appointed uni- 
versity fencing master ; later on he received the position of teacher of 
gymnastics at the Royal Military Academy in Carlberg, and shortly 
thereafter he became director of the Central Institute of Gymnastics 
in Stockholm. The Swedish or Ling system consists in the main of 
free gymnastics, (exercises by command). Hand apparatus, such as 
wands, dumb-bells, Indian clubs, etc., as well as rhythmical movements 
with musical accompaniment, are not included. 

In Italy, France, England, etc., efforts were made centuries 
ago, by celebrated physicians and pedagogues, to combine mental 
and bodily education. The efforts to introduce it into the schools 
of their respective countries failed. In the latter part of the last 



century Neumann^ a Swiss by birth, succeeded in making gymnastics 
a part of the Italian school system. In France much attention was 
paid to physical training after the Franco-German war, at first by 
military drill, and now by methods resembling the German. 

The youth of England favored athletic sports and games to a 
great extent, but at present more attention is given to school gym- 
nastics. In all these countries the exercises are based on either the 
German or Swedish system. 

GYMNASTICS IN AMEEIOA. 

In the beginning of the nineteenth century American educators 
began to take an interest in physical training. In 1823 gymnastics 
were introduced into the Eound Hill School, Northampton, Mass., and 
in 1825 into the New York High School. Harvard College equipped 
the first college gymnasium in this coimtry. The instructors of these 
institutions, Dr. Carl Beck, Dr. Carl FoUen and Dr. Francis Lieber, 
were pupils of F. I.. Jahn, and the exercises were conducted according 
to Jahn's method. A position in Cambridge was oft'ered to Jahn, but 
although this was a great personal distinction, he would not leave his 
fatherland. In many other colleges physical training was made part 
of the curriculum, but in none of them did great results seem to be 
obtained. The revolution of 1848 caused many educated Germans to 
emigrate to this country, where they organized the Turnvereine 
(gymnastic societies), which soon rose to prominence, both in the 
east and the west. The Civil War retarded the prosperity of these 
societies, as nearly all their members joined the Union army to do 
battle for the preservation of their adopted fatherland. After the war, 
attempts were made in some cities to introduce physical training into 
the public schools, but they remained attempts, and it is only since 
1885 that physical education has forced its way. 

In November of the year 1885 a teacher was appointed in Chicago, 
to take charge of physical education in the grammar grades of ele- 
mentary schools. Pour years later it was extended to the primary 
grades as well as to high schools. In 1890 the first gymnasium was 
erected on the grounds of the Northwest Division High School, 
now called the Tuley High School, and since then a gymnasium has 
been provided for every high school building, and for the past few 
years for elementary school buildings also. Other cities followed 
Chicago's example, viz., Cincinnati, New York, St. Louis, Cleveland, 



Milwaukee, etc., whose schools are equipped with gymnastic apparatus 
wherever possible, and a gymnasium is attached to every new school 
building erected. 

Although the educational value of gymnastics- is not yet thor- 
oughly recognized in this country, the progress in that direction is 
everywhere noticeable. 

In the celebrated academies of West Point and Annapolis much 
attention is now given to the physical training of the cadets, and the 
government equips gymnasiums in most of the military posts of the 
country. The exercises in these institutes are based upon the German 
system. A full history of this subject is contained in the excellent 
report to the United States Bureau of Education on "Physical Train- 
ing," by Dr. Edward Mussey Hartwell. 

EXPLANATION". 

Physical Education is divided into different departments, most 
of which have been introduced into our public schools. They consist 
of light gymnastics, gymnastics on apparatus, and recreative gym- 
nastics. Light gymnastics consist of calisthenics, without and with 
hand apparatus; rhythmical steps; and tactics. Gymnastics on ap- 
paratus includes exercises on suspended and fixed apparatus, and so- 
called "popular gymnastics," (field sports). Eecreative gymnastics 
includes all kinds of games. 

Each lesson contains head, arm, trunk and leg exercises. It be- 
gins with preparatory, and ends with closing exercises. The pre- 
paratory exercises are exercises by command. The general exercises 
are movements executed by counting. The closing exercises, if 
breathing or desk exercises, are conducted by command, and must be 
executed slowly. 

All preparatory exercises are exercises by command. All exer- 
cises by counting or beating are rythmical exercises. Exercises accom- 
panied with instrumental or vocal music are always hailed with de- 
light by the pupil?, but only such as are well comprehended and well 
executed should be practiced. Tlie exercises indicated in this manual 
may be adopted for this purpose. In exercises with vocal music all 
vigorous movements such as thrusting, striking, swinging of arms, 
etc., also head and trunk exercises must be avoided. 

If such exercises are to be accompanied by a song, one division 
may practice the exercises while the other sings. For that purpose 



10 

the teacher may divide the class into two divisions. The teacher may 
select the exercises and also the song with which the exercises are to 
be accompanied. Light and graceful arm movements combined with 
movements of the feet practiced with a song in 2/4 or 4/4 time best 
answer our piirpose. 

The lessons in physical education may be given in the classroom, 
corridor, assembly hall, gymnasium, or on the play ground. If they 
consist of light gymnastics, the pupils arise from their seats and 
practice in the aisle (exercises in standing), or they march around 
the room and practice exercises (exercises while walking). In stand- 
ing along the wall, in front or flank rank, some exercises may also be 
practiced, but on account of lack of space they are very limited. Some 
arm, head and trunk movements may also be practiced in sitting posi- 
tion, but as, during a lesson, all parts of the body have to be brought 
into action, and as there is no space to move the lower limbs, such 
exercises should be practiced only occasionally. 

Seats and desks may be used to a certain extent as gymnastic 
apparatus, and a few exercises at them will be indicated in this manual. 

The lessons contain exercises which will bring the principal mus- 
cles of the body successively into action. 

Exercises while walking may be practiced frequently, especially 
in the lower grades, but as the space in many classrooms is very lim- 
ited, such exercises would be much more beneficial to our pupils, if 
they were conducted in the corridors, gymnasium, or on the play 
ground. Arm movements, such as thrusting, cutting, striking, swing- 
ing, etc., must be executed in a marked and exact manner, while head 
and trunk exercises and also graceful movements such as winding, 
greeting, raising the arm to circle must be practiced slowly. 

RULES. 

To attain the best results in physical exercises the following rules 
should be observed. 

1. Devote the time allotted by the course of study to physical 
exercises. 

2. Ventilate the room before exercises. 

3. The teacher may select the most appropriate time. If it is 
thought necessary to exercise during the morning and afternoon ses- 
sions, the time devoted to physical training may be divided accord- 
ingly. 



11 

4. It will be necessary to arrange the class in such a manner that 
the smaller pupils will be in front and the larger in the rear, so that 
the teacher can overlook the class more easily. 

5. Impress upon the pupils, especially the girls in the higher 
grades, the necessity of wearing loose garments. Gymnasium suits 
and slippers should always be worn when exercising in the gymnasium, 
especially in apparatus work. 

6. Teachers should see that all parts of the body are brought 
into action during the lesson, but should be careful that no part is 
over-taxed. 

7. Breathing exercises ought to be practiced every day, but for 
these as well as for all physical exercises, pure air is absolutely 
necessary. 

8. Every teacher ought to memorize the exercises before con- 
ducting them, otherwise time is wasted and the lessons become tire- 
some to the pupils. 

9. All new exercises should be shown by the teacher, but after 
the pupils fully comprehend an exercise it is not necessary to illustrate 
further, occasional corrections excepted. The pupils will then begin 
at the command of the teacher. Begin every lesson with a few prepar- 
atory movements, even should none be indicated ; increase the exercises 
in rapidity, and close the lesson with slower movements and breathing 
exercises. 

COMMANDS. 

A proper execution of the exercises depends to a great extent 
upon a good command. 

Explain every exercise in a short and precise manner. 

1. Every command is divided into two parts, the command of 
explanation and the command of execution. 

2. Between the command of explanation and that of execution a 
pause sufficient to allow the pupils time to think must be allowed. 

3. The command of explanation is pronounced slowly and dis- 
tinctly; that of execution decisively and sharply. 

4. In order to get the attention of the class, the command "At- 
tention !" may be used. 

The command "Begin" is the command of execution. Do not 
make the pupils wait for the counts or beats, as counts or beats are 
only used to indicate the rhythm. 

The command "Halt" finishes the exercise. 



12 



METHODS. 



There are different methods of teaching the exercises: By com- 
mand; by counting; iy command and counting comhined; and id 
successive order. 

By Command. 

The teacher gives the command to move a part, or parts, of the 
body to a certain position, and the pupil remains so until the com- 
mand to change the position is given. Example: Arms forward in 
position — raise ! Hands on shoulders — place ! Trunk forward — 
lower!, etc., are exercises by command. If two or more exercises, 
simple or compound are to be executed in succession after the same 
command of execution, the command that is given with the first posi- 
tion is used as the command of execution. For example : Eaise arms 
forward, move sideward and hands on shoulders — -raise ! Straighten 
arms forward and lunge backward — straighten ! Place hands on hips, 
lower trunk forward, and change position of knees — place i At the 
command "raise," raise arms forward and immediately move arms 
sideward and place hands on shoulders. 

By Counting (Rhythmical Exercises). 
After stating the exercise the teacher gives the command : Begin ! 
and counts or beats time, 1, 2 or 1, 2, 3, 4, and the pupils begin to 
exercise and continue until the command, Halt! is given. Then the 
next exercise is explained and practiced. 

By Command and Counting Comhined. 

While the pupils practice an exercise hy counting the teacher dic- 
tates a new movement (still beating time), and with the command, 
One — Begin ! the new exercise is taken up. Accent "One," and in- 
stead of saying "Two" say "Begin." 

In Successive Order. 

The teacher gives a number of exercises, which are to be prac- 
ticed in successive order, and also a number of counts for each move- 
ment (generally 8 or 16 counts). The pupils then count for them- 
selves and they exercise in the order named (the teacher beating 
time). This method of exercising is generally used in practicing 
with music. 

As only a limited period daily is appropriated to physical educa- 



13 

tion, the last two methods should be used frequently, because time will 
be gained and the pupils profit by more exercise. 

To vary the command, the teacher may count a given exercise 
slowly in the beginning, increase in rapidity, and at the end count 
or beat slowly again. 

This variation is frequently used to keep the children's attention 
and to make the lesson a little more interesting to them. 

The formation of the class may also be changed frequently. 
For instance : Divide the class into two divisions. One division 
executes one-quarter turn to the left, the other division one-quarter 
turn to the right. The two divisions face each other; then the exer- 
cises begin. 

The time in which the pupils execute the exercise may vary. 
Example; in 4 counts: At 1, raise arms forward; at 2, remain in 
position; at 3, lower arms; at 4, remain in position. Example; in 
16 counts: Else on toes and remain 1-2-3-4 counts; place hands on 
desks and bend knees, and remain 4 counts; straighten knees to the 
first position, and remain 4 counts ; lower heels and remain 4 counts. 
Besides the alternate exercises in four counts, exercises which require 
the same number of counts but are not alternate may be practiced; 
for instance, — Raise arms forward, move sideward, move forward and 
return, etc. The same exercises may be practiced in 8 counts, in which 
case two counts for each movement have to be allowed. Or they may 
be practiced in 16 counts, when each movement will be executed at the 
first of each 4 counts. 

EXEECISES. 

The teacher should make it a rule, especially in the first school 
months, not to teach more than one lesson weekly; later on he may 
give one lesson and review some of the former lessons. The lessons 
are arranged in such a manner that the principal muscles are brought 
into action. If the teacher divides the time given to physical train- 
ing by using half of the time during the morning session and half in 
the afternoon, it will probably be impossible to conduct all the exer- 
cises indicated in either lesson at one time. In that case he may select 
such exercises from the lesson as best answer his purpose. The teacher 
should not conduct arm exercises only in the forenoon and trunk or 
foot exercises in the afternoon, but all parts of the body should be 
brought into action during a lesson. 



14 

Positions. 

The erect position in the seat and the fundamental position in 
the aisle are the first starting positions, as from these all exercising 
begins. 

From the fundamental position we raise, or swing the arms, we 
bend or turn the trunk or head, or we move arms, legs, etc., into 
different positions, as arms to thrust, to strike, hands on hips or 
shoulders, etc. Or we place the leg in step position, as forward, 
sideward, backward, etc. Special care should be given to the erect 
position in sitting and standing, especially in the first four grades. 
Neglect of this often results in curvature of the spinal column and 
an unduly prominent shoulder and hip. Stooping forward when 
reading, writing or drawing, inclining the head or trunk to one side 
when reciting, habitually supporting the main weight of the upper 
body upon one and the same leg, as well as carrying school books in 
one-sided fashion; — these are the main caiises of contortion of the 
spine. 

In conclusion I quote from Dr. F. A. Schmidt's valuable work, 
"Our Body," as follows: 

"A good carriage is>a prerequisite to the proper healthful develop 
ment of certain parts of the body, notably the chest. The correction 
of a faulty carriage becomes imperative, therefore, not only upon the 
ground of developing a physically beautiful form, but because it serves 
to check and prevent the attendant evils of a morbid predisposition, 
and consequently, the decay of vital organs." 

EEMARKS ON PRINCIPAL POSITIONS AND EXERCISES. 

ERECT POSITION IN SEAT. 



The sitting position must be erect, the hands on the desk and 
apart at shoulder-width, thumbs beneath edge of desk, head up and 
chin drawn in, shoulders back without touching the back of the seat, 
feet on the floor, heels together. 



FUNDAMENTAL POSITION. 



The heels joined, toes turned outward, knees straight and closed, 
chest raised, arms down at the sides (slightly curved), head up, chin 
drawn in. 



15 

RESTING POSITION. 

An}^ convenient position in which the muscles are relaxed may 
be called a resting position, and after the pupils have practiced a 
number of exercises the teacher may give the command to rest; but 
this command ought not to be given too often, as, in the brief time 
appropriated to physical training in our schools, the children's strength 
will hardly be overtaxed if arm, trunk and leg exercises are suffi- 
ciently varied; however, it may be necessary to rest when the teacher 
explains or shows a new exercise. 

At the command, In place — rest ! move into the following posi- 
tion: Clasp hands backward and place right (left) foot backward. 
Care should be taken that the position of the feet is changed fre- 
quently, thus avoiding the habit of resting too much on the same leg, 
for this may become the cause of a deformed spinal column. 

Another resting position is as follows: Clasp hands belund the 
body, and place both feet sideways apart, resting equally on both feet. 

CHANGING OF POSITION. 

Changing of position means to move alternate limbs from one 
given position into another. For example : Place left hand on 
shoulder and right hand on hip. At command, "Position — change !" 
the left hand is placed on hip and the right hand on shoulder. Or, 
left foot forward in position — place ! At the command, "Position — 
change !" the left foot is returned and the right foot is placed for- 
ward, etc. Changing of positions is generally done by command. If 
it is a rhythmical exercise, it is called exercising alternately in two 
counts. At 1 take first position; at 2 change position. 

EXERCISES BY COMMAND. 

The exercises by command at the head of each lesson give a brief 
outline of the main exercise the lesson contains. These exercises 
ought not to be omitted. Practice all main exercises first by com- 
mand, even where this is not indicated. It is much easier for pupils 
to practice the exorcises in rhythmical time after having practiced 
them by command. 

CLOSING AND BREATHING EXERCISES. 

At the end of each lesson, there are closing and breathing exer- 
cises. Practice these only by command a few times, but execute very 
slowly. Breathing exercises have a tendency toward quieting the 
system; therefore it is advisable to conclude every lesson in physical 



16 

training with same, even if the program does not call for any. Where 
arm exercises are indicated with breathing exercises, practice such 
very slowly and gracefully. Inhale and exhale through nostrils. 

COMPOUND EXERCISES IN TWO COUNTS. 

Exercises executed by any one part of the body or by both arms 
or lower limbs, or trunk, are called "Simple Exercises." Such move- 
ments as are executed by two or more different parts of the body 
simultaneously are called "Compound Exercises." Example: Eaise 
arms forward and rise on toes; fold arms forward and bend knees; 
lower trunk forward and fold arms baclcward, etc. The conjunction 
"and^^ denotes that the exercise is a compound exercise. 

DESK EXERCISES. 

In Sitting Position. 

1. Slide to the left (right). 

Remark: — Place both hands at sides of desk, slide to the left 
(right) until the right (left) arm is straight. Carry the body 
erect while sliding, 

2. Bend trunk sideward left (right). 

Remark: — ^Place both hands at sides of desk; bend trunk to the 
left (right) until the right (left) arm is straight. 

3. Turn and bend trunk backward. 

Remark: — Place both hands at one side of desk; turn and bend 
trunk to opposite side, both arms straight. 

FACING EXERCISES. 

1. Half left (right)— Face! (i/g turn left or right.) Front- 
face! 

2. Left (right) — Face (i/4 turn left or right.)— Front — face! 

3. Left (right) about — Face! (% turn left or right.) Front — 

face ! 

Remark: — Facing left is executed by turning on the heel of left 
foot and toes of right foot, which is raised and knee slightly 
bent; at 2, place right foot aside of left, and vice versa. 

MARCHING EXERCISES. 

Alarching can be done either in or from place. We march for- 
ward, sideward or backward with foUow-step, regular or quick steps. 
The carriage of the body, while marching, should always be faultless. 
1. Mark time — March ! 

Remark: — Mark time means to march in place, that is, to raise 
the left and right foot forward alternately in two counts; the 
toes with each step point downward. Always begin with the left 
foot. After the command "Halt! " which is usually given at the 



17 

right foot, execute one step more with the left, and close with 
the right. 

2. One step forward left (right). 

Remark: — Marching in any direction is commenced with the left 
foot, if not otherwise indicated. By stepping with the left foot, 
the weight of the body is transferred to the left foot, and vice 
versa. At 1 place left foot forward (backward), at 2 right foot 
follows, and is placed aside of left foot. 

3. Two steps forward. 

Remaek: — At 1 place left foot forward, at 2 right foot forward, 
and at 3 place left foot aside of right. 

4. Four steps forward (backward). 

Remark: — ^Tour steps forward and backward are executed in four 
counts, as the fourth step is the closing step. 

5. Follow-step sideward left and right. 

Remark: — In all follow-steps, place the ball of foot on floor first. 

6. Sideward left (right) with crossing right (left) foot forward 
or backward. 

Remark: — At 1 left foot is placed sideward left, at 2 right foot is 
crossed in front or rear of left. Or at 1 right foot is crossed in 
front or rear of left, and at 2 left foot is placed sideward. 

7. Three steps forward and one-half turn left. 

Remark: — At 1 step forward with the left foot; at 2 step forward 
with the right foot; at 3 step forward with left again; and at 4 
turn one-half turn on left foot and place right foot aside of left. 
Then repeat exercise. 

MAECHING EXERCISES IN" THE CLASSROOM. 
DRILL I. 

Commands. 



r~r r r r r\ 



1. Mark time — March ! ^ 

2. Close distance forward — 
March! T ^ -T -T ^ ^ 

3. Eight file forward to left ~^ '^ ~^ T" T T" 
—March! T ^T T- ^ -T ^T 

4. Files to place forward j- — p -p- -f- -p- -[— 

March ! _^ _^ _^ _^ _^ __ 

^ ^r 1 X- T,r 1 . ^ ^r ^- ^r ^r ^r 

5. Mark time — March I 

6. Attention— Halt ! -y- -T T T -T ^ 

Ex'planation. Tj "T^ ~T^ ~T^ Tj Tg 

1. Pupils march in place. ^-^ ^^^i^- — ^^ -i^. ^i:> -^^-^ 

hands clasped backward. 

2. All pupils except the first in each file march forward until the 
distance between the members of the files is closed. 



D 



18 

3. The right file begins to march forward to the left and each 
file will follow as soon as the file before it has passed. No. 2 follows 
No. 1 ; No. 3 follows No. 3, etc. 

4. From the rear end each file marches into its aisle in succes- 
sive order. 

5. All march in place. 

6. Stop marching in place. 

DRILL II. 

Oommands. 

1. Mark time — March ! 

2. Alternate files right about 

— Face ! 

3. Forward, right file to left 

— March ! 

4. Files to place — March ! 

5. Mark time and front — 

Face! 

6. Attention— Halt ! 

Explanation. 

1. Pupils march in place, 

hands grasped or folded 
behind. 

2. The alternate files (2, 4, 6) execute % turn right in four 
steps (face rear wall). 

3. File No. 1 marches forward to, left and follows file 6 ; No. 2 
follows No. 1 ; No. 3 follows No. 2, etc. All march up and down the 
aisles until they come to their places. Or, the class may march 
around the room once or twice; then, at the fourth command: 

4. The first file passes into the last file's aisle from the front 
end; the files will march up and down until each file again stands in 
its own aisle. 

5. Front — Face ! All face forward. 

6. Stop marching. 

DRILL III. 

Divide the class into two divisions. If there are six files, each 
division consists of three files; if there are seven files, the first four 
form the first, the remaining three the second division. The two 
divisions march independenly at the same time. The inner two files 




19 



are the 


leading files. Place t 


leading 


files. 




Commands. 


1. 


Mark time — March ! 


2. 


Files 3 and 5 about — • 


Face! 




3. 


Forward — March ! 


4. 


Mark time — March ! 



Place the rack with wands between the two 




Front — Face ! 

5. Attention — Halt ! 
Explanation. 

1. March in place, hands 
clasped behind back. 

2. Files 2 and 5 execute 
^ turn in four steps. 

3. Files 3 and 4 take the 
lead and march outward to the rear ; ISFo. 2 follows No. 3 ; and No. 1 
follows No. 2; No. 5 follows No. 4; and No. 6 follows No. 5. All 
march until they again come to their places. 

4. All march in place and face to the front. 

5. Stop marching. 



DRILL IV. 

The class, divided into two di- 
visions, arises outward so as to leave 
the center aisle unoccupied. 
Commands. 

1. Mark time — March ! 

2. Files 2 and 5 about — Face! 

3. Outer files forward-inward 
and one line through center aisle- 
March ! 

4. Mark time — March ! Front 
— Face ! 

5. Attention — Halt ! 

Explanation. 

1. Pupils march in place. 

2. Files 2 and 5 execute one-half turn to the rear wall in four 
steps. 




80 



3. Files 1 and 6 march forward toward the center, march in 
one line behind each other through the center aisle (first pupil of 
line 1 passes first, then first pupil of line 6 follows, then second pupil 
of line 1, then second of line 6, etc.) to the rear; here the two 
divisions will separate again to their respective sides and counter- 
march up and down the aisles until they again come to their places. 

4. All march in place and turn forward. 

5. Stop marching. 



DRILL V. 




-March ! 



The class, divided into / 
two divisions, will arise out- ' 
ward to leave the center aisle 
unoccupied. 

Commands. 

1, Mark time — March! 

3. Four 14 turns out- 
ward — March ! 

3. Outer files forward in- 
ward and one line through cen- 
ter aisle — March ! 

4. Separate left and right 
to circles — March ! 

5. To your place s — March ! 

6. Four 14 turns inward and halt 

Explanation. 

1. All march in place. 

2. Files 1, 2 and 3 turn in 8 steps completely around to the 
right (each ^ turn in two steps) ; files 4, 5 and 6 to the left. 

3. Files 1 and 6 march forward toward the center and march in 
one line behind each other through the center aisle (first pupil of line 
1 passes first, then first pupil of line 6, then second pupil of line 1, 
then second of line 6, etc.) to the rear as soon as lines 1 and 6 have 
passed; lines 2 and 5 follow; after these, lines 3 and 4. 

4. At the rear end the two divisions separate again to their re- 
spective sides and form two circles around the room. At the com- 
mand : To your places — March ! 

5. One line through the center aisle is formed again; at the 
rear end separate again, and each file marches into its respective aisle 
to places. 



21 

6. All rows face again as in 3 and stop with the last step. 

TACTICS. 

Tactics consist of rules governing the movements of the in- 
dividual, the rank, the column, or the colonnade, with relation to 
space, by means of formations, transformations, and reformations, 
which may be practiced in marching, running, etc. 

Tactics have considerable disciplinary and educational value, but 
since the physical benefits derived from this form of exercise are so 
small, and since the mental strain required for the proper execution 
of the various evolutions is proportionately great, it is advised that not 
too much of the time allotted to the work in physical training be 
devoted to the practice of tactics. This work should be given when 
the children are alert, attentive and able to concentrate, not when 
they are mentally tired, and in need of recreative form of gymnastics. 

TACTICS. 

N. B. In the following diagrams the short line represents the 
front of the individual, as in this case the person is facing X 

X 

DEFINITIONS FOR TACTICS. 

1. Front rank. A body where the units are placed one beside 
the other. The smallest rank consists of 
two units. 



Flank rank. A body where the units are placed one 
in the rear of the other. 



3. Front line. A body where two or more front ranks are 
placed one beside the other. The individual 
is no longer the unit. The smallest line 
consists of two ranks. 



22 




4. Plank line. A 



5. Front column. 



body where two or more flank 
ranks are placed one in rear of 
the other. The individual is no 
longer the unit. 



A bod}^ where two or more front ranks are 
standing one in the rear of the other. The 
smallest column consists of two ranks and 
two files. 




C). Flank column. A body where two or more flan': 
ranks are standing one beside 
the other. 



7. Close order. A bodv where the units are in facing distance. 



8. Open order. A body where the units are any given distance 
apart. 



23 



RULES. 



Facings. The turn is made upon the heel corresponding to the direc- 
tion toward which the facing is to he, and is assisted by the toes 
of the opposite foot. The 14 turns right in marching from place 
are executed thus : The preliminary command may be given at 
any time. The command of execution "face !" being given as the 
right foot strikes the ground, the left foot advances once more 
and the 14 turn right is executed, while the right steps off in 
the new direction. 

In the about facing, the command "face !" being given on 
the right foot, the left advances once more and a I/2 turn right is 
executed on the balls of both feet, the left foot stepping off in the 
new direction. 

Stepping. For any number of steps taken forward or backward it 
requires one more count than steps, for the sideward stepping it 
takes double the counts of steps. (3 steps forward, 4 counts; 3 
steps sideward, 6 counts.) 

Halting. "With two counts following the command "halt!", a march- 
ing body is brought to a standstill. The 'Tialt !" is given as the 
right foot strikes the ground. "Class halt ! 1-3," or "Attention, 
halt! 1-2." 

Commanding. To insure accuracy in execution a command must be 
issued distinctly in two parts, the "preliminary" or "explanatory 
command," and the "command of execution," a marked pause 
being made between the two. In any command issued to a body 
marching on or from place, the "command of execution" must 
fall as the left foot strikes the ground. Exception to this rule 
is made in the following cases : halting a class or having it march 
sideward left, in which case the executionary command is given 
on the right foot, or in right face and right about face while 
marching and in evading right. 

Wheeling. In all wheelings the contact of elbows is toward the pivot 
and the guiding toward the marching flank. Every 14 wheel 
requires as many counts as there are units in the rank. In wheel- 
ing around center pivot it takes half as many counts as there are 
units in the rank. 



34 

TACTICS. 

Faxiings. 

a. In standing position. 

b. Wliile marching on place (called "marking time"). 

c. Wliile marching from place (called "on the march"). 

Commands. 
For 14 turn— "right (left)— face !" 
For % turn— "right (left) about— face !" 
For i/s turn— "half right (left)— face!" 

% turn is only used in marching from place and the command is 
"Obliquely to the rear right (left) — ^march!" 

Marcliing in place. 
Command : "Mark time — march V 

Marching from place. 
Command : "Forward — ^march !" 
"Backward — ^march !" 
"Sideward right (left) — march!" 
Stepping and facing. 
Any number of steps "forward, backward, sideward left (right) 
— ^mareh I" 

Any number of steps in either direction followed by 14 turn, % 
turn or % turn, or vice versa. Example commands : — "Three steps 
forward and left face — march !" "Right about face and two steps 
sideward left — ^march I' 

Division of ranTc hy counting. 
In a front rank counting is usually done from right to left, iu 
a flank rank from front to rear. Commands : — "From right to left 
count (any number) — count!" "From front to rear count (any num- 
ber) — count!" 

Formations. 
(A) Form a front line consisting of ranks of fours. Command : 
"Form fours in front of right (left) obliquely — ^march !" (The right 
(left) or #1 (#4) stand still, while the others place themselves in 
front.) 



("Form fours in front of right, obliquely — ^mareh!" 
4 counts.) 




25 



"Form fours in rear of right (left) obliquely— marcli !" (Above 
principle applies.) 




("Form fours in rear of right, obliquely — march!" 
4 counts.) 



"TT-TT 



"Form fours on the right (left) of 1 (4) passing in front- 
march !" (#1 or 4 stand still while the others circle around them 
eight counts to the desired side independent of each other.) 



( Form fours on the right of 1 passing in 
front — ^march!") (8 counts.) 




"Form fours on the right (left) of 1 (4) passing in rear- 
march!" (Above principle applies.) 



(Form fours on the right of 1 passing in 




1 3 <^ 



rear — march!") (8 counts.) 



(B) From a flank line consisting of ranks of fours: "Form 
fours forward right (left) oblique — ^march!" (#1 stand still while 
the others align themselves abreast with them.) 




("Form fours right oblique — march!") 

(4 counts.) 

"Form fours in front of 1 passing right (left) — march!" (#1 
stand still while the others pass on the right (left) and in 8 counts 
place themselves in front of them. All of these formations are to be 



36 

practiced in standing marching on place and marching from place. 
These formations may also be used for the purpose of dividing a rank 
instead of counting, in which case they are executed successively. 

For example: "From right to left form fours in 
front of right successively — march!" (One four 
after the other executes the command, while one is 
in operation the others are to judge by a glance what 
number in the four they will be.) 




("Form fours in front passing right — 
march !") 
(8 counts.) 

"Form fours in rear of last (4), passing right (left) — ^march!'' 
Transformation hy right angles. 



1. From a front line consisting of ranks of 
fours, "Form fours in front of right by right angles 
— march V The right, or ISTo. 1 stand still while Nos. 
2, 3, 4 march forward two, three, and four steps 
respectively, (the last step is always the closing step) ; 
then execute 14 turn right and march forward the 
same number of steps and execute 14 turn left to 
place themselves in front. 

2. From a flank line consisting of ranks of 
fours, "Form fours to the left of first by right angles 
— march !" The front, or jSTo. 1 stand still while Nos. 
2, 3, 4 execute ^4: turn left and march forward two, 
three and four steps respectively; then execute ^ 
turn to the right and march the same number of steps 
forward to place themselves beside the first. 



TTT T ■ 



^31 



27 



3. From a front line consisting of ranks of 
fours, "Form fours in rear of right by right angles — 
march I" The right or No. 1 stand still while Nos. 
2, 3, 4 execute % turn right and march two, three, 
and four steps forward respectively; then execute 
y^ turn left, march forward the same number of steps 
and execute another 14 turn left to place themselves 
in rear. 




The same exercises may be practiced from line to column and 
vice versa. Then the rank as a unit executes tlie necessary number of 
steps. 



V7HEELINGS. 

(A) From front formations consisting of ranks of fours 
wheel right). 4 counts. 



(y4 



1. "Fours quarter wheel right (left) — march !" 



2. "Fours half wheel right (left) 
— ^march !" 



^ 



(% wheel right.) 8 counts. 




3. "Fours a complete wheel right 
(left)— march!" 

(Complete wheel right.) 
16 counts. 




28 



4. "Fours quarter wheel backward right 
(left) — ^march!" Opposite end is pivot in back- 
ward wheeling. 

(1/4 wheel backward right.) 
4 counts. 




5. "Pours half wheel backward right 
(left)— march!" 

(% wheel backward right.) 
8 counts. 





6. "Fours a complete wheel back- 
ward right (left) — march!" 

(Complete wheel backward right.) 
16 counts. 



^^\ 

8. "Fours half wheel right (left) around center pivot — march!' 

9. "Fours a complete wheel right (left) around center pivot- 
march !" Continuation of No. 7 for % and complete wheels. 



7. "Fours quarter wheel right (left) 
around center pivot — march !" 



-L.. U. 



(B) "From a flank rank consisting of ranks of fours, 14 wheel 
sideward right." (8 counts.) 



29 

1. "Fours quarter wheel sideward right (left) / ^''^'''^"T* 

-march!" / / >^ 







2. "Fours half wheel sideward right (left) — march!" 

(16 counts.) 

3. "Fours a complete wheel sideward right (left) — march!" 
1/2 and complete wheels, a continuation of No. 1. 



4. "Fours 1/4, 1/^, or 1/1 wheel around center 
pivot — ^march !" All wheelings practiced in stand- 
ing, marching on place and from place; also sue- ^— |=— • J— 
cessively. ^ 'V-L^ / 

(14 wheel around a center pivot right.) ^""**> 4^^ 

(C) From a flank line consisting of ranks of fours marching 
from place: 



1. "Fours column right (left) — ^march !" 
Upon this command the first of each rank turn 
immediately, changing the marching body to a 
flank column. The same command issued from this 
formation will reform the flank line. 
(Fours column right.) 



2. "Fours counter march right (left) — march!" The first of 
each rank executes a % turn and marches in this new direction 
parallel with the line. 



30 



/^H h h H/l- h H h 
VH H H H M H H H 

(Fours counter march right.) 

3. "Fours obliquely to the rear right (left) — ^march!" Each 
first executes % of a turn and march forward in this direction. 

From a flank line or rank standing still. 

4. "Forward first (given number) right (left) face — march !" 
The first two, four, or as many as the command calls for, face 

and march forward, the other executing the same when they come to 
the same place. 

The command "First four right (left) — face !" given at the next 
corner will bring the former formation again. 



CHANGE LINE OF DIRECTION 

From a front line or front column of fours: 

"Fours change direction to the right (left) by evading — march !" 
The command being given to the right, a successive facing to the right 
of the units in the rank is begun by the left one and the marching 
forward continued immediately after the facing, — that is to say: 
Immediately after the command has been given, the unit on the ex- 
treme left, unit "four" (4) executes ^^ turn right and marches for- 
ward in rear of the rank. The next unit, unit "three" (3) takes one 
step forward before facing, then joins unit "four" while unit "two" 
takes two steps forward and unit "one" three steps forward before 
facing. Thus the entire rank will, after the last member has joined 
the group, march at right angles to the former line of direction. 

Thus a front column is changed into a front line and vice versa. 
From a front column of fours: 

"Form line to the right (left) by successive wheeling left — 
march !" If the command has been given to the right, the first rank 
of fours executes ^ wheel left and forms the base for the new line to 
be formed. The second rank marches four steps forward before 
executing % wheel left; the third rank marches eight steps forward 
before wheeling, etc., until finally all the ranks are beside each other 
in close order. After wheeling the ranks march on place until the 
line is formed. 



31 

FIGURE MAEOHING. 

Form a front colonnade consisting of any number of lines, each 
line consisting of two ranks, each rank consisting of two units. Num- 
ber the lines 1st, 2nd, etc. 

"Two complete wheel outward — march I" 

"Two complete wheel outward successively — march !" 

"In the uneven numbered lines, ranks wheel outward, others four 
steps forward and four steps on place — march!" 

"The even numbered lines now wheel, the others passing through 
and all are again in place.'^ 

"In all uneven numbered lines the ranks complete wheel right — 
march !" 

"In all even numbered lines the ranks complete wheel left — 
march V 

"In all uneven numbered lines, ranks right wheel; in all even 
numbered lines, ranks left wheel successively — ^march !" 

"The ranks in alternate lines right and left wheel respectively — 
march V 

After every revolution have the ranks change direction; those 
that wheeled right go left, and vice versa. 

"From the center outward — face!" 

"Eight about— face !" 

"Eight— face !" 

"Eight about— face !" 

"Left— face !" 

"Front— face !" 

These last commands are given while marching and must be given 
carefully. After the six commands given in order, the colonnade will 
be reformed. 



INTEODUCTION TO LIGHT GYMNASTICS. 



Exercises in standing, walking, running, skipping and hopping 
tend to develop speed and endurance, good posture, and strong, health- 
ful breathing. From an hygienic standpoint alone, this form of ex- 
ercise is of great value to the growing child. It involves the heaviest 
muscles of the body, thereby stimulating growth through more 
animated activity of the organs of respiration and circulation, thus 
supplying the various organs with better, richer, purer blood. 



Fourth Grade 



LESSON I. 



PEEPAKATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND, 
OTHERS BY COUNTING. 
Arms forward — raise! Arms — lower! Hands on hips — place! Trunk for- 
ward — lower! Trunk — raise! On toes — rise! Heels and arms — ^lower! 
i^fc 1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; lower 

2. Hands on hips — (place). 

^^ '' ' Lower the trunk forward — 1 ; raise 

^^^ ,-' trunk — 2. 

^^^Hir 3. Hands on hips — (place). 

^^^Hk -4^ Else on toes — 1 ; lower heels — 2. 

^^^P^ 4. Eaise the arms fore-upward — 

^^^ 1 ; lower arms — 2. 

^^^^ 5. Eaise the arms forward — 1; 

1^^^ lower arms — 2 ; lower the trunk f or- 

(Piate 1) ward — 3; raise trunk — 4. 

Raise arms forward and lower n -n,- i ^ i i i 

trunk forward. 6. Kisc on tocs — 1 ; lowcr hecis^ — 

2; raise arms fore-upward — 3; lower 
arms — 4. 

7. Eaise arms forward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; return — 2. 
(See plate 1.) 

8. Eise on toes and raise the arms fore-upward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Desk Ex. : — Place hands on desks and jump to kneeling posi- 
tion on seat and down, several times. 

10. Breathing: — Inhale and exhale. Eepeat several times. 
Note: — ^From the kneeling position the arms may be raised to dif- 
ferent positions. 




33 
LESSON II. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms sideward — raise! Arms — lower! Hands on shoulders — place! Trunk 
left (right) — bend! Trunk — straighten! Knees — bend! Straighten 
knees and arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; lower 
trunk — 2. The same exercise^, right. 

2. Hands on shoulders (place). 
Bend trunk left — 1 ; straighten trunk — 
2. The same exercise right. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Bend 
the knees — 1 ; straighten knees — 2. 

4. Eaise arms side-upward — 1; 
lower arms — 2. 

5. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; 
lower arms — 2 ; bend trunk left — 3 ; 
straighten trunk — 4. The same exer- 
cise, right. 

6. Bend knees — 1; straighten 

lua.d knees ^ and %iice hands on knecs— 2 ; raise the arms side-upward 
shoniders. _3 . j^^^^ arms— 4. 

arms — 2. ' 

7. Eaise arms sideward and bend trunk left — 1; return — 2; the 
same exercise, right. 

8. Bend knees and place hands on shoulders — 1 ; return — 2. 
(See plate 2.) 

9. Bend arms to thrust, and in place — run ! 

10. Breathing: — Inhale and exhale several times. 



** 



LESSOK III. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms backward (knuckles backward) — raise! Arms — lower? Hands on 
hips — place! Chest — raise! Chest — lower! Left (right) foot for- 
ward — place! Foot — replace! Arms — down! Arms fore-upward — 
swing! Arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms backward (loiuckles backward) — 1; lower arms 
—2. 

2. Hands on hips (place). Eaise the chest — 1; lower chest — 2. 
('J'his exercise prepares for bending the trunk backward.) 



3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot forward — 1; re-place 
foot — 2. The same exercise, right. 

4. Swing arms fore-upward — 1 ; lower arms — 2. 

5. Eaise arms backward — 1 ; lower arms — 2 ; raise chest — 3 ; 
lower chest — i. 

6. Place left foot forward — 1 ; replace foot — 2 ; swing arms fore- 
upward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Eaise arms backward and raise chest — 1; return — 2. 

8. Place left foot forward and swing arms forward — 1; re- 
turn — 2. 

9. Place hands on desk and left foot on seat (place) ; change 
position of feet — begin! 

10. Breathing: — Eaise arms sideward (palms up) and inhale: 
lower arms and exhale. Eepeat. 

LESSON IV. 

PKEPAEATOKY COMMANDS. 

Place hands on hips and trunk left (right) — turn! Trunk^return ! Left 

(right) foot sideward — place! Foot — replace! Hands behind neck — 
place! Arms — lower! 



1. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; lower 
arms — 2. 

2. Hands on hips (jolace). Turn trunk 
left — 1 ; return trunk — 2. The same exercise, 
right. 

3. Hands behind neck (place). Place 
left foot sideward — 1 ; replace foot — 2. The 
same exercise, right. (See plate 3.) 

4. Place hands behind neck — 1 ; lower 
the arms — 2. 

(Plate 3) 
(Hands behind neck) ; place 
left foot sideward. 

Note: — When placing hands behind the neck the elbows point 

sideward and the chest is well raised. 

5. Eaise arms sideward— 1 ; lower arms — 2 ; turn trunk left— 

3 ; return trunk — 4. The same exercise, right. 

G. Place left foot sideward— 1 ; replace foot— 2; place hands 

behind neck — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 




r 



35. 

7. Eaise arms sideward and turn trunlc left — 1 ; return — 2. 
The same exercise^ right. 

8. Place left foot sideward^ and hands behind the neck — -1; re- 
turn — 2. 

9. Bend arms to thrust and run in place in alternation with 
marking time upon command. 

10. Breathing: — Rise on toes and inhale; lower heels and ex- 
hale, itepeat. 

LESSON V. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Arms forward — straighten! Hands on hips — place! 
Left sideward — stride! Trunk forward — lower! Trunk — raise! Posi- 
tion — stand! Left (right) foot backward — place! Foot — replace! 

^^ 1. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms for- 

■1\ ward — 1 ; return — 2. 

2. Place hands behind neck and left sideward 
(stride). Lower trunk forward — 1; raise trunk — 2. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot back- 
ward — 1 ; replace foot — 2. The same exercise, right. 

4. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms up- 
ward — 1; return — 2. 

5. Place hands on hips and left sideward (stride). 
Straighten arms forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; lower trunk 
forward — 3 ; raise trunk — 4. 

6. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot back- 
(piate 4) ward — 1: replace foot — 2; straighten arms upward — 3: 

l>lace left foot ' ^ r ' 

backward, and return — 4. The same exercise, riffht. 

straighten arms ^ '=' 

upward. 

7. Place hands on hips and left sideward (stride). Straighten 
arms forward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; return — 2. 

8. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot backward and 
straighten arms upward — 1; return — 2. The same exercise, right. 
(See plate 4.) 

9. Place hands on desks and jump to squatting position on seat 
and down. 

10. Breathing: — luiise arms sideward and inhale; lower arms 
and exhale. 




36 



LESSOK VI. 



PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 



Hands on hips — place! Arms sideward — straighten! Hands behind neek — 
place! Left sideward — stride! Trunk left (right) — bend! Trunk — 
straighten! Position — stand! Hands on hips — place! Left (right) 
foot backward — cross! Foot — replace! Arms upward — straighten! 
Arms — lower ! 

1. Hands on hips (place). Straighten 
arms sideward — 1 ; return — 2. 

2. Place hands behind neck and left side- 
ward (stride). Bend trunk left — 1; straighten 
trunk — 2. The same exercise, right. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Cross left 
foot backward — 1 ; replace foot — 2. 

4. Hands on hips (place). Straighten 
arms upward — 1 ; return — 2. 

5. Place hands on hips and left sideward 
(stride). Straighten arms sideward — 1; re- 
turn — 2 ; bend trunk left — 3 ; straighten trunk 
—4. 

6. Hands on hips (place). Cross left 
foot backward — 1 ; replace foot — 2 ; straighten 
arms upward — 3 : return — 4. The same exer- 
right. 

7. Place hands on hips and left sideward (stride). Straighten 
arms sideward and bend trunk left — 1 ; return — 2. The same exer- 
cise, right. (See plate 5.) 

8. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot backward and 
straighten arms upward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Eaise arms to thrust and run in place with 14 ^^rn left 
(right) upon command. 

10. Breathing: — Place hands on hips and inhale; lower arms 
and exhale. 




(Plate 5) 

(Hands on hips, stride 

left sideward. ) Straighten 

arms sideward and bend 

trunk left. 



LESSON VII. 

PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 



Arms to thrust — bend! Arms backward — thrust! Hands on shoulders- 
place! Trunk backward — bend! Trunk- — straighten! Hands on hips- 
place! Left (right) knee — raise! Foot — replace! Arms to thrust- 



bend! Arms upward — thrust! To thrust — bend! Thrust arms back- 
ward and trunk backward — bend! Bend arms and trunk — straighten I 
Arms — lower! 

1. Arms to thrust (bend); thrust arms backward — 1; return 
to thrust — 2. 

2. Place hands on shoulders and left sideward (stride). Bend 
trunk backward — 1 ; straighten trunk — 2. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Eaise left knee (to right angle) — 1; 
replace foot — 2. The same exercise, right. 

4. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms upward — 1; return 
to thrust — 2. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Thrust 
arms backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; bend trunk backward — 3 ; straighten 
trunk — 4. 

6. Arms to thrust — bend. Eaise left knee — 1 ; replace foot 
- — 2 ; thrust arms upward — 3 ; return — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Thrust 
arms backward and bend trunk backward — 1 ; return — 2. 

8. Arms to thrust (bend). Eaise left knee and thrust arms 
upward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Place hands on desks and squat (jump) over seat; face 
about and repeat several times. 

10. Breathing: — Lower head backward and inhale; straighten 
head and exhale. 



LESSON VTTT. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms to thrust — bend! Arms sideward — ^thrust! Place hands on hips and 
left sideward — stride! Left knee — bend! Knee — straighten! Thrust 
arms forward and trunk left — turn! Bend arms to thrust and trunk — 
return! Position — stand! 

1. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms forward — 1; return 
to thrust — 2. 

2. Place hands behind neck and left sideward (stride). Turn 
trunk left — 1 ; return trunk — 2. The same exercise, right. 

3. Place hands on hips and left sideward (stride). Bend left 
knee — 1 ; straighten knee — 2. The same exercise, right. 

4. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms sideward — 1; return 
to thrust — 2. 



38 



5. Bend arms to thrust and left sideAvard (stride). Thrust 
arms forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; turn trunk left — 3 ; retiirn trunk — 4. 
Same exercise, right. 

6. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Bend left 
Ivnee — 1; straighten knee — 2; thrust arms sideward — 3; return — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

7. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Thrust 
arms sideward and turn trunk left — 1; return — 2. The same exer- 
cise, right. 

8. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Bend left 
knee and thrust arms sideward — 1; return — 2. 

9. Arms to thrust (bend). Eun in place with raising of heels 
and walk in place alternately upon command. 

10. Breathing: — Eaise arms sideward (palms up), and inhale; 
lower arms and exhale. 



LESSON IX. 



PREPARATOKY COMMANDS. 

Arms to strike — raise! Arms sideward — strike! Arms to strike- — ^bend! 
Left forward — stride! Foot — replace! Arms backward — strike! Arms 



-lower ! 



Strike 



1. Arms to strike (raise). 
arms sideward — 1 ; return — 2. 

Note: — In raising the arms to strike, 
the hands are clinched over the 
shoulders, elbows pointing sideward. 

2. Place hands behind the neck, and 
left forward (stride). Lower trunk forward 
— 1 ; raise trunk — 2. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Rise on 
toes — 1 ; lower heels — 2. 

4. Arms to strike (raise). Strike 
backward — 1 ; return — 2. 

5. Eaise arms to strike and left for- 
ward (stride). Strike arms sideward — 1; 
return — 2; lower trunk forward — 3; re- 
turn — 4. 

6. Arms to strike (raise). Rise on toes — 1; return — 2; strike 
arms backward — 3 : return— 4. 




(Plate 6) 

(Kaise arms to strike and 

left forward stride.) Strike 

the arms sideward, and lower 

the trunk forward. 



39 

7. Eaise arms to strike and left forward (stride). Strike the 
arms sideward and lower trunk forward — 1; return — 2. (See 
plate 6.) 

8. Arms to strike (raise). Else on toes and strike arms back- 
ward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Place hands on desks and squat (jump) over seat with 14 
and % turn left (right) and repeat. 

10. Breathing: — Rise on toes and inhale; lower heels and ex- 
hale. 



LESSON" X. 



PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Clinch hands and arms fore-upward — swing! Arms — lower! Place hands 
on shoulders and left forward — stride! Trunk backward — bend! 
Trunk — straighten! Position — stand! Clinch hands and arms side- 
upward — swing! Left (right) sideward — lunge! Swing arms side- 
downward and foot — replace! 

1. Clinch hands and arms fore-up- 
ward (raise). Swing arms backward — 1; 
return — 3. 

2. Place hands on shoulders and left- 
forward (stride). Bend trunk backward — 
1; straighten trunk — 2. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Lunge left 
sideward — 1 ; return — 2. The same exer- 
cise, right. 

4. Clinch hands and arms side-up- 
ward (raise). Swing arms side-down- 
ward — 1; return — 2. 

5. Clinch hands, raise arms fore-up- 




( Plate 7) 

(Clinch the hands, and arms 

side-upward raise) ; lunge left 

sideward and swing arms 

side-downward. 



ward, and left forward (stride). Swing 
arms backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; bend trunk backward — 3 ; return — 4. 

6. Clinch hands, arms side-upward (raise). Lunge left side- 
ward — 1 ; return — 2 ; swing arms side-downward — 3 ; return — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

7. Clinch hands, raise arms fore-upward and left forward 
(stride). Swing arms backward and bend trunk backward — 1; re- 
turn — 2. 



40 

8. Clinch hands, and arms side-upward (raise). Lunge left 
sideward and swing arms side downward — 1 ; return — 3. The same 
exercise, right. (See plate 7.) 

9. Bend arms to thrust and run in place with clapping of hands 
upon command. 

10. Breathing: — Eaise arms side-upward and inhale; lower 
arms and exhale. 



Fifth Grade 



PEEPAKATOEY EXEEGISES BY COMMAND — OTHEES BY COUNTING. 

LESSOR I. 

Raise the arms forward and on toes — rise! Arms and heels — lower! Kaise 
the arms forward and trunk forward — lower! Lower arms and trunk — 
raise! Eaise the arms sideward and the knees — bend! Lower the 
arms and the knees — straighten! Eaise the arms sideward and trunk 
forward — lower! Lower arms and trunk — raise! 

1. Eaise left arm forward — 1 ; lower arm — 2 ; raise right arm 
forward— 3; lower arm — 4. 

2. Eaise left foot forward — 1; replace foot — 2; raise right foot 
forward — 3; replace foot — 4. 

3. a. Eaise left arm and foot forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right — 3 

and 4. 
b. Eaise both arms forward and rise on toes — 1 ; return — 2. 

4. a. Hands on shoulders (place). Lower head forward — 1; 

raise head — 2. 
b. Eaise arms forward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; re- 
turn— 2, 

5. Eaise left arm sideward — -1; lower arm — 2. Same, right, 
3 and 4. 

6. Eaise left foot sideward — 1; replace foot — 2. Same, right, 
3 and 4. 

7. a. Eaise left arm and foot sideward — 1 ; return — 2. Eight, 

3 and 4, 
Jaise both arms sideward and bend knees — 1 ; return — 2. 
J. Eaise arms sideward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Balancing : — The arms and left foot forward — raise ! Hold 
this position eight counts, then repeat, raising right foot forward. 

10. Breathing: — Place hands on hips and inhale; lowt'r arms 
and exhale. Eepeat. 



42 
LESSON II. 

PKEPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Raise arms sideward and the trunk left — ^bend! Lower arms and trunk — 
straighten! Raise arms backward and the knees — bend! Lower arms 
and knees — straighten! Raise arms sideward and left forward — stride! 
Lower arms and foot — replace! 

Z?'^ 1. Baise left arm sideward — 1 ; lower arm 

'^ same, Tight, 3 and 4. 

— 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Eaise left foot sideward — 1 ; replace 
foot — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Eaise left arm and foot sideward — 
' ^M^_ 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

^|H^HH b. Eaise both arms sideward and rise 

^^H^^H[ on toes — 1 ; return — 2. 

^^ ^^^ 4. a. Hands on hips (place). Lower 

i^W^ V head left — 1 ; raise head — 2 ; 

W ^L I'ight, 3 ; raise — 4. 

,^, ^^^ b. Eaise arms sideward and bend 

(Plate 8) 

Raise both arms and left trunk left — 1 ; retum— 2 : 

foot backward. " " 

5. Eaise left arm backward — 1 ; lower arm — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Eaise left foot backward — 1; replace foot — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Eaise left' arm and foot backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; same 

right, 3 and 4. (See plate 8.) 
b. Eaise both arms backward and bend knees — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

8. Eaise arms sideward and left forward (stride). Bend trimk 
left — 1 ; straighten trunk — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

9. Balancing: — The arms upward and left foot backward — 
raise ! Hold eight counts, then repeat, raising right foot backward. 

10. Breathing: — Eise on toes and inhale slowly; lower heels 
and exhale, sajdng "Oh." Eepeat. 

LESSON IIL 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands behind the neck — place! Head backward — bend! Lower arms and 
the head — raise! Raise arms backward and the trunk backward — 
bend! Lower arms and trunk — raise! Left sideward — stride! Raise 
arms fore-upward and trunk backward — bend! Lower arms and trunk 
— raise! To fundamental position — jump! 



43 

1. Eaise left arm backward — 1 ; lower arm — 3 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Eaise left foot backward — 1 ; replace foot — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Eaise left arm and foot backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 

3 and 4. 
b. Eaise both arms backward and rise on toes — 1 ; return — 2. 

4. a. Hands behind neck (place). Lower head backward- — 1; 

raise head — 2. 
b. Eaise arms backward and bend trunk backward — 1; re- 
turn — 2. 

5. Eaise left arm fore-upward — 1 ; lower arm — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Eaise left foot backward crosswise — 1 ; replace foot — 2 right, 
3 and 4. 

7. a. Eaise left arm fore-upward and left foot backward cross- 

wise — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Eaise both arms fore-upward and bend knees — 1; re- 
turn — 2. 

8. Left sideward (stride). Eaise arms fore-upward and bend 
trunk backward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Balancing: — Eaise arms slowly fore-upward and on toes — 
rise ! Hold eight counts, then slowly lower arms and heels. Eepeat. 

10. Breathing : — Slowly raise arms sideward and inhale. Lower 
arms and exhale. Eepeat. 



44 



LESSOT^ IV. 



PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 




Raise arms side-ujsward and trunk left — ^turn! Lower arms and trunk — 
return! Arms to chest — raise! (Finger-tips touch, elbows point side- 
ward, shoulder-high.) Arms sideward — fling! To chest — return! Left 
forward — stride! Lower arms and foot — replace! 

1. Eaise left arm side-upv,^ard — 1; lower 
arm — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Cross left foot backward — 1 ; replace foot 
— 2; right, Sand 4. 

3. a. Eaise left arm side-upward and cross 
left foot backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; 

fright, 3 and 4. 
b. Eaise both arms side-upward and rise 
on toes — 1 ; lower arms and heels 
-2. 
4. a. Hands on hips (place). Turn head 
left — 1; return — 2; turn head 
right — 3; return — 4. 
b. Eaise arms side-upward and turn 
trunk left — 1; return — 2; right, 
3 and 4. 

5. Arms to position in front of chest (finger-tips touching, 
elbows pointing sideward) (raise). Fling left arm sideward — 1: re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. (See plate 9.) 

6. Place left foot sideward — 1 ; replace foot — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Fling left arm sideward and place left foot sideward — 1 ; 

return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Fling both arms sideward and bend knees — 1 ; return — 2. 

8. Eaise arms to chest and left forward (stride). Fling arms 
sideward and turn trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

9. Balancing: — Slowly raise arms forward and knees — bend! 
Hold eight counts, then lower arms, straighten knees and repeat. 

10. Breathing: — Eise on toes and inhale. Lower heels and ex- 
hale. Eepeat. 



(Plate 9) 

Arms to position in front 

of chest, (finger-tips 

touching, elbows pointing 

sideward. 



45 
LESSON y. 

PEEPARATOKY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Left forward — lunge! Foot — replace! The right 
knee upward — raise! Foot — replace! Straighten arms upward and 
trunk forward — lower! Lower arms to sides and trunk — raise! 

1. Hands on hips (place). Straighten 
^^^ left arm forward — 1; replace hand — 2; right, 

" ^' 3 and 4. 

_^s-'' 2. Arms in rear (fold). Lunge left for- 

ward — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Hands on hips (place). Straighten 

f^ left arm forward and lunge 

forward left — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 
b. Straighten both arms forward and 
lunge left forward — i: return 
— 3 ; right, 3 and 4. 
4. a. Hands on hips (place). Straighten 
arms forward and lower head 

(Plate 10) 

straighten arms forward forward — 1 ", replace liauds and 

and lower head forward. ^ 

raise head — 2. ( See plate 10.) 
b. Place hands behind neck and left sideward (stride). 
Lower trunk forward — 1 ; raise trunk — 2. 

5. Hands on hips (place). Straighten left arm upward — 1 ; re- 
place hand — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Hands behind neck (place). Eaise left knee upward — 1; 
replace foot — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Hands on hips (place). Straighten left arm upward 

and raise left knee upward — 1; return — 2; right, 3 
and 4. 
b. Straighten both arms upward and lunge left forward — 1 ; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Place hands on hips and left sideward (stride). Lower 
trunk forward and straighten arms upward — 1 ; return — 2. 

9. Balancing: — Eaise arms sideward and left foot forward — 
raise ! Hold eight counts, then lower arms and foot. Eepeat, raising 
right foot forward. 

10. Breathing: — From arms forward in position, move arms 
sideward and inhale. Move forward and exhale. Eepeat. 



46 



LESSOR VI. 



PEEPARATOEY COMMANDS. 

Hands on shoulders — place! Left sideward — lunge! Foot — replace! Hands 
on hips — place! Straighten arms sideward and head left — bend! Re- 
place hands and head — raise! Eight (left) heel upward — raise! Foot — 
replace! Straighten arms upward and trunk left (right) — bend! 
Lower arms and trunk — straighten! 

1. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten left 
arm sideward — 1 ; replace hand — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Hands on hips (place). Limge left sideward — 
1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Hands on shoulders (place).. Straighten 

left arm sideward and lunge left side- 
ward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Straighten both arms sideward and lunge 
left sideward — 1; return — 2; right, 3 
and 4. 

4. a. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms 

sideward and lower head left — 1 ; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Place hands on shoulders and left sideward 
(lunge). Straighten arms sideward 
and bend trunk left — 1 ; return— 2 ; 
same, right, 3 and 4. 
o. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten 
left arm upward — 1; replace hand — 2; right, 
3 and 4. 

G. Arms in rear (fold). Eaise left heel 
upward — 1 ; replace foot — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Hands on shoulders (place). 

Straighten left arm upward 
and raise left heel upward — 1 ; 
return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
(See plate 11.) 
b. Straighten both arms upward and 
raise left heel upward — 1 ; re- 
turn — 2 ; riglit, 3 and 4. 

8. J'lace hands on shoulders and left side- 
ward (stride), 



(Plate 11) 

straighten both 

arms upward, 

and raise left 

heel upward. 





(Plnte 12) 

(Place hands on shoulders, 

and left sideward stride) ; 

bend trunk left and 

straighten arms upward. 

Bend trunk left and straighten arms upward — 1 ; 



return — 2; right, 3 and 4. (See plate 12.) 



4? 



9. Balancing: — Arms and left foot sideward — raise! Hold 
eight counts, then lower arms and foot. Repeat, raising right foot 
sideward. 

10. Breathing: — Raise arms fore-npward and inhale. Lower 
side-downward and exhale. Repeat. 



LESSON VII. 

PREPAEATORT COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Place left (right) foot backward and right (left) 
knee — bend! Eeplace foot and knee — straighten! Arms to thrust 
(bend): Thrust arms backward and trunk backward — bend! Bend 
arms to thrust and trunk — straighten! Arms upward — thrust! Trunk 
backward — bend! Lower arms and trunk — straighten! 

1. Arms to thnist (bend). Thrust left 

arm backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; thrust right arm .^^^ 

backward — 3 ; return — 4. ^^^ 

2. Hands on hips (place). Place left 

foot backward and bend right knee — 1 ; return ^ 

—2; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust 

left arm backward and place 
left foot backward, bending 
right knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 
3 and 4. 
b. Thrust both arms backward and 
place left foot backward bend- 
ing right knee— 1; return— 2; ^p^,^^^ ^3^ 

rio'ht 3 and 4 (See nlate 13 "1 Thrust arms, and place 
iij^HL, .) tinu -±. i^ote pifUe lO. ) ,pfj j^g^ backward, and 

bend right knee. 




48 



4. a. Fold arms in rear and lower head backward 

— 1; return — 2. (See plate 14.) 
b. Bend arms to tbriist and left backward 
(stride). Thrust arms backward and 
bend trunk backward — 1 ; return — 2. 

5. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust left arm up- 
ward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Hands on shoulders (place). Place left foot 
backAvard and bend right knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 
and 4. 

Arms to thrust (bend). Thrast left arm 
upward and place left foot backward, 
bending right knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 
Thrust both arms upward with the fore- 
going foot exercise — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 
Bend the arms to thrust and left sideward (stride). Bend 
the trunk backward and thrust the arms upward — 1; return — 2. 

9. Balancing: — With 14 turn left, hands on desks and left foot 
on seat (place). Slowly raise arms forward and on toes — rise! Hold 
eight counts, then lower arms and heels. Change position of feet and 
repeat. 

10. Breathing: — Arms to chest (finger-tips touch, elbows point 
sideward) — raise! Fling arms sideward and inhale. Eeturn and 
exhale. Eepeat. 



7. a. 



b. 



(Plate 14) 
Fold arms in 
rear, and lower 
head backward. 



8. 



49 



LESSON VIII. 




' PREPARATOKY COMMANDS. 

Place hands on shoulders and head left (right) — turn! Lower arms and 
head — return! Bend arms to thrust and left forward — stride! Thrust 
arms forward and trunk left — turn! Bend arms to thrust and trunk — 
return! Lower arms and foot — replace! 

1. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust left 
arm forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Hands on hips (place). Lunge left 
forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. a. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust 
left arm forward and lunge left 

f forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 

and 4. 
b. Thrust both arms forward and 
lunge left forward — 1 ; return — 
2; right, 3 and 4. 
4. a. Place hands on shoulders and turn 
head left — 1 ; lower arms and 
return head — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
(See plate 15.) 

b. Bend arms to thrust and left forward (stride). Turn 
trunk left and thrust arms forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 
Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust left arm sideward — 1; re 
right, 3 and 4. 

Arms backward (fold). Lunge left sideward — 1; return — 
2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust left arm sideward and 

lunge left sideward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Thrust both arms sideward and lunge left sideward — 1; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Bend arms to thrust and left sideward (stride) . Turn trunk 
left and thrust arms sideward — 1 ; return — -2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

9. Balancing: — With i/4 turn left, place hands on desks and 
left foot on seat (place) ! Slowly raise arms fore-upwa/d and on 
toes — rise ! Hold eight counts, then lower arms and heels. Change 
position of feet and repeat. 



(Plate 15) 

I'lace hands on shoulders, 

and turn head left. 



5. 
turn — 2 
6. 



50 



10. Breathing: — Hands on shoulders (elbows forward) — 
(place). Move elbows sideward and inhale; move forward and ex- 
hale. Eepeat. 



LESSON IX. 

PKEPARATOKY COMMANDS. 

Arms in rear — fold! Place the left (right) foot forward and the right 
(left) knee — bend! Eeplace the foot and the knee — straighten! Left 
(right) backward — lunge! Foot — replace! Arms to strike — raise! 
Strike the arms backward and left backward — lunge! Lower arms 
and foot — replace! 

1. Arms to strike (raise). Strike left arm forward — 1; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

Note: — In raising arms to strike, the hands are clinched over 
the shoulders, elbows pointing sideward. 

2. Arms in rear (fold). Place left foot for- 
ward and bend right knee — ^1 ; return — 3 ; right, 
3 and 4. 

3. a. Anns to strike (raise). Strike left 
arm forward and place left foot 

■^^^__ ^ forward, bending right knee — 1 ; 

jHH|||k return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

^HH^^H b. strike both arms forward and place 

^^fgg^ ' left foot forward, bending right 

W W knee — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 

^P 4. a. Arms in rear (fold). Lower head 




(Plate IC) 

(Arms to s t r i k e — 

raise ! ) ; strike left 

arm backward, and 

lunge left backward. 



forward — 1 ; raise head — 2 ; low- 
er head backward — 3; raise head 
—4. 

b. Arms to strike (raise). Bend trunk fore-doAvnward and 
strike arms forward to touch toes — 1 ; return — 2. 

5. Arms to strike (raise). Strike the left arm backward — 1; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Hands on hips (place) . Lunge left backward — 1 ; return — - 
3; right, 3 and 4. 

7. a. Arms to strike (raise). Strike left arm backward and 

lunge left backward — 1 ; return — 3 ; right, 3 and 4. 
(See plate 16.) 



51 



b. Strike both arms backward and lunge left backward — 1 ; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Arms to strike (raise). Strike both arms backward, bend 
trmik backward and place left foot backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 
3 and 4. 

9. Balancing: — With i/4 turn left place hands on desks and left 
foot on seat (place). Slowly raise arms sideward and head back- 
ward — lower ! Hold four counts, then lower arms and raise head ; 
change position of feet and repeat. 

10. Breathing: — Eaise amis sideward, rise on toes and inhale. 
Lower arms and heels and exhale. Eepeat. 



LESSON X. 



PREPAKATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Place left (right) foot sideward and right (left) 
knee — bend! Eeplace foot and the knee — straighten! Arms to strike 
raise! Strike arms sideward, place the left foot sideward and the 
right knee — bend! Lower the arms, replace the foot and the knee — 
straighten! 

1. Arms to strike (raise). Strike left arm side- 
ward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Hands on shoulders (place). Place left foot 
sideward and bend right knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 
and 4. 

3. a. Arms to strike (raise). Strike left arm 
sideward, and place left foot sideward, 
bending right knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 
3 and 4. 

b. Strike both arms sideward and place left 
foot sideward, bending right knee — 1 ; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

4. a. Arms upward (bend). Lower head left — ■ 
— 1 ; raise head — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

(See plate 17.) 

Note: In bending arms upward, the hands are placed against 

shoulders, elbows pointing downward, 
b. Arms sideward (raise). Turn head left — -1 ; return — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 




52 

e. Raise arms to strike and left forward (stride). Strike 
arms sideward and bend trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

5. Arms to strike (raise). Strike left arm upward — 1; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Hands on hips (place). Else on toes — 1; lower heels — 2;. 

7. a. Arms to strike (raise) Strike left arm upward and 

rise on toes — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Strike both arms upward and rise on toes — 1; return — 
2; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Eaise arms to strike and left forward (stride). Strike arms 
upward and turn trunk left — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

9. Balancing : — With ^ turn left, place hands on desks and left 
foot on seat (place). Slowly raise arms side-upward and trunk back- 
ward — bend ! Hold four counts, then lower arms and straighten 
trunk. Change position of feet and repeat. 

10. Breathing: — Slowly raise arms side-upward, lower head 
backward and inhale. Lower arms side-downward, raise head and 
exhale. Repeat. 



Sixth Grade 



LESSON I. 

PREPARATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND — OTHERS BY COUNTING. 

Hands on hips — place! Head forward — lower! Lower arms and head — 
raise! Eaise arms sideward and trunk forward — lower! Lower arms 
and trunk — raise! 

1. Hands on hips (place). Lower head forward — 1; raise 
head — 2. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; move arms sideward — 2 ; move for- 
ward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Bend knees — 1 ; straighten knees — 2. 

4. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; move arms sideward and bend knees 
— 2 ; move arms forward and straighten loiees — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

5. Eaise arms sideward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; return — 2. 

6. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise arms upAvard — 2 ; lower forward 
— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on shoulders (place). Else on toes — 1; lower heels 
—2. 

8. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise arms upward and rise on toes — 
2 ; lower arms forward and lower heels — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

9. Eaise arms upward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; raise trunk 
and lower arms — 2. 

10. Breathing: — Place hands on hips and inhale. Lower arms 
and exhale. Eepeat. 

LESSOK II. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Eaise arms sideward and trunk left — bend! Lower arms and trunk — 
straighten! Eaise arms side-upward and trunk right — bend! Lower 
arms and trunk — straighten! Hands on hips — place! Left foot side- 
ward — raise! Backward — cross! Eeturn — raise! Foot — replace! 
Arms — lower ! 
1. Arms in rear (fold). Lower head left — 1; raise head — 2; 

right, 3 and 4. 



54 

2. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; move backward — 2 ; move sideward 
— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot sideward — 1 ; cross 
backward — 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Eaise arms sideward and place left foot sideward — 1 ; move 
arms backward and cross left foot backward — 2; return to first posi- 
tion — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms sideward and bend trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

6. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; raise upward — 2 ; lower sideward — 
3; lower arms — 4. 

7.. Hands on hips (place). Eaise left foot sideward — 1; cross 
backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Eaise arms and left foot sideward — 1 ; raise arms upward 
and cross left foot backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

9. Eaise arms side-upward and bend trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

10. Breathing: — Eise on toes and slowly inhale. Lower heels 
and exhale, saying "Oh." Eepeat. 



LESSON III. 

PREPAKATOKY COMMANDS. 

Hands on shoulders — place! Head backward — bend! Head — raise! Arms 
— lower! Eaise arms backward and trunk backward — bend! Lower 
arms and trunk — straighten! Eaise arms fore-upward and trunk back- 
ward — bend! Lower arms and trunk — straighten! 

1. Hands on shoulders (place). Lower head backward — 1; 
raise head — 2; 

2. Eaise arms baclavard — 1 ; move arms forward — 2 ; back- 
ward — 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Arms backward (fold). Place left foot backward — 1 ; for- 
ward — 2 ; backward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Eaise arms backward and place left foot backward — 1 ; move 
arms and foot forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 

'The same exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms backward and bend trunk backward — 1 ; return 
—2. 



55 

6. Raise arms backward — 1; swing forward — 2; return — 3; 
lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Eaise left foot backward — 1; place 
foot forward — 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. 

8. Raise arms and left foot backward — 1; swing arms fore- 
upward and place left foot forward — 2; return — 3; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

9. Raise arms fore-upward and bend trunk backward — 1 ; re- 
turn — 2. 

10. Breathing: — Slowly raise arms sideward and inhale. Lower 
arms and exhale. Repeat. 



LESSO]^ IV. 

PREPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms sideward — raise! Head left (right) — turn! Head — return! Arms — 
lower! Eaise arms side-upward and trunk left — turn! Lower arms 
and trunk — return! Eaise arms backward and trunk right — turn I 
Lower arms and trunk — return! 

1. Raise arms sideward and turn head left — 1; return — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 

2. Raise arms fore-upward — 1 ; lower sideward — 2 ; raise up- 
ward — 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Arms to strike (raise). Rise on toes — 1; lower heels — 2. 

4. Raise arms fore-upward and rise on toes — 1 ; lower arms side- 
ward and lower heels — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and heels — 4. 

5. Raise arms side-upward and turn trunk left — 1 ; lower the 
arms and return trunk — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Raise arms side-upward — ^1 ; lower backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
lower arms side-downward — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Rise on toes — 1; bend knees— 2; 
return — 3 ; lower heels — 4. 

8. Raise arms side upward and rise on toes — 1 ; lower arms 
backward and bend knees — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and heels — 4. 

9. Raise arms backward and turn trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

10. Breathing: — Rise on toes and inhale. Lower heels and 
exhale. Repeat. 



LESSON V. 



PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 



Raise arms forward and head forward — lower! Lower arms and head — 
raise! Hands on hips — place! Left foot forward — place! Left knee — 
raise! Foot forward — place! Foot — replace! To side-stride position — 
jump! To fundamental position — jump! 

1. Eaise arms forward and lower liead forward — 1 ; lower arms 
and raise head — 2. 

8. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms forward — 1; move 
sideward — 2 ; move forward — 3 ; place hands on hips — 4. 

3. Hands behind neck (place). Place left foot forward — 1; 
sideward — 2 ; forward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms forward and place 
left foot forward — 1 ; move arms and foot sideward — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
hands on hips and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

5. Left sideward (stride). Eaise arms forward — 1; move arms 
sideward and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

6. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms forward — 1; raise 
arms upward — 2 ; lower forward — -3 ; place hands on hips — 4. 

7. Hands behind neck (place). Place left foot forward — 1; 
raise left knee — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

8. Hands on hips (place). Straighten arms forward and place 
left foot forward — 1 ; raise arms and left laiee upward — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
place hands on hips and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

9. Eaise arms forward and jump to side-stride position — 1 ; raise 
arms upward and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; position — 4. 

10. Breathing: — From arms forward in position, move arms 
sideward and inhale. Move forward and exhale. ^ Eepeat. 



LESSON VI. 



PHEPAEATORY OOMMAXDS. 




(Plate IS) 

Raise arms sideward and lower 

liead left. 



Eaise arms sideward and the liead left — lower! Lower the arms and the 
head — raise! Kaise the arms sideward and to the side-stride position — 
jump! 

1. Eaise arms sideward and lower 
head left — 1 ; lower arms and raise head 
—2; right, 3 and 4. (See plate 18). 

2. Hands on shoulders (place). 
Straighten arms sideward — 1 ; move back- 
ward — 2 ; return — 3 ; place hands on 
shoulders^-4. 

3. Hands behind neck (place). 
Place left foot sideward — 1 ; move back- 
ward — 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

4. Hands on shoulders (place). 
Straighten arms sideward and place left foot sideward 
— 1 ; move arms and foot backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
place hands on shoulders and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms sideward and jump to side-stride 
position — 1 ; move arms backward and bend trunk left 
— 2 ; return — 3 ; position — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten arms 
sideward — 1 ; raise arms upward — 2 ; lower sideward — 3 ; 
hands on shoulders — 4. 

7. Hands backward (grasp). Place left foot side- 
ward — 1 ; cross backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

8. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten arms 
sideward and place left foot sideward — 1 ; raise arms 

upward and cross left foot backward — 2; return — 3; replace hands 
and foot — 4. The same exercise, right. (See plate 19.) 

9. Eaise arms sideward and jump to side-stride position — 1 ; 
raise arms upward and bend trunk left — 2; return — 3; position — 4. 

10. Breathing: — Eaise arms fore-upward and inhale. Lower 
side-downward and exliale. Eepeat. 




(Plate 19) 

Raise arms 

upward and 

cross left foot 

backward. 



58 
LESSON VII. 

PEEPAEATOEY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Left foot backward — place! Left kuee upward — 
raise! Left foot backward — -place! Foot — replace! Eight foot back 
ward — place! Left knee — bend! Knee — straighten! Eight foot — 
replace! 

1. Hands (clinch). Raise arms backward and bend head back- 
ward — 1 ; lower arms and raise head — 2. 

2. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms backward — 1; swing- 
forward — 2; return — 3; bend to thrust — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot backward — 1; raise 
left knee forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

4. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms backward and place 
left foot backward — 1 ; swing arms forward and raise left knee for- 
ward — 2; return — 3; bend arms to thrust and replace foot — 4. The 
same, right. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and stride left forward — 1; thrust arms 
backward and bend trunk backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; position — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

6. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms backward — 1; swing 
arms fore-upward — 2 ; return — 3 ; bend to thrust — 4. 

7. Hands on shoulders (place). Place left foot backward — 1; 
bend right knee — 2; straighten knee — 3; replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

8. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms backward and place 
left foot backward — 1; swing arms fore-upward and bend right loiee 
— 2; return — 3; bend arms to thrust and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

9. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms backward and stride 
left backward — 1 ; swing arms fore-upward and bend trunk back- 
ward — 2 ; return — 3 ; bend arms to thrust and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

10. Breathing: — From arms raised to chest (finger-tips touch- 
ing, elbows pointing sideward), fling arms sideward and inhale. Ee- 
turn and exhale. Repeat. 



59 



LESSON VIII. 



PREPAKATORY COMMANDS. 

Raise arms to strike and head left — turn! Lower arms and head — return! 
Bend arms to thrust and left forward — stride! Lower arms and foot — 
replace! Hands on hips — place! Left knee upward — raise! Left foot 
sideward — place! Knee — raise! Foot — replace! Bend arms to thrust 
and left (right) sideward — lunge! Thrust arms backward and trunk 
left- — turn! Bend arms and trunk — return! Lower arms and foot — 
replace! 

1. Raise arms to strike and turn head left — 
1 ; lower arms and return head — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
(See plate 20.) 

2. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms up- 
ward — 1 ; lower arms sideward — 2 ; raise upward 
— 3 ; bend to thrust — 4. 

3. Arms in rear (fold). Raise left knee up- 
ward — 1 ; place left foot sideward — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms 
upward and raise left knee upward — 1 ; lower arms 
sideward and place left foot sideward — 2; return 
— 3; bend arms to thrust and replace foot — 4. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and stride left 
forward — 1 ; thrust arms upward and turn 
trunk left — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and re- 
place foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms 
; , /'* upward — 1 ; swing sideward backward — 2 ; re- 

//^ turn — 3; bend to thrust — 4. 

^, 1 7. Hands behind neck (place). Raise 

■■[^fl^^ left laiee upward — 1 ; place left foot backward 
J^^B^^^ — 2 ', return — ^3 ; replace foot — 4. The same 
^^^W^^^w 8- Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms 

^^^^ ^W Same exercise, right. 
W. ^^ exercise, right, 

^r. ^^^ upward and raise left knee upward — 1 ; swing 

arms side-backward and place left foot back- 
ward — 2 ; return — 3 ; bend arms to thrust and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 
9. Bend arms to thrust and hmge left sideward — 1 ; thrust arm? 




(Plate 20) 

Raise arms to strike 

and turn head left. 




(Plate 21) 

( fiYom lunge position left 
sideward, arms bent to 
thrust) ; thrust arms back- 
ward, and turn trunk left. 



60 

backward and turn trunk left — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise, right. (See plate 21.) 

10. Breathing: — Hands on shoulders (elbows forward) — ^place! 
Move elbows sideward and inhale. Move forward and exhale. Eepeat. 



LESSON IX. 



PEEPAEATORT COMMANDS. 



Hands on hips — place! Head forward — lower! Head backward — bend! 
Head — raise! Knees — ^bend! Knees — straighten! Left backward — 
stride! Foot — replace! 

1. Hands in rear (grasp). Lower head forward — 1; backward 
— 2; return — 3; raise head — 4. 

2. Clinch hands and swing arms forward — 1 ; swing backward — 
2; swing forward — 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place) . Bend Icnees — 1 ; straighten knees 
—2. 

4. Clinch hands and swing arms forward and bend knees — 1 ; 
swing arms backward and straighten knees — 2 ; swing forward and 
bend knees — 3 ; lower arms and straighten knees — 4. 

5. Clinch hands and swing arms forward, and lower trunk for- 
ward — 1 ; swing arms backward and bend trunk backward — 2 ; re- 
turn — 3; lower arms and raise trunk — 4. 

6. Clinch hands and swing arms fore-upward — 1 ; swing back- 
ward — 2 ; upward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place) . Else on toes — 1 ; lower heels — -2. 

8. Clinch hands, swing arms f oreupward and rise on toes — 1 ; 
swing arms backward and lower heels — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and 
heels — 4. 

9. Left backward (stride). Swing arms fore-upward and bend 
trunk backward — 1 ; lower trunk forward and swing arms backward 
— 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and raise trunk — 4. 

10. Breathing: — Eaise arms sideward, rise on toes and inhale. 
Lower arms and heels and exhale. Eepeat. 



61 
LESSON X. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! Left sideward — lunge! Position of knees — change! 
Change! Foot — replace! Trunk left — ^bend! Trunk right — turn! 
Ee-turn! Trunk — straighten! Trunk right — bend! Trunk right — 
turn! Ee-turn! Trunk — straighten! Left forward — lunge! Position 
of knees — change! Change! Foot — replace! 

1. a. Hands on hips (place) . Lower head left — 1 ; raise 

head — -2 ; right, 3 and 4. 
b. Turn head left — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Eaise arms to strike — 1 ; strike sideward — 2 ; bend to strike — 
3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Arms in rear (fold) . Lunge left sideward — 1; change posi- 
tion of knees — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

4. Eaise arms to strike and lunge left sideward — 1 ; strike arms 
sideward and change position of knees — 2; return — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms to strike and left sideward (stride). Bend trunk 
•; ft — 1 ; turn trunk right — 2 ; return — 3 ; straighten trunk — 4. Eight, 

5 to 8. 

6. Eaise arms to strike — 1; strike backward — 2; bend to strike 
— 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Lunge left forward — 1; change 
position of knees — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exer- 
cise, right. 

8. Eaise arms to strike and lunge left forward — 1 ; strike back- 
ward and change position of knees — 2; return — 3; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

9. Left forward (stride). Eaise arms to strike and bend trunk 
left — 1; strike arms sideward and turn trunk left — 2; return — 3; 
lower arms and straighten trunk — 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Breathing: — Slowly raise arms sideward, lower head back- 
ward and inliale. Ijower arms side-downward, raise head and exhale. 
Eepeat. 



Seventh Grade 



LESSON I. 



PREPARATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND — OTHERS BY COUNTING. 





Arms forward — raise! Hands on hips — place! Arms forward — straighten! 
Arms — lower! Hands behind neck — place! Left foot forward — place! 
Place foot backward and bend right knee — place! To first position — 
return! Foot — replace! Arms — lower! The same right. 

1. Hands on hips (place). Lower head 
forward — 1 ; raise head — 2 ; lower head back- 
ward — 3; raise head — 4. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; place hands 
on hips — 2; straighten arms forward — 3; lower 
arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left 
foot forward — 1 ; place left foot backward — 2 ; 
place foot forward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Per- 
form alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Arms in rear (fold). Rise on toes — 
1 ; lower heels — 2 ; lower trunk forward — 3 ; 

4. 

6. Raise arms fore-npward — 1 ; place 
hands on hips — 2 ; straighten arms upward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands behind neck (place). Place left foot forward — 1; 
place left foot baclcward and bend right knee — 2 ; return to first posi- 
tion — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Hands behind neck (place). Bend knees — 1; straighten 
knees — 2 ; lower trunk fore-downward — 3 ; straighten trunk — 4. ( See 
plate 22.) 

10. Bend arms to thrust and on place — run ! 
Breathing. 



(Plate 22) 
(Hands behind neck, knees 
bent) ; straighten knees raisC trunk 
and lower trunk fore 

downward. 



63 

LESSOK 11. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 



Arms sideward — raise! Hands on hips — place! Arms sideward — straighten ! 
Arms — lower! Hands behind neck — place! The left foot sideward — 
place! Cross the foot backward and the right knee — bend! To first 
position — return! Foot — replace! Arms — lower! 

1. Hands on hips (place). Lower head left 
■ — 1 ; raise head — 2 ; lower head right^S ; raise 
head — 4. 

2. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; place hands on 
hips — 2 ; straighten arms sideward — 3 ; lower arms 
—4. 

3. Arms in rear (fold). Place left foot 
sideward — 1; cross foot backward — 2; place foot 
sideward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Perform alter- 
nately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Hands on hips (place). Bend knees — 1; 
straighten knees — 2 ; bend trunk left — -3 ; 
straighten trunk — 4. Perform alternately left 
and right. 

6. Eaise arms side-upward — 1 ; place hands on hips — 2 ; 
straighten arms upward — 3 ; lower arms side-downward — 4. 

7. Hands behind neck (place). Place left foot sideward — 1; 
cross foot backward and bend right knee — 2 ; return to first position — 
3 ; replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. (See plate 23.) 

9. Hands behind neck (place). Else on toes — 1; lower heels — 
2 ; bend trunk left — 3 ; straighten trunk — 4. 
left and right. 

10. Hands on hips (place), 
return — 2. 

Breathing. 




(Plate 23) 
Habds on hips, cross 
left foot backward, 
and bend right knee. 



Perform alternately 
Hop to side-stride position — 1 ; 




C4 
LESSON III. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Arms backward — raise! Arms to thrust — bend! Arms backward — thrust! 
Arms — lower! Arms in rear — fold! The left foot backward — place! 
Place foot forward and the right knee — bend! To first position — re- 
turn! Foot — replace! Arms — lower! 

^^^ 1- Arms sideward (raise). Lower head 

^r ■ ' backward — 1 ; raise head — 2 ; lower head forward 

— 3 ; raise head — 4. 

^^ 2. Eaise arms backward — 1 ; bend arms to 

^ thrust — 2 ; thrust arms backward — 3 ; lower arms 

3. Hands on shoulders (place). Place left 
foot backward — 1 ; place left foot forward — 2 ; 
place backward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Perform al- 
ternatel^y left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Hands behind neck (place). Eise on 
toes — 1 ; lower heels — 2 ; bend trunk backward — 3 ; 
straighten trunk- — 4. 

(Plate 24) '=' 

Beud arms to thrust, g_ Eaisc arms fore-upAvard — 1: bend arms to 

place left foot forward, ^^ ' 

and bend right knee, tlirust — 2 ; thrust amis upward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Arms in rear (fold). Place left foot backward — 1; place 
;left foot forward and bend right knee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. (See plate 24.) 

9. Arms in rear (fold). Bend knees — 1; straighten knees — 2; 
bend trunk backward — 3 ; straighten trunk — 4. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop on left (right) foot, raising 
right (left) knee — begin ! 

Breathing. 

LESSON IV. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Arms (both) left sideward — raise! Arms to thrust — bend! Arms left side- 
ward — thrust! Arms — lower! Hands on hips — place! The left foot 
sideward — raise! Cross foot backward and the right knee — bend! To 
first position — return! Foot — replace! Arms — lower! 

1. Arms sideward (palms upward), (raise). Turn head left — 
1 ; return head — 2 ; turn head right — 3 ; return head — 4. 

2. Eaise both arms left sideward — 1 ; bend arms to thrust — 2 ; 
thrust both arms left sideward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. Perform alter- 
nately left and right. 



65 



3. Hands on hips (place.) Eaise left foot sideward — 1; cross 
left foot backward^ — 2 ; raise sideward — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Perform 
alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Arms to thrust (bend). Bend knees — 1; straighten knees — 
2 ; turn trunk left — 3 ; return trunk — 4. Perform the trunk exercise 
alternately left and right. 

6. Eaise both arms left side-upward — 1 ; bend arms to thrust^ 
2 ; thrust arms upward — 3 ; lower arms left side-downward — 4. 
Perform alternately left and right. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Raise left foot sideward — 1; cross 
left foot backward and bend right knee — 2 ; return to first position — '3 ; 
replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Arms in rear (fold). Else on toes — 1; lower heels — 2; turn 
trunk left — 3 ; return trunk — 4. Perform trunk exercise alternately 
left and right. 

■ 10. Arms in rear (fold). Hop on left (right) foot, raising 
right (left) heel backward — begin! 
Breathing. 

LESSON Y. 

PREPARATOKY COMMANDS. 
Arms forward- — raise! Arms to strike — bend! Arms forward — strike! 
Arms — lower! Hands on shoulders — place! The left knee sideward — 
raise! Knee sideward — straighten! To first position — return! Foot — 
replace! Arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms forward and lower 
head forward — 1 ; move arms sideward 
and lower head backward — 2; return 
to first position — 3 ; lower arms and raise 
head — 4. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; bend 
arms to strike — 2; strike arms forward 
— 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Eaise 
left knee upward — 1 ; straighten leg for- 
ward — 2 ; bend loiee — 3 ; replace foot — 4. 
Perform alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 
Stride left forward and raise arms forward — 1; bend left 




(Plate 25) 
Raise arms and left knee side- 
ward. 



GG 

knee;, lower trunk forward and bend arms to strike — 2; return to 
first position — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4; perform left 
and right alternately. 

6. Raise arms sideward — 1 ; bend arms to strike — 2 ; strike 
arms sideward — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on shoulders (jAsice). Raise left knee sideward — 1; 
straighten left knee sideward — 2 ; bend knee — 3 ; replace foot — 4. 
I'erform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. (See plate 25.) 

9. Lunge left forward and raise arms sideward — 1 ; lower trunk 
forward and bend arms to strike — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. Perform the foot exercise alternately 
left and right. 

10. Hands behind neck (place). Hop on left (right) foot, 
raising right (left) leg forward — begin! 

Breatbing. 

LESSOK VI. 

PREPARATOEY COMMANDS. 
Hands on hips — place! On shoulders — place! On hips — place! Arms — 
lower! Hands on hips — place! The left foot sideward — place! Left 
sideward — lunge! To first position — ^return! Foot — replace! Arms — ■ 
lower! 

1. Arms side-upward (raise). Lower arms sideward and bend 
head left. — 1 ; raise arms upward and raise head — 2 ; lower arms side- 
ward and bend head right — 3 ; raise arms upward and raise liead — 4. 

2. Place hands on hips — 1 ; on shoulders — 2 ; on hips — 3 ; lower 
arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot sideward — 1; lunge 
left sideward — 2; return to first position — 3; replace foot — 4. Per- 
forui alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Stride left sideward and place hands on hips — 1; bend left 
knee, bend trunk left and place bands on shoulders — 2; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. Perform alter- 
nately left and right. 

6. Place hands on bips — 1 ; straighten arms sideward — 2 ; re- 
turn to hips — 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Arms in rear (fold). Raise left foot sideward — 1; hmge 
left sideward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Per- 
form alternately left and rigbt. 



67 



8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Limge left sideward and place hands on hips — 1; bend trunk 
left and straighten arms sideward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop on left foot raising right leg 
forward ; hop on right foot raising left leg baclnvard — begin ! 

Breathing. 

LESSON VII. 

PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 
Hands on hips — place! Arms backward — straighten! On hips — place! 
Arms — lower! Hands behind the neck — place! The left foot back- 
ward — raise! Left backward — lunge! To first position — return! 
Foot — replace! Arms — lower! 

• 1. Hands in rear (grasp). Bend arms 

(hands touch lower end of shoulder blades) — 1; 
^ bend head backward — 2 ; raise head — 3 ; lower 

A arms (hands remain grasped) — 4. 

2. Place hands on hips — 1 ; straighten 
•^^^ arms backward — 2 ; place hands on hi|)s — 3 ; 

^"^^^^ lower arms — 4. 

^^^^^ 3. Hands on hips (place). Place left 

^^^^^ foot backward — 1 ; lunge left backward — 2 ; re- 

^w^^ turn to first position — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Per- 

M ^^ form alternately left and right. 

«9^ 4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Stride left backward and place hands 
on hips — 1 ; straighten arms baclvward, bend left 
knee and bend trunk backward — 2 ; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. Perform foot 
exercise alternately left and riglit. (See plate 26.) 

6. Place hands on hips — 1; straighten arms upward — 2; place 
bands on hips — 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands behind neck (place). Eaise left foot backward — 1; 
lunge left backward — 3; return to first position — 3; replace foot — 4. 
Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Lunge left backward and place hands on bips — 1 ; bend ti'uuk 
backward and straighten arms up^fard — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. Perform the foot exercise alter- 
nately left and right. 



(Plate 20) 
(Sti-ule left backward and 
place hands ou hips. ) 
Straighten arms backward, 
bend left knee, and bend 
trunk backward. 



68 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop to cross-stride left forward — 
1 ; right forward — 2 ; continually — begin ! 
Breathing. 

LESSOF VIII. 

PEEPARATOKT COMMANDS. 
Arms to thrust — bend! Arms upward — thrust! To thrust — bend! Arms — 
lower! Hands behind neck — place! The left foot backward-crosswise — 
raise! Left sideward — lunge! To first position — return! Foot — re- 
place! Arms — lower! 

1. Arms upward (raise). Lower arms sideward (palms up) 
and turn head left — 1 ; raise arms upward and return head — 2 ; lower 
arms sideward and turn head right — 3 ; raise arms upward and return 
head — 4. 

2. Bend aims to thrust — 1 ; thrust arms upward — 2 ; bend to 
thrust — 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Cross left foot backward — 1; lunge 
left sideward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Per- 
form alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and stride left sideward — 1 ; turn trunk 
left and thrust arms upward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

6. Bend arms to thrust — 1 ; thrust arms baclvward — 2 ; bend to 
thrust — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands behind neck (place). Eaise left foot backward cross- 
wise — 1 ; lunge left sideward — 2 ; return to first ^Dosition — 3 ; replace 
foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Bend arms to thrust and lunge left sideward — 1 ; turn trunk 
left and thrust arms backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Bend knees deeply — begin! 
Breathing. 

LESSON IX. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Arms to thrust — beud! Arms upward — thrust! To thrust — bend! Arms — 
lower! Hands behind neck — place! The left foot backward-crosswise — 
raise! Left sideward — lunge! To first position — return! Foot — re- 
place! Arms — lower! 



69 

1. Fold arms in rear and head forward (lower). Circle head 
to the left — 1 ; backward — 2 ; to the right — 3 ; forward — 4. Perform 
alternately left and right. 

2. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms forward — 1; move 
arms sideward — 2 ; move forward — 3 ; bend arms to thrust — 4. 

3. PTands on hips (place). Cross left foot backward — 1; hmge 
left forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3; replace foot — 4. Per- 
form alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and left forward (lunge). Thrust arms 
forward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; move arms sideward and bend 
trunk backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; bend arms to thrust 
and raise trunk — 4. 

6. Arms to thrust (bend). Thrust arms forward — 1; move 
arms upward — 2 ; lower arms forward — 3 ; bend arms to thrust — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Cross left foot forward — 1; lunge 
left backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Per- 
form alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Bend arms to thrust and left backward (lunge). Thrust 
arms forward and lower trunk forward — 1 ; move arms upward and 
bend trunk backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; bend arms to 
thrust and raise trunk — 4. Perform the foot exercise alternately left 
and right. 

10. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten left arm side- 
ward and place left foot sideward — 1 ; hop and change position of 
arms and feet — 2. 

Breathing. 

LESSON X. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms to strike — raise! Arms sideward — strike! Arms backward — move! 
Arms to strike — raise! Arms — lower! Hands on shoulders — place! 
Left backward — lunge! To first position — return! Foot — replace! 
Arms — ^lower! 

1. Amis in rear (fold). Bend liead left — 1: turn head i-iuht 
— 2; return head — 3; raise head — 4. Perform alternately left ami 
right. 

2. Arms to strike (raise). Strike arms sideward — 1; move 



70 

arms backAYard — 3; return to first position — 3; bend arms to strike 
—4. 

3. Hands behind neck (place). Limge left sideward — 1; 
change position of knees — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; rejalaee 
foot — 1. Perform alternately left and right. 

4. Combine exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Eaise arms to strike and left sideward (lunge). Strike 
arms sideward and bend trunk left — 1 ; move arms backward and 
turn trunk left — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; bend arms to strike 
and straighten trunk — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

6. Arms to strike (raise). Strike arms sideward — 1; move 
arms upward — 2; return to first position — 3; bend arms to strike — 4. 

7. Hands on shoulders (place). Lnnge left backward — -1 : 
change position of knees — 2; return to first position — 3; replace 
foot — 4. Perform alternately left and right. 

8. Combine exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Arms to strike (raise). Strike arms sideward and bend 
trunk left — 1 ; move arms upward and turn trunk right — 2 ; return 
to first position — 3 ; bend arms to strike and straighten trunk — ^4. 
Perform alternately left and right. 

10. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten left arm upward 
and place left foot forward — 1 ; change position of hands and feet — 2. 

Breathing. 



Eighth Grade 



LESSON I. 

PKEPARATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND OTHERS BY COUNTING. 

Hands on hips — place! Left foot forward — place! Move the left foot 
sideward and the right knee — bend! Straighten the right knee and 
the left foot forward — move! Foot — replace! Straighten the arms 
upward and the trunk backward — bend! Straighten the trunk and the 
arms — lower! 

1. a. Hands on hip.s (]ilaee). Lower head forward — 1; lower 

head back ward — 2. 
b. Bend head left^ — 1 ; bend bead right — 2. 

2. Raise arms forward — 1 ; move sideward — 2 ; move forward — 
3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Arms in rear (fold). Place left foot forward — 1; move left 
foot sideward and bend right laiee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Raise arms forward and rise on toes — 1 ; move arms side- 
ward, lower heels and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return to first posi- 
tion — 3 ; lower arms and heels — 4. 

6. Raise arms forward — 1; raise upward — 2; lower forward — 3; 
lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot forward — 1; place 
left foot backward and bend right knee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercis(>s 6 and 7. 

9. Raise arms forward and bend knees — 1 ; straighten arms up- 
ward, straighten the knees and l)end trunk backward — 2; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms and straighten knees — 4. 

10. Bend arms to thrust and on place — run! 
Breathino-. 



73 
LESSON II. 

PKEPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands on hips — place! The knees — bend! Straighten the knees and the 
left foot forward — place! Eeplace the left foot and the knees — bend! 
Knees — straighten! On toes — rise! Lower heels and the right foot 
sideward- — place! Eeplace the foot and on toes — rise! Heels and 
arms — lower! Arms to thrust — bend! Thrust arms sideward and trunk 
left — bend! Straighten trunk and arms — lower! 

1. a. Hands on shoulders (place). Turn head to the left — 1; 

turn head to the right — 2. 
b. Lower head forward — 1 ; bend head backward — 2. 

2. Bend arms to thrust — 1; thrust arms forward — 2; bend to 
thrust — 3; lower arms- — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Bend the knees — 1; straighten 
knees and place left foot forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
straighten knees — 4. The same exercise;, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Bend arms to thrust and raise left foot forward — 1 ; replace 
foot, thrust arms forward and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

6. Bend arms to thrust— 1 ; thrust arms sideward — 2 ; bend 
arms to thrust — 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Eise on toes — 1; lower heels and 
place left foot sideward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower heels 
■ — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Bend arms to thrust and raise left foot sideward — 1 ; thrust 
arms sideward, replace foot and bend trunk left — 2; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop to side-stride position — 1; 
return — 2. 

Breathinff. 



rs 

LESSON III. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Hands behind the neck — place! Left foot forward — place! Left forward — 
lunge! To first position — return! Foot — replace! Left foot forward — 
place! One quarter to the right (on the heels) — turn! Ee-turn! 
Foot — replace! 

1. The head left (lower). Circle the head— 1, 2, 3, 4. The 
same exercise, beginning right. 

3. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; swing down and backward — 2 ; re- 
turn to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot forward — 1; Imige 
left forAvard — 2; return to first position — 3; replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Eaise arms forward and place left foot forward — 1 ; one- 
quarter turn right (on heels), swing arms down and backward, and 
lower trunk forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Raise arms forward — 1 ; raise upward — 2 ; lower forward — 3 ; 
lower arms — 4. 

7. Arms in rear (fold). Place left foot backward — 1; lunge 
left backward — 2; return to first position — 3; replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Eaise arms forward and place left foot forward — 1; one-half 
turn right (on heels), swing arms down and backward and bend trunk 
backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot 
— 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop on left (right) foot, raising 
right (left) knee — begin! 

Breathing. 



74 
LESSON IT. 

PREPAKATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms in rear — fold! Left forward — lunge! Position of knees — cliange! 
Change! Foot — rei^lace! Eight sideward — lunge! Position of knees — 
change! Change! Foot — replace! 

1. Hands on hips (place). Turn head left — 1; 
lower head forward — 2; raise — 3; return — 4. The 
same exercise, right. (See plate 27.) 

2. Place hands on shoulders — 1 ; straighten arms 
forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Arms in rear (fold) . Lunge left forward — 1 ; 
change position of knees — 2 ; change — 3 ; replace foot — 
4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 
2 and 3. 

5. Place hands on shoulders and lunge forward — 
1 ; straighten arms forward, change position of Iniees, 
and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 

(Plate 27) . ^ ' 

Turn head left rififht. 
and lower for- ° 

■^^'■'i- 6. Place hands on shoidders— 1 ; straighten arms 

sideward — 2 ; return— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Lunge left sideward — 1; change 
position of knees — 2 ; change — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same ex- 
ercise, right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Place hands on shoulders and lunge left sideward — 1; 
straighten arms sideward, change position of knees and turn trunk 
left — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 
l"'he same exercise, right. 

10. Arms in rear (fold). Hop on left (right) foot, raising right 
(left) heel backward — begin! 

Breathing. 




75 
LESSON V. 

PKEPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms to thrust — bend! Arms diagonally (left arm obliquely fore-upward, 
right arm backward) — thrust! Eeturn — bend! Left foot forward — 
place! Eight leg backward — raise! To first position — return! Foot — 
replace! Arms— lower! 

ii 1. Hands on shoulders (place). Lower 

. / lioad forward — 1; raise head — 2; bend head 
* backward — 3 ; raise head — 4. 

2. Bend the arms to thrust — 1 ; thrust 
arms diagonal!}^ (left arm obliquely fore- 
upward, right arm backward) — 2 ; return 
— 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, 
vice versa. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Step left 
forward — 1 ; raise right leg backward (bal- 
ance) — 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of 



/t 



(PlatG 28) 

Step left forward, and raise exercisCS 2 and 3. 
arms diagonally, (left arm 

obliquely fore-upward). 5_ g^cp left forward and raise arms 

diagonally (left arm obliquely fore-upward) — 1; bend the trunk for- 
ward, touching toe of left foot with left hand — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. (See plate 28.) 

. 6. Bend arms to thrust — 1 ; thrust arms diagonally (left arm 
obliquely side-upward, right arm obliquely side-downward) — 2; re- 
turn — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, vice versa. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Step left sideward — 1; raise right 

leg sideward .(balance) 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. The same 

exercise, but vice versa. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Step left sideward and raise arms diagonally (left arm 
obliquely side-upward) — 1; bend trunk left, touching toe of left foot 
witli left hand — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

10. Hands behind neck (place). Hop on left (right) foot, 
raising right (left) \eg forward — begin ! 

Breathing. 



76 
LESSON" VI. 

PREPARATOET COMMANDS. 

Hands to chest (knuckles up, finger-tips touch, elbows point sideward, 
shoulder high) — raise! Arms sideward — straighten! Fold arms in 
rear and trunk forward — ^lower! Lower arms and trunk — raise! 

1. Arms in rear (fold). Turn head left — 1; return — 2; turn 
head right — 3 ; return — 4. 

2. Eaise hands to chest — 1 ; straighten arms forward — 2 ; re- 
turn — 3; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Place left foot forward — 1; rise on 
toes — 2 ; lower heels — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Place hands on chest and left foot forward — 1 ; fold arms in 
rear and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Eaise hands to chest — 1 ; straighten arms sideward — 2 ; re- 
turn — 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place). Stride left sideward — 1; bend left 
knee — 2; straighten knee — 3; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Place hands on chest and stride left forward — 1 ; fold arms 
in rear and bend trunk backward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop on left foot, raising right 
leg forward ; hop on right foot, raising left leg backward — begin ! 

Breathing. 



LESSON VII. 



PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms sideward-— raise! Upward to cross in front of chest — swing! Eeturn 
— swing! Arms — lower! Hands on hips — place! Left forward — lunge! 
Cross left foot in rear and the right knee — bend! Return — lunge! 
Lower arms and foot — replace! Arms left sideward — raise! Upward 
to the right — swing! Upward to the left — -swing! Arms — lower! 



77 




1. Raise arms sideward and head forward 
(lower). Circle the head beginning left — 1, 2, 3, 
4. The same exercise, right. 

2. Eaise arms sideward — 1; swing upward 
to cross in front of chest — 2; return — 3; lower 
arms — 4. 

3. Hands on shoulders (place). Lunge left 
forward — 1 ; cross left foot in rear and bend right 
knee — 2; return — 3; replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, vice versa. 

4. Combine arm and leg movements of ex- 
ercises 2 and 3. 

5. Eaise arms sideward and lunge left for- 
Avard — 1 ; swing arms upward to cross in front of 
chest; cross left foot in rear bending right kaee 
and bend trunk left — 2; return — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 
(See plate 29.) 

6. Raise both arms left sideward — 1 ; swing upward to the 
right — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on hips (place) . Lunge left sideward — 1 ; cross left 
foot in rear, bending right knee — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, vice versa. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 6 and 7. 

9. Eaise both arms left sideward and lunge left sideward — 1; 
swing arms upward to the right, cross left foot in rear, turn left 
and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Hop to cross-stride left forward — 
1 ; right forward — 2 ; continually — begin ! 

Breathing. 



(Plate 29) 
(From arms raised 
sideward, and lunge 
position left for- 

ward) ; swing arms 
upward to cross in 
front of chest ; cross 
left foot in rear, 
bending right knee, 
and bend trunk left. 



LESSON VIII. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Clinch hands and arms sideward — raise! The right arm downward and 
forward with % turn left (on the heel) — swing! To first position — 
return! Hands on hips — place! Left foot backward — place! One- 
quarter left (on heels) — turn! Ee-turn! Foot — replace! Trunk back- 
ward — bend! Trunk — straighten! Arms — lower! 
1. Hands behind neck (place). Lower head forward — 1; back- 
ward — 2. 



78 

2. Clinch hands and raise arms sideward — 1 ; swing right arm 
downward to position, arms forward, with i/4 turn left on heel — 2 ; 
return — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Step left backward — 1; 1^4 turn 
left on heels — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

4. Combine arm, leg, and turning movements of exercises 2 
and 3. 

5. Clinch hands, raise arms sideward and step left backward — 1 ; 
1/4 turn left on heels, swing arms down and backward and lower trunk 
forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

6. Clinch hands and raise the arms sideward — 1 ; 14 turn left 
on heels and swing the arms downward and upward (cross in front 
of body) — 2; return — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Hands in rear (grasp). Step left backward — 1; 14 turn 
left on heels — 2 ; return — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

8. Combine arm, leg, and turning movements of exercises 6 
and 7. 

9. Clinch hands, raise arms sideward and step left backward — 1 ; 
1/2 turn left on heels, swing arms downward and upward (cross in 
front of body) and bend trunk backward- — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms 
and replace 'foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Hands on hips (place). Bend loiees deeply — begin! 
Breathing. 

LESSON IX. 

PKEPARATOEY COMMANDS. 
Clincli hands and arms backward — swing! Forward to place hands on 
shoulders (elbows point sideward) — swing! Backward — swing! Arms — ■ 
lower! Hands on hips — place! Left forward — lunge! Position of 
knees — change! Change! Foot — replace! Arms — lower! 

1. Hands in rear (grasp). Turn head left and lower forward 
— 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Clinch hands and swing arms backward — 1 ; SAving arms for- 
ward and place hands on shoulders — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Lunge left forward — 1; change 
position of knees — 2 ; change — 3 ; replace foot — 4. Tbe same exercise, 
right. 



79 



4. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises 2 and 3. 

5. Clinch hands, swing arms backward and hinge left forward 
— 1 ; swing arms forward and place hands on shoulders, change posi- 
tion of knees and lower trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Baise arms sideward — 1; fold arms in rear — 2; return — 3; 
lower arms — 4. 

7. Hands on shoulders (place). Lunge left sideward — 1; 
change position of Icaees — 2 ; change — 3 ; replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

8. Combine arm and leg movements of exercises G and 7. 

9. Eaise arms sideward and lunge left sideward — 1 ; fold arms 
in rear, change position of knees and bend trunk right — 2 ; return — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

10. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten left arm sideward 
and j^lace left foot sideward — 1 ; hop and change position of arms 
and feet — 2. 

Breathing. 

LESSON X. 

PREPAEATORT COMMANDS. 
Clinch hands and the left arm to guard the head, right arm backward — 
raise! Position of arms — change! Change! Arms — lower! Arms in 
rear — fold! Left forward — lunge! Turn one-half right (on heels) and 
position of knees — change! To first position — return! Lower arms 
and foot — replace! 

1. Arms in rear (fold). Turn head 

left — 1 ; bend head backward — 2 ; raise — 3 : 

return — 4. The same exercise, right. 

M -^' 2. Clinch hands and raise left arm to 

^k, ^^^'^^k. guard the head, right arm backward — 1 ; 

change position of arms — 2; change — 3; 

The 





arms — 4. 



same exercise, vice 



(riato 30) 
Clinch hands, raise right .arm 
to gnard head, left arm l)ack- 
ward and lunge right forward. 



! ower 
versa. 

3. Hands on hips (place). Lunge 
left forward — 1; i/o turn right (on heels) 
and change position of laiees — 2 ; return — ■ 
3; replace foot — 4. The same exercise, vice 
versa. 

4. Combine arm, leg, and turning 
movements of exercises 2 and 3. 



80 

5. Clinch hands, raise left arm to guard the head, right arm 
backward and lunge left forward — 1 ; % turn right, change position 
of knees, move arms sideward and bend trunk backward — 2 ; return 
— 3; lower arms and face forward — 4. The same exercise, right. 
(See plate 30.) 

6. Clinch hands, raise left arm to guard the head, right arm 
backward with % turn left (on heel) — 1; % turn right and change 
position of arms — 2; return — 3; lower arms and face forward — 4. 
Tlie same exercise, vice versa. 

7. Hands on hips (place). ^4 turn left and lunge left for- 
ward — 1 ; % turn right (on heels) and change position of knees — 2 ; 
return — 3 ; replace foot and face forward — 4. The same exercise, 
vice versa. 

8. Combine arm, leg, and turning movements of exercises 6 
and 7. 

9. Clinch hands, raise left arm to guard the head, right arm 
backward and with ^4 tum left lunge forward — 1 ; % turn right (on 
heels), change position of knees, place hands on shoulders and lower 
trunk forward — 2 ; return — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, vice versa. 

10. Hands on shoulders (place). Straighten the left arm up- 
ward and place left foot forward — 1 ; change position of hands and 
feet— 2. 

Breathing. 



81 



HAND APPARATUS. 

Gymnastics with hand apparatus, wherein the hands are weighted 
with some easily manipulated portable objects, such as wands, dumb 
bells, clubs, reeds, jumping ropes, etc., tend to heighten muscular 
activity and may be classifhed as 

1. Exercises of endurance, depending upon the frequence in 
repetition of a single exercise; 

2. Exercises of strength, depending upon the weight of the ap- 
paratus used; 

3. Exercises of skill, depending upon the manner in which the 
apparatus is used — i. e., winding of the wands, or hand-circles in 
club-swinging ; 

4. Exercises promoting grace and ease of movement, of which 
the club and reed exercises are typical. 

We have introduced into our manuals, chiefly, exercises pro- 
moting grace, skill, and endurance, as such exercises are best suited 
to the bodily development of our growing boys and girls. Control 
and co-ordinative ability, as well as some muscular strength, are 
essential for a successful and satisfactory manipulation of all hand 
apparatus. We therefore restrict this work almost entirely to the 
upper grades. 



Wand Exercises 



The wand is one of the most desirable kinds of hand apparatus 
known in physical training. The results derived from exercising with 
wands are so beneficial, and the space they occupy of so little moment, 
that no school should be without them ; besides, they are easily moved 
from one room into another in a rack large enough to hold seventy 
wands. The wands, turned of hard wood, are somewhat shorter than 
those ordinarily used in the gymnasium on account of the limited 
space between the desks. In selecting the exercises, the limited space 
between the desks and pupils has been taken into consideration, the 
striking of desks being thus avoided. With a little practice the pupils 
will soon attain the required skill, and objectionable noise or touching 
of classmates will cease entirely. 

The movements are to be executed in horizontal directions. An 
excellent exercise to straighten the body and develop the chest is to 
raise the wand over head across shoulder-blades. This exercise may 
be practiced oftener than indicated. 

In distributing wands different methods may be employed. The 
most practical ones are: 

1. The pupils march up and down the aisles through the school 
room. The rack with wands is placed near the first aisle. As the 
pupils pass it, each one takes a wand to a "carry" at the right side, 
lower end of wand resting on forefinger, supported by^thumb and 
middle finger. 

2. The monitor of each file (row) takes as many wands as there 
are pupils in his file and distributes them. Each pupil takes the 
wand in the right hand, a little above the middle, one end on floor. 
At the command "Arise to fundamental position" — "Stand !" all 
stand in the middle of aisles, wand at right side, lower end near toes 
of right foot on floor. 

EXPLANATION OF POSITIONS. 

Fundamental Position. 
Wand at right side of body on floor, lower end near toes of right 



83 

foot. To be held like a penholder by thumb, fore and middle finger 
(knuckles outward). 

Resting Position. 

1. To move from fundamental to resting position, place right 
foot backward (weight of body rests on right foot) and slide right 
hand to upper end of wand and place left hand over right. 

2. Erom the "carry position" take resting position by placing 
the right foot forward (weight of body rests on left foot) and bringing 
the upper end of wand over the left arm, which is bent to a right 
angle in front of body. Eight hand remains at lower end of wand. 

Carry Position. 
Wand is at right shoulder. Lower end rests on right forefinger 
supported by thumb and middle finger. 

COMMANDS. 

Carry — Wand! 

Remark: — From fundamental position: At 1 raise wand with the 
right hand almost to the height of shoulder, and at the same time 
grasp the wand with left hand somewhat above the right hip; 
at 2 lower right hand to end of wand (left hand holds wand) 
and grasp (wand rests on forefinger supported by thumb and 
middle finger) ; and at 3 lower left hand to side. 
Loiver — Wand! 

Remakk: — Eeverse the movements for carry position. 
Carry Wand! 
Loiver Wand to starting position! 

Remark:- — ^From carry position: At 1 raise left arm and grasp 

wand above the right shoulder (knuckles backward) ; at 2 lower 

wand forward to horizontal position in front of body, arms 

straight. 

Another starting position is to bring the wand to a horizontal 

position with bent arms, height of shoulders. 
From the fundamental position (wand at right side of body, lower 
end on fioor) the wand can be raised to the starting position. 
Command : Wand forward to starting position — Draw ! 

Remark: — At 1 grasp with the left hand the upper end of wand 
(knuckles backward) ; at 2 draw wand through right hand to 
horizontal position in front of body. 

SALUTES. 

The salute is a greeting exercise. On special occasions, or in 
presence of visitors, before beginning the exercises, the salute may be 
executed. 

A few different salutes are indicated. 



84 

I. Salute. 
Present — ^A;\'and ! 

Remark: — (Wand in eariy-position right it 1 raise left arm 
and grasp Tvand somewhat below the right shoulder (knuckles 
forward); at 2 move wand forward vertically (arms slightly 
bent); at 3 return wand to right side; and at -4 lower left hand. 

II. Salute. 

Sahite with bending tnnik ! 

Remark: — (Wand in carry-position right) At 1 raise left arm and 
grasp waud somewhat below right shoulder; at 2 lower trunk 
forward; at 3 raise trunk, and at 4 lower left arm. (With 
lowering of trunk the right foot may be placed backward or 
crossed backward.) 

III. Salute. 

Lower wand and salnte ! 

Remark: — At 1 raise left hand and grasp wand as in salutes 1 and 
2; at 2 lower wand to left side; at 3 salute with the right hand 
(by raising the hand as high as forehead — knuckles upward); 
at 4 lower right hand; at 5 raise wand to carry-position rigjit; 
and at 6 lower left arm. 
(This last salute may also be practiced in eight counts: At 1 and 2 
as before; at 3 raise right arm sideward; at 4 raise hand to 
salute; at 5 arm sideward again; at 6 arm down; at 7 carry- 
position right; at 8 lower left arm. But we generally practice 
this salute in 6 counts and lower wand forward to starting 
jiositiou at 7 and 8.) 



STAETING POSITION. 

Wand in front of body, arms straight down (knnckles forward), 
liands a few inches from each end. 

WINDING EXERCISES. 

All winding exercises miist be executed with the reverse-hold. 
From the common hold (knuckles up) change to reverse-hold (palms 
up). Prom this position, wand in front of body, raise wand forward, 
draw left hand toward the chest (wand slides through the right hand) 
twist hand downward, and move wand into the given direction. In 
rewinding, the movement is reversed. 



Fifth Grade 



WAND EXEECISES. 
LESSON I. 

Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND — OTIIERS BY COUNTING. 
Monitors distribute wands. Class — stand! Carry wand — 1, 2, 3! Lower 
wand — 1, 2, 3! In place — rest! Position — stand! Carry wand — 1, 2, 3! 
Wand forward to starting position — lower! 1, 2. Arms (wand across 
chest) — bend! Arms — lower! Arms forward — raise! Arms — lower! 

1. Bend the arms upward (wand across chest) — 1; lower the 
arms — 2. 

2. Like 1^, with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with placing the left and right foot forward alter- 
nately. 

4. Like 1, with lowering head forward. (See plate 31.) 

5. Eaise the arms forward — 1; lower the arms — 2. 

6. Like 6, with bending of knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the left and right foot forward alter- 
nately. 

8. Bend the arms and lower the trunk forward — 1; lower the 
arms and raise the trunk — 2. (See plate 32.) 





(Plate 31) 
Bend arms up- (Plate 32) 

ward, lowering Bend arms, lower trunl 
head forward. forward. 



LESSON II. 

Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 



Take wand from rack while marching, 
starting position — lower! 1, 2. 



(See Drill I.) Wand forward to 



1. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; lower arms — 2. 

2. Like 1^ with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with placing the left and right foot baelvward alter- 
nately. (See plate 33.) - 

4. Like 1, with bending the head backward. 

5. Eaise the wand across shoulder-blades — 1 ; lower the arms — 2. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. (See plate 34.) 

7. Like 5^ with raising the left and right foot backward alter- 
nately. 

8. Like 5, with bending the trunk backward. (See plate 35.) 




(Plate 33) 
Riilso arms upward, plac- 
ing left and right foot 
liacljward alternately. 



■«^'>a 




<Wf" 



4^ 



(Plate 34) 
Raise waud across shoulder- 
blades, bendiug kuees. 




(Plate 35) 

Raise wand across 

shoulder - blades, 

bending trunk 

backward. 




87 

LESSON III. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Monitors distribute wands. Class — stand! Carry wand — 1, 2, 3! Lower 
the wand forward — 1, 2! Carry wand — left! 1, 2. Wand forward — 
lower! 1, 2. Arms sideward to the left (right hand at left shoulder) — 
raise! Arms — lower! Arms sideward left (right hand behind the 
neck) — raise! Arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms sideward left 
(right hand at left shoulder) — 1; 
lower the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 
•"^'^..jib&im^^ 2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 

3. LilvC 1, with placing the left 
and right foot sideward alternately. 

4. Like 1, with bonding the head 
left and right alternately. 

5. Eaise the arms sideward left 
(right hand behind the neck) — 1; 
lower the arms — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the 
knees. 

(I'lati- 3G) 7. Like 5, with raising left and 

Eaisc arms sideward left, right hand *=' 

behind the neck, raising left foot riffht foot sideward alternately. (See 

sideward. ° J \ 

plate 36.) 

8. Like 5, with bending the trunk left and right alternately. 




LESSON IV. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (See Drill II.) Lower wand for- 
ward! 1, 2. The arms forward to right (turn) angles — raise! Arms — 
lower! Repeat vice versa. The left arm forward (right hand at left 
shoulder) — raise! Arms — lower! Repeat vice versa. 

Note: — In raising the arms to right angles (twirling wand), the 
left forearm rests on the right forearm, or vice versa. 

1. Eaise the arms forward to right angles, left arm over riglit — 
1 ; lower the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 



88 



3. Like 1, with crossing the left and right foot forward alter- 
nately. (See plate 37.) 

4. Like 1, with turning the head left and right alternately. 

5. Eaise left arm forward, right hand at left shoulder — 1; 
lower the arm — 3; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the left and right foot forward cross- 
wise alternately. 

8. Like 5, with turning the trunk left and right alternately. 
(See plate 38.) 




(Plate 37) 
Raise arms forward to right 
angles, (twirl wands), left 
over right, with crossing left 
and right foot forward alter- 
nately. 




(Plate 3S) 
Raise left arm forward, right hand 
at left shoiilder, turning trunk left. 



LESSON V. 

Vertical Movements. 



PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Monitors distribute wands. Class — stand! Carry wands! 1, 2, 3. Lower 
wand forward and carry wand left! 1, 2, 3, 4. Lower wand! 1, 2, 3. 
Carry wand! 1, 2, 3. Lower wand forward! 1, 2. The wand vertically 
forward (left hand above) — raise! Arms — -lower! Eepeat vice versa. 
The right hand to left shoulder (left arm remains in position) — ^raise! 
Arms — lower! Eepeat vice versa. 

1. Eaise the wand vertically forward (left hand above) — 1; 
lower the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 



89 



3. Like 1, with lunging forward left and right alternately. 

4. Like 1, with lowering the head forward. (See plate 39.) 

5. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder — 1 ; lower the arm 
— 2; opposite, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with lunging forward left and right alternately. (See 
plate 40.) 

8. Like 5, with lowering the trunk forward. 





(Plate 39) 

Raise wand vert- 

icaUy forward, 

with lowering head 

forward. 



(Plate 40) 

Raise right hand to 

left shoulder, and 

lunge left forward. 



LESSON VI. 
Vertical Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (See Drill III.) Wand forward — 
lower! 1, 2. The right hand to the left shoulder, and the left arm 
upward — raise! Arms — lower! Eepeat vice versa. The right hand to 
the right hip and the left arm upward — raise! Arms — lower! Eepeat 
vice versa. 

1. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder and the left arm 
upward — 1 ; lower arms — 2 ; opposite — 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. (See plate 41.) 

3. Like 1, with lunging forward left and right alternately. 

4. Like 1, with bending the head backward. 

5. Eaise the right hand to the right hip and the left arm up- 
ward — 1 ; lower the arms — 2 ; opposite — 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 



90 



7. Like 5, with lunging baclcward alternately. (See plate 42^ 

8. Like 5, with bending the trunk backward. 




(Plate 41) 
Raise right hand 
to right hip, left 
arm upward, 
lunging left 
backward. 




(Plate 42) 
Raise right hand 
to left shoulder, 
left arm upward, 
with rising on 
toes. 



LESSON VII. 
Oblique Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Monitors distribute wands. Class — stand! Wand forward — lower! 1, 2. 
The left arm forward and the right arm upward — raise! Arms — ^lower! 
Eepeat vice versa. The left arm obliquely fore-upward and the right 
hand to the left shoulder — raise! Arms — lower! Eepeat vice versa. 

1. Eaise the left arm forward and the right arm 
upward — 1 ; lower the arms — 2 ; opposite — 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with lunging forward left and right al- 
ternately. 

4. Like 1, with lowering the head left and right 
alternately. (See plate 43.) 

5. Eaise the left arm obliquely fore-upward and 
the right hand to the left shoulder — 1 ; lower the arms 
— 2; opposite, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with lunging forward left and right al- 
ternately. 

Raise left arm 8. Like 5, with bending the trunk right and left 

forward, right 

arm upward, and alternately. 

lower the head "^ 

left. 





Take wands from 
lower! The 
Arms — lower! 
and the right 
vice versa. 



91 

LESSON VIII. 
Oblique Movements. 

PEEPAKATOKY COMMANDS. 

rack while marching. (See Drill IV.) Wand forward — 

left arm sideward and the right arm upward — raise! 

Eepeat vice versa. The left arm obliquely side-upward 

hand to the left shoulder — raise! Arms — lower! Eepeat 




1. Eaise the left arm sideward and 
the right arm upward — 1 ; Tower the 
arms — 2; opposite, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with lunging sideward 
left and right alternately. ( See plate 44. ) 

4. Like 1, with turning of head left 
and right alternately. 

5. Eaise the left arm obliquely side- 
upward, and the right hand to the left 
shoulder — 1 ; lower the arms — 2 ; oppo 
site, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with lunging sideward 
(Plate 44) ]eft aud right alternately. 

Raise left arm sideward, right " -^ 

arm upward, with lunging left g. Like 5, with turning the trunk 

sideward. " o 

l(^ft and right alternately. 




LESSON IX. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Monitors distribute wands. Class — stand! Carry wand! 1, 2, 3. Lower 
wand forward and carry right! 1, 2, 3, 4. Lower wand to left side! 
1, 2. Carry wand and lower forward! 1, 2. Arms — bend! Forward — 
straighten! Bend! Arms — lower! Arms — bend! Arms upward — 
straighten! Arms — bend! Arms — lower! 
1. Bend the arms — 1; straighten arms forward — 2; bend arms 

— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 



92 




(Plate 45) 

Bend arms and raise 

left knee. 



2. Like 1, with rising on toes and bending the 
knees. 

3. Like 1, with raising the knee and placing 
foot forward^ bending the knee and replacing the 
foot. Left and right alternatel}^ (See plate 45.) 

4. Bend the arms — 1 ; lower the head for- 
ward — 2; raise the head — 3; lower arms — 4. 

5. Like 1, but straighten arms upward. 

6. Like 5, with rising on toes and bending of 
knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the knee and placing 
foot backward. 

8. Like 4, but lower trunk forward. 




LESSON X. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PEEPAEATORT COMMANDS. 
Take wands from rack while marcliing. (See Drill V.) Wand forward- 
lower! Arms forward — raise! Arms to right angles, left over right 
(twirl wand) — bend! Arms forward — straighten! Arms — lower! 
Eepeat vice versa. Arms forward — raise! Sideward left — move! For- 
ward — move! Arms — lower! Eepeat vice versa. 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1; bend arms to right 
angles, left arm over right — 2; straighten arms for- 
^ • ward — 3; lower arms — 4; opposite, 5 to 8. 

^ , i 2. Like 1, with rising on toes and bending the 

knees. 

3. Like 1, with placing left foot forward at 1 ; 
lunging forward at 2; returning, 3 and 4. 

4. Eaise wand across shoulder-blades — 1; 
hend head backward — 2 ; raise the head — 3 ; lower 
the wand— 4. (See plate 46.) 

5. Like 1, but move the arms sideward at 2. 

6. Like 5, with rising on toes and bending the 
knees. 

7. Like 5, with placing the foot forward and 
lunging forward. 

8. Like 5, with bending the trunk backward. 




(Plate 46) 
Raise wand across 
shoulder - blades, 
and bend bead 

backward. 



94 

2. Wind left and raise arms upward — 1 ; unwind and lower 
arms — 2; right;, 3 and 4. 

3. Like 2, with placing the left and right foot backward alter- 
nately. 

4. Eaise the arms upward and lower the head backward — 1; 
lower the arms and raise the head — 2. 

5. Eaise wand across shoulder-blades and bend the knees — 1; 
lower tlie wands and straighten the knees — 2. 

6. Wind left, raise wand across shoulder-blades and bend the 
Icnees — 1 ; unwind, lower arms and straighten knees — 2 ; right, 3 
and 4. 

7. Like 6, but with raising the left and right foot backward 
alternately. 

8. Eaise the arms upward and bend the trunk backward — 1; 
lower tlie arms and straighten the trunk — 2. 

LESSON IIL 
Horizontal Movemxnts — Reverse Hold. ■ 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Wind left and arms sideward left — raise! Unwind and arms — lower! 
Eepeat, winding right. Wind left and arms sideward left, right hand 
behind the neck — raise! Unwind and arms — lower! The same exer- 
cise, right. 

1. Eaise arms sideward left and rise on toes — 1 ; lower arms 
and heels — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Wind left, raise arms sideward left and rise on toes — 1 ; un- 
wind, lower arms and heels — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. Like 2, with placing the left and right foot sideward alter- 
nately. 

4. Like 2, with lowering the head sideward left and right alter- 
nately. 

5. Eaise the arms sideward left, right hand behind the neck — -1 ; 
lower the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

G. Wind left, raise the arms sideward left, right hand behind 
tlic neck, and bend the knees — -1 ; unwind, lower the arms and 
straighten the knees — 2. 

7. Like 6, with raising the left and right foot sideward alter- 
nately. 

8. Like 6, with bending the trunk sideward left and right alter- 
nately. 



Sixth Grade 



WAND EXEECISES. 

LESSON I. 

Horizontal Winding Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PEEPAKATOEY EXEECISES BY COMMAND — OTHEES BY COUNTING. 
Bend arms, wind with left hand and arms — lower! Unwind and arms — 
lower! Eepeat, winding right. Wind with left hand and arms for- 
ward — raise! Unwind and arms — lower! The same, right. 

1. Bend the arms (wand across 
chest) and rise on toes — 1; lower arms 
and heels — 2. 

2. Wind left — 1 ; unwind— 2 ; right, 
3 and 4. 

3. Like 2, with placing the left and 
right foot forward alternately. 

4. Bend the arms (wand across 
chest) and lower the head forward — 1; 
lower the arms and raise the head — 2. 

5. Eaise the arms forward and bend 
the laiees — 1; lower the arms and 
straighten the knees — 2. 

6. Wind left and raise the arms forward — 1 ; unwind and lower 
the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

7. Like 6, with raising the left and right foot forward alter- 
nately. 

8. Eaise the arms forward and lower the trunk forward — 1 ; 
lower arms and raise the trunk — 2. (See plate 47.) 




(Plate 47) 

Raise the arms forward and 

lower the trunk forward. 



LESSON IL 
Horizontal Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PEEPAEATOEY COMMANDS. 
Wind left and arms upward — raise! Unwind and the arms — lower! Eepeat 
winding right. Wind left and wand across shoulder-blades — raise! 
Unwind and the arms — lower! The same exercise, right. 
1. Eaise arms upward and rise on toes — 1 ; lower arms and 
heels — 2. 



95 

LESSON IV. 
Horizontal Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PKEPARATOEY COMMANDS, 

Wind left, raise the left arm forward and the right hand to the left 

shoulder- — raise! Unwind and arms — lower! The same exercise, right. 

Wind left, raise the left arm backward and the right hand to the left 

shoulder — raise! Unwind and arms — Slower! The same exercise, right. 

1. Wind left, raise the left arm forward and the right hand to 

the left shoulder — 1 • unwind and lower the arms — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. Like 1, but rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with crossing the left and right foot forward alter- 
nately. 

4. Bend the arms (wand across chest), and turn the head left 
— 1; lower the arms and return the head — 3; right, 3 and 4. 

5. Wind left, raise the left arm backward (height of shoulder), 
and the right hand to the left shoulder — 1 ; unwind and lower the 
arms — 2; right 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the left and right foot forward crosswise 
alternately. 

8. Bend the arms (wand across chest) and turn the trunk left 
— 1 ; lower the arms and return the trunk — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

LESSON V. 
Vertical Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Wind left and wand vertically forward (right arm above) — raise! Unwind 

J and arms — lower! The same exercise, right. Wind left, 

M raise the left arm upward and the right hand to the left 

^V shoulder — raise! Unwind and arms — lower! The same 

^ exercise, right. 

1. Wind left and raise wand vertically forward 
(right arm above) — 1; unwind and lower arms — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with placing the left (right) foot 
forward and bending the stationary knee. 

4. Bend the arms (wand across chest) and 
lower the head forward — 1 ; lower the arms and raise 
the head — 2. 

(Plate 48) •^ 

Wind left, raise left 5. Wind left, raisc the left arm upward and 

hand to left shoulder, the right hand to the left shoulder — 1; unwind and 

raising left foot for- ° ^ 

ward, bending sta- lower the arms — 2 : right, 3 and 4. 

tionary tnee. j o ' 




96 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the alternate foot forward and bending 
the stationary knee. (See plate 48.) 

8. Raise the arms upward and lower the trunk forward — 1; 
lower the wand and raise the trunk — 2. 



LESSON VI. 
Vertical Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 
Wind left, lower the left arm and the right hand to the left shoulder — 
raise! Unwind and the arms — lower! The same movement, right. 
Wind left, raise the left hand to the left hip and the right arm up- 
ward — raise! Unwind and arms — Slower! The same movement, right. 

1. Wind left, lower the left arm and raise the right hand to the 
left shoulder — 1 ; unwind and lower the arms — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes. 

3. Like 1, with placing the alternate (left) (right) foot back- 
ward and bending the stationar}?- knee. 

4. Raise the arms upward and bend the head backward — -1 ; 
lower the arms and raise the head — 2. 

5. Wind left, raise the left hand to the left hip and the right 
arm upward — 1 ; unwind and lower the arms— 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with raising the alternate (left) (right) foot back- 
ward and bending the stationary knee. 

8. Raise wand across shoulder-blades and bend the trunk back- 
ward — ^1 ; lower the arms and straighten the trunk — 2. 



LESSON VII. 
Oblique Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PREPARATOET COMMANDS. 
Wind left, the left arm forward and the right arm upward — raise! Unwind 
and arms — lower! The same, right. Wind left, the left arm obliquely 
fore-upward and the right hand to the left shoulder — raise! Unwind 
and the arms — lower! 

1. Wind left, raise the left arm forward and the right arm up- 
ward — 1 ; unwind and lower the arms — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Like 1, with rising on the toes. 

3. Like 1, with crossing the left and right foot backward alter- 
nately. 



97 



4. Bend the arms (wand across chest), and bend the head 
left — 1 ; loM^er the arms and raise the head — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

5. Wind left, raise the left arm obliquely fore-upward, and the 
right hand to the left shoulder — 1; unwind and lower the arms — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with crossing the alternate (left) (right) foot back- 
ward and bending the stationary knee. 

8. Eaise the wand across shoulder-blades and bend the trunk 
left — 1 ; lower the arms and straighten the trunk — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 



LESSOR VIIL 
OMique Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PEEPAEATOKY COMMANDS. 

Wind left, the left arm sideward and the right arm upward — raise! Un- 
wind and arms— lower! The same, right. Wind left, the left arm 
obliquely side-upward, and the right hand to the left shoulder — raise! 
Unwind and arms — lower! The same, right. 

1. Wind left, raise the left arm 
sideward and the right arm upward — 1 ; 
unwind and lower arms — 2; right, 3 
and 4. 
2. 
3. 




Like 1, with rising on toes. 
Like 1, with placing the left and 



right foot sideward alternately. 

4. Eaise the wand across shoulder- 
blades and turn the head left — 1; lower 
the arms and return the head — -2; right, 
3 and 4. 

5. Wind left, raise the left arm 
obliquely side-upward, and the right hand 
to the left shoulder — 1 ; unwind and 
lower the arms — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Like 5, with bending the knees. 

7. Like 5, with placing the alternate (left) (right) foot side- 
ward and bending the stationary knee. (See plate 50.) 

8. Eaise the wand across shoulder-blades and turn the trunk 
left — 1 ; lower the arms and return the trunk — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 



(Plato 

Wind left, raise left arm obliquely 

side-upward, right hand to left 

shoulder ; place left foot sideward, 

and bend right knee. 



LESSON IX. 
Horizontal Movements — -Reverse Hold. 

PKEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms upward (wand across chest) — bend! Wind left and arms forward — 
straighten! Unwind and arms — bend! Arms — lower! The sani( 
right. Arms upward — bend! Wind left and arms upward — straighten! 
Unwind and arms — bend! Arms — ^lower! 

1. Bend the arms upward (wand across chest) — 1; wind left 
and straighten the arms forward — 2 ; unwind and bend the arms — 3 ; 
lower arms — 4; right, 5 to 8. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes at 1; bending the knees at 2; 
straightening the knees at 3; and lowering the heels at 4. 

3. Like 1, with striding left (right) forward at 1; rising on 
toes at 2 ; lowering the heels at 3 ; and replacing the foot at 4. 

4. Bend the arms upward — 1 ; turn the trunk left and lower 
head forward — 2; raise the head and return the trunk — 3; lower 
the arms — 4; right, 5 to 8. 

5. Bend the arms — 1 ; wind left and straighten the arms up- 
ward — 2; unwind and bend the arms — 3; lower the arms — 4; right, 
5 to 8. 

6. Like 5, with rising on toes at 1; bending the knees at 2; 
straightening the knees at 3 ; and lowering the heels at 4. 

7. Like 5, with striding left (right) forward at 1; bending 
the left (right) knee at 2; straightening left (right) knee at 3; and 
replacing the foot at 4. 

8. Bend the arms upward — 1 ; turn trunk left and lower trunk 
forward — 2; raise and return trunk — 3; lower the arms — 4. 



99 




LESSOF X. 
Horizontal Movements — Reverse Hold. 

PEEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Arms forward — raise! Wind left and the arms left sideward — move! Un- 
wind and the arms forward — move! Arms — lower! The same, right. 
Arms forward — raise! Wind left and the arms left sideward, right 
hand behind the neck — move! Unwind and the arms forward — move! 
Arms — lower! The same, right. 

1. Eaise the arms forward — 1; wind left 
and move the arms left sideward — 2 ; unwind and 
move the arms forward — 3; lower the arms — 4; 
right; 5 to 8. 

2. Like 1, with rising on toes at 1; bend- 
ing the laiees at 2 ; straightening the knees at 3 ; 
and lowering the heels at 4. 

3. Like 1, with striding left (right) side- 
ward at 1 ; rising on toes at 2 ; lowering the 
heels at 3 ; and replacing the foot at 4. 

4. Eaise the arms upward — 1 ; turn the 
tiunk left and bend the head backward — 2; raise 
the head and return the trunk — 3 ; lower the arms 
— 4; right, 5 to 8. 

5. Eaise the arms forward — 1 ; wind left 
and move the arms left sideward, right hand behind the neck — -2; 
move the arms forward — 3; lower the arms — 4; right, 5 to 8. 

6. Like 5, with rising on toes at 1 ; bending the knees at 2 ; 
straightening the loiees at 3 ; and lowering the heels at 4. 

7. Like 5, with striding left (right) sideward at 1 ; bending 
the left (right) knee at 2; straightening the knee at 3; and re- 
placing the foot at 4. 

8. Eaise the arms upward — 1 ; turn trunk left and bend the 
trunk backward — 2; straighten and return the trunk — 3; lower the 
arms — 4: right, 5 to 8. (See plate 51.) 




(Plate 51) 
Raise the arms up- 
ward, turn left, and 
bend trunk backward. 



Seventh Grade 



WAND EXEECISES. 

LESSON I. 
Horizontal Movements. 

rREPARATOKY EXERCISES BY COMMAND — OTHERS BY COUNTING. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill I.) Lower wand! 1, 2, 3. 
Carry wand! 1, 2, 3. Lower wand forward! 1, 2. Arms upward 
(elbows point downward) — bend! Arms forward — straighten! Arms — 
bend! Arms — ^lower! Arms upward^bend! Upward — straighten! 
Arms — bend! Arms — lower! 

1. Bend arms upward (wand across chest) — 1; straighten arms 
forward — 2 ; bend arms — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms forward and rise 
on toes — 2 ; bend arms and lower heels — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

3. Bend arms upward and place the left foot forward — -1; 
straighten arms forward and place the left foot backward — 2; re- 
turn to first position — 3; lower arms and replace the foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms forward and lower 
head forward — 2 ; raise the head and bend arms — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms upward — 2 ; bend 
arms — 3; lower arms — 4. 

6. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms upward and bend 
the knees — 2; straighten knees and bend arms — 3; lower arms — 4. 

7. Bend arms upward and place the left foot forward — 1; 
straighten arms upward and place left foot backward, bending right 
knee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace the 
foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms upward and lower 
the trunk forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 



101 



LESSON II. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PEEPAEATOEY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill II.) Arms upward — ^bend! 
Wand across shoulder-blades — place! To former position — return! 
Arms — ^lower! Arms upward — bend! Arms left sideward (right hand 
at left shoulder) — move! To bent position — return! Arms — lower! 

1. Bend arms upward — 1 ; place 

wand across shoulder-blades — 2; re- 

,^ turn to first position — 3; lower arms 



mam 



—4. 



(Plate 52) 

(From bent-arm position) ; move 

arms left sideward, and cross left 

foot backward, bending knees. 



2. Bend arms upward and stride 
left forward — 1; place wand across 
shoulder-blades and rise on toes — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exer- 
cise, right. 

3. Bend arms upward and place 
the left foot forward — 1 ; place wand 
across shoulder-blades and cross the 
left foot backward — 2; return to first 
position — 3 ; lower arms and replace 

foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1 ; place wand across shoulder-blades 
and bend head backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms — 4. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1 ; move arms left sideward — 2 ; re- 
turn — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Bend arms upward and stride left forward — 1 ; move arms 
left sideward and bend left laiee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Bend arms upward and place the left foot forward — 1 ; move 
arms left sideward and cross left foot backward, bending knees — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. (See plate 52.) 

8. Bend arras upward — 1; move arms left (rigbt) sideward 
and bend trunk backward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. 



102 




LESSON III. 
Vertical Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill III.) Wand vertically for- 
ward (left arm above) — raise! Left arm upward, right hand to right 
hip — raise! To first position — return! Arms — lower! Eight hand to 
left shoulder — raise! Left arm upward — raise! To first position — 
return ! Arm — lower ! 

1. Eaise wand vertically forward (left arm 
above) — 1; raise the left arm upward and the right 
hand to the right hip — 2; return to the first posi- 
tion — 3; lower arms — 4. 'J'he same exercise vice 
^^ersa. 

2. Eaise wand vertically forward (left arm 
above) — 1; raise the left arm upward, the right 
hand to the right hip, and rise on toes — 2 ; return 
to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exer- 
cise vice versa. 

3. Eaise wand vertically forward and place the 
left foot forward — 1 ; raise the left arm upward, 
right hand to right hip and place the left foot side- 

3; lower arms 
exercise vice 
versa. 

4. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1; raise the 
left arm upward, the right hand to the right hip and 

bend the head right — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 
The same exercise vice versa. 

5. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder — 1 ; raise the left 
arm side-upward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 
The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder — 1 ; raise the left 
arm side-upward and bend the knees — 2; lower left arm to first 
position and straighten — 3; lower right aruii — 4. The same exer- 
cise vice versa. 

7. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder, and place the left 
foot forward — 1 ; raise the left arm side-upward and place the left 
foot sideward, bending the right knee — 2; return to first position 
— 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Eaise the right hand to the left shoulder — 1; raise the left 
arm side-upward and bend trunk right — 2; return to first position — ■ 
3; lower arm — 4. The same exercise vice versa. (See plate 53.) 



Raise right hand to Ward — 2; rctum to first positiou- 

left shoulder, raise ^ , ,, p , , rm 

anci replace the toot — 4. The same 



left arm side-up- 
ward, and bend 
trunk right. 



103 

LESSOK IV. 
Horizontal and Oblique Movements. 

PEEPAEATOEY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill IV.) Arms forward — raise! 
Left arm upward — raise! To first position — return! Arms — lower! 
The same, right. Arms forward — raise! The left arm obliquely fore- 
upward and the right hand to the left shoulder — raise! To first posi- 
tion — return! Arms — lower! The same, right. 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise left arm upward — 2 ; return 
to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

2. Eaise arms forward and stride left forward — 1 ; raise the 
left arm upward, and rise on toes — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace the foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

3. Eaise the arms forward and place the left foot forward — 1 ; 
raise the left arm upward and place the left foot backward — 2; re- 
turn to first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

4. Eaise the anus forward — 1 ; raise the left arm upward and 
turn head right — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The 
same exercise vice versa. 

5. Eaise the arms forward — 1; raise the left arm obliquely 
fore-upward and the right hand to the left shoulder — 2; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Eaise the arms forward and stride left forward — 1 ; raise the 
left arm obliquely fore-upward, the right hand to the left shoulder, 
and bend the left knee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms 
and replace the foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

7. Eaise arms forward and place left foot forward — 1 ; raise 
left anu obliquely fore-upward, right hand to left shoulder and place 
left foot backward, bending right knee — 2 ; return to first position — 
3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise left arm obliquely fore-upward, 
right hand to left shoulder and turn trunk right — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3 ; loAver arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 







104 

LESSON V. 

Vertical and Oilique Movements. 

PREPAEATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill V.) Eight hand to left 
shoulder — raise! Left arm sideward, right arm upward — raise! To 
first position — return! Arm — lower! The same vice versa. Eight 
hand to left shoulder — raise! Left arm obliquely side-upward — raise! 
To first position — return! Arm — lower! The same vice versa. 

1. Raise the right hand to the left 
shoulder — 1; raise the left arm sideward 
and the right arm upward — 2; return to 

^i ' first position — 3; lower arm — i. The 

same exercise vice versa. 

2. Raise the right hand to the left 
shoulder and stride left sideward — 1; 
raise the left arm sideward, the right arm 
upward and rise on toes — 3; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arm and replace 
foot — -i. The same exercise vice versa. 

(Plate 541 (See plate 54.) 

Raise right hand to left shoulder, " ^ ^ 

and stride left sideward. 3, Raisc the right hand to the left 

shoulder and place the left foot sideward — 1 ; raise the left arm. side- 
ward, the right arm upward and cross the left foot backwar(^ — 2; 
return to first position — 3; lower arm and replace foot — 4. 'I"'he 
same exercise vice versa. 

4. Raise the right hand to the left shoulder and lower head 
forward — 1 ; raise the left arm sideward, the right arm upward and 
raise the head — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arm and raise 
the head — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

5. Raise right hand to left shoulder — 1; raise left arm ob- 
liquely side-upward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arm — 4. 
The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Raise right hand to left shoulder and stride left sideward — - 
1; raise left arm obliquely side-upward and bend left knee — 2; re- 
turn to first position — 3; lower arm and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise vice versa. 

7. Raise right hand to left shoulder and place the left foot side- 
ward — 1 ; raise the left arm obliquely side-upward and cross the left 
foot backward, bending Imees — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arm and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 



105 

8. Eaise right hand to left shoulder and lower trunk forward 
— 1 ; raise left arm obliquely side-upward and raise the trunk — 2 ; 
return to first position — 3; lower arm — 4. The same arm exercise 
vice versa. 

LESSON VI. 
Horizontal Movements. (Winding.) 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. Eeverse — hold! Arms upward 
(wand across chest) — bend! Wind left and arms forward — straighten! 
Unwind and arms — bend! Arms — lower! The same, right. Arms — 
bend! Wind left (right) and arms upward — straighten! Unwind and 
arms — bend! Arms — lower! 

1. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left and 
straighten arms forward — 2 ; unwind and bend 
arms — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise, 
right. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
straighten arms forward and rise on toes — 2; 
bend arras and lower heels — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

3. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
straighten arms forAvard and lunge left for- 
ward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Bend arms upward— 1 : Avind left, 

(Plate S.")) . 1 ^ ;> 

(Bena arms upward) ; straifflitcn arms forward and lower head for- 

wind left, straighten arms ° 

upward, andjunge forward ward — 2; retum to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

5. Bend arms upward— 1 ; wind left and straighten upward — 
2 ; unwind and bend arms — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 

6. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten upward and 
bend the knees — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

7. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten arms upward 
and lunge left forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 
4. The same exercise, right. (See plate 55.) 

8. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, raise arms upward and 
lower trunk forward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 




106 

LESSON VII. 

Horizontal Movements. (Winding.) 

PREPAEATORT COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. Eeverse — hold! Arms upward — 
bend! Wind left, place the right hand on the left shoulder and the 
left arm forward — straighten! Unwind and arms — ^bend! Arms — 
lower! Arms — bend! Wind left and the arms left sideward — move! 
Unwind and arms — bend! Arms — Slower! The same, right. 

1. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward and place right hand on left shonlder — 2 ; return to first posi- 
tion — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward, place right hand on left shoulder and rise on toes — 2; return 
to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

3. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward, place right hand on left shoulder and lunge left backward — 2 ; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise 
vice versa. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward, place right hand on left shoulder and lower head forward — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise 
vice versa. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left and move arms left side- 
ward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

6. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and bend knees — 2 ; return to first position— 3 ; lower arms — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

7. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and lunge left backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms 
- — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and bend trunk backward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 



107 

LESSON VIII. 

Vertical Movements. (Winding.) 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill III.) Ee verse — hold! Wand 
vertically forward (left arm above) — raise! Wind left, lower left arm 
and right hand to left shoulder — raise! To first position — return! 
Arms — lower! The same vice versa. Wand vertically forward (left 
arm above) — raise! Wind left, place left hand on left hip and right 
arm upward — raise! To first position — return! Arms — lower! The 
same vice versa. 

1. Eaise wand vertically forward (left arm above) — 1; wind 
left^ lower left arm and raise right hand to left shoulder — -2 ; return 
to first position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

2. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, lower left arm, 
raise right hand to left shoulder and rise on toes — 2; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

3. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, lower left 
arm, raise right hand to left shoulder and lunge left sideward — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice 
versa. 

4. Eaise wand vertically forward — -1 ; wind left, lower left arm, 
raise right hand to left shoulder and bend head left — 2 ; return to 
first position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

5. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, place left 
hand on left hip and raise right arm upward — 2; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, place left hand 
on left hip, raise right arm upward and bend knees — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

7. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, place left 
hand on left hip, raise right arm upward and lunge left sideward — 2 ; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice 
versa. 

8. Eaise wand vertically forward — 1 ; wind left, place left 
hand on left hip, raise right arm upward, and bend trunk left — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice 
versa. 



108 

LESSON IX. 

Horizontal and Oblique Movements. (Winding.) 

PEEPAKATORT COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill IV.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
forward — raise! Wind left and the right arm upward — raise! Unwind 
and right arm forward — ^lower! Arms — lower! The same vice versa. 
Arms forward — raise! Wind left, the left arm obliquely fore-upward 
and right hand to left shoulder — raise! To first position — return! 
Arms — ^lower! The same vice versa. 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left and raise the right arm 
upward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same 
exercise vice versa. 

2. Eaise arms forward and stride left forward — 1 ; wind left, 
raise right arm upward and rise on toes — 2; return to first position 
— 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

3. Eaise arms forward and place left foot forward — 1 ; wind 
left, raise right arm upward and lunge left forward — 2 ; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exer- 
cise vice versa. 

4. Bend arms upward (wand across chest), and turn head left 
— 1 ; lower head forward — 2 ; raise head — 3 ; return head and lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, raise the left arm ob- 
liquel}^ fore-upward and the right hand to left shoulder — 2 ; return to 
first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Eaise arms forward and stride left forward — 1 ; wind left, 
raise left arm obliquely fore-upward, the right hand to left shoulder 
and bend left knee — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

7. Eaise arms forward and place left foot forward — 1 ; wind 
left, raise left arm obliquely fore-upward, right hand to left shoulder 
and lunge left forward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Bend arms upward (wand across chest), and turn trunk left 
- — 1; lower trunk forward — 2; raise trunk — 3; return trunk and 
lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 



109 

LESSON X. 
Vertical and Oblique Movements. (Winding.) 

PREPAEATOKY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill V.) Eeverse — ^hold! Eight 
hand to left shoulder — raise! Wind left, left arm sideward and right 
arm upward — raise! To first position — return! Arms — lower! The 
same vice versa. Eight hand to left shoulder — raise! Wind left and 
left arm obliquely side-upward — raise! To first position — return! Arms 
— lower! The same vice versa. 

1. Eaise right hand to left shoulder — 1; 
wind left, raise the left arm sideward and the 
right arm upward — 2; return to first position 
— 3 ; lower arm — 4. The same exercise vice 
versa. 

2. Eaise right hand to left shoulder and 
stride left sideward — 1 ; wind left, raise the 
left arm sideward, right arm upward and rise 
on toes — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arm and rej^lace foot — 4. The same exercise 
vice versa. 

3. Eaise right hand to left shoulder and 
place the left foot sideward — 1; wind left, 
raise the left arm sideward, right arm upward 

(I'Mte 5G) and lunge left sideward — 2; return to first 

fer-biarsf tur'rhead lefi position— 3 ; lower arm and foot— 4. The 

and lower backward. g^^^-^g exercisC vicC VCrsa. 

4. Eaise wand across shoulder-blades and turn head left — 1 ; 
bend head backward — 2 ; raise head — 3 ; return head and lower arms 
— 4. The same exercise vice versa. (See plate 56.) 

5. Eaise right hand to left shoulder — 1; wind left and raise 
left arm obliquely side-upward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Eaise right hand to left shoulder and stride left sideward — 1 ; 
wind left, raise left arm obliquely side-upward and bend left knee — 3 ; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arm and replace foot — 4. Tlie 
same exercise vice versa. 

7. Eaise right hand to left shoulder and place left foot side- 
ward — 1 ; wind left, raise left arm obliquely side-upward and lunge 
left sideward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arm and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Eaise wand across shoulder-blades and turn trunk left — 1; 
bend trunk backward — 2 ; straighten trunk — 3 ; return trunk and 
lower arms — 4. The same exercise, right. 




Eighth Grade 

WAND EXEECISES. 

LESSON I. 
Horizontal Movements. 

PREPAEATORY EXERCISES BY COMMAND — OTHERS BY COUNTING. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill I.) Arms upward (wand 
across chest) — bend! Arms forward — straighten! Arms — lower! 
Arms upward — bend! Upward — straighten! Arms — Slower! 

1. Bend arms upward (wand across chest) — 1; straighten arms 
forward and rise on toes — 2; bend arras — 3; lower arms and heels 

— 4. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms forward and place 
left (right) foot forward — 2 ; bend arms — 3 ; lower arms and replace 
foot— 4. 

3. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms forward and lunge 
left (right) forward — 2; bend arms — 3; lower arms and replace 
foot— 4. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1; straighten arms forward and lower 
head forward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower the arms — 4. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms upward and rise 
on toes — 2; bend arms — 3; lower arms and heels — 4. 

6. Bend arms upward — 1 ; straighten arms upward and raise 
left (right) foot forward — 2; bend arms — 3; lower arms and re- 
place foot^ — 4. 

7. Bend arms upward — 1; straighten arms upward and lunge 
left (right) forward — 2; bend arms — 3; lower arms and replace 
foot— 4. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1; straighten arms upward and lower 
trunk forward — 2; return to first position — ^3; lower arms — 4. 

LESSON II. 

Horizontal Movements. 

PREPARATOKY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill II.) Arms forward — raise! 

Arms to right angles left over right (twirl wand) — bend! Arms — 

lower! The same vice versa. Arms forward — raise! Wand across 

shoulder-blades — place ! "Wand — -lower ! 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; bend arms to right angles (left over 



Ill 

right) and bend knees — 2; move arms forward — 3; lower arms and 
straighten knees — i. The same vice versa. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; bend arms to right angles and place 
left (right) foot backward — 2; move arms forward — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. 

3. Eaise arms forward — 1; bend arms to right angles and 
lunge left (right) backward — 2; move arms forward — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. 

4. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; bend arms to right angles and bend 
head backward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower arms — 4. 

5. Eaise arms forward — 1; raise wand across shoulder-blades 
and bend knees — 2 ; raise arms forward — 3 ; lower arms and straighten 
knees — 4. 

6. Eaise arms forward — 1; raise wand across shoulder-blades 
and raise left (right) foot backward — 2; raise arms forward — 3; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. 

7. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise wand across shoulder-blades 
and lunge left (right) back^-ard — 2; raise arms forward — 3; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. 

8. Eaise arms forward — 1; raise wand across shoulder-blades 
and bend trunk backward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms- 



LESSON III. 
Horizontal and Vertical Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while inarching. (Drill III.) Arms upward (wand 
across chest) — bend! Lower left arm and right hand to left shoulder — 
move! Arms — lower! The same vice versa. Arms upward — bend! 
Move right hand to left shoulder and the left arm upward — raise! 
Arms — ^lower! The same vice versa. 

1. Bend arms upward — 1; lower left arm, move right hand to 
left shoulder and rise on toes — 2; bend arms upward — 3; lower 
arms and heels — 4. The same vice versa. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; lower left arm, move right hand to 
left shoulder and place left (right) foot sideward — 2; bend arms 
upward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same vice versa. 

3. Bend arms upward — 1; lower left (right) arm, move right 
(left) hand to left (right) shoulder and lunge left (right) side- 
ward — 2; bend arms upward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 



112 

4. Bend arms upward — 1; lower left arm, move right hand to 
left shoulder and bend head left — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1; move right hand to left shoulder, 
raise left arm upward and rise on toes — 2 ; bend arms — 3 ; lower 
arms and heels — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. - Bend arms upward — 1 ; move right hand to left shoulder, 
raise left arm upward and raise left foot sideward — 2 ; bend arms — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

7. Bend arms upward — 1; move right hand to left shoulder, 
raise left arm upward and lunge left sideward — 2; bend arms — 3; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1 ; move right hand to left shoulder, 
raise left arm upward and bend trunk right— 2 ; return to first posi- 
tion — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

LESSON IV. 
Horizontal and Ohlique Movements. 

PREPARATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marcliing. (Drill IV.) Arms forward — raise! 
Left arm upward — raise! Arms — lower! The same, right. Arms for- 
ward — raise! Left arm obliquely fore-upward, right hand to left 
shoulder — raise! Arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms forward — -1 ; raise left arm up- 
ward and bend knees — 2; lower left arm forward — 
3; lower arms and straighten knees — 4. The same 
exercise, right. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1; raise left arm up- 
ward and cross left foot forward — 2 ; lower left arm 

.^^ forward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 

H^ same right. 

^H 3. Raise arms forward — 1; raise left arm up- 

^B ward and lunge left forward— 2; lower left arm 

W forward — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 

^P same, right. 
,T„ . r,^ 4. Raise arms forward — 1 ; raise left arm up- 

(Plate 57) ' ■*■ 

fOTw^d.f"' Ra'ile ward and turn head right — 2; return to first posi- 
f oil-up ™r(j °''"*^ri'|ht tion — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice 

hand to left shoul- 
der and lunge left VCrsa. 
forward. 




113 



5. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise left arm obliquely fore-upward 
and move right hand to left shoulder — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; 
lower arms — 4. The same vice versa. 

6. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; raise left arm obliquely fore-up- 
ward, move right hand to left shoulder and raise left foot, crossing 
forward — 2; return arms to first position — 3; lower arms and re- 
place foot — 4. The same vice versa. 

7. Eaise arms forward — -1; raise left arm obliquely fore-up- 
ward, move right hand to left shoulder and lunge left forward — 2; 
return arms to first position— 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 
The same exercise vice versa. (See plate 57.) 

8. Eaise arms forward — 1; raise left arm obliquely fore-up- 
ward, move right hand to left shoulder and turn trunk right — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice 
versa. 



LESSOR y. 
Horizontal and Oilique Movements. 

PKEPAEATORY COMMANDS. 

Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill V.) Arms upward — raise! 
Left arm sideward (shoulder high) — lower! Arms — lower! The same 
right. Arms upward — raise! Eight hand to left shoulder (left arm 
obliquely side-upward) — lower! Arms — lower! The same, right. 

1. Eaise arms upward — 1; lower 
left arm sideward and bend knees — 2; 
raise left arm upward — 3 ; lower arms and 
straighten knees — 4. The same, right. 

2. Eaise arms upward — 1; lower 
^^^^- -^ left arm sideward and cross left foot 
^^^V backward — 2; raise left arm upward — 3; 
^^m lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 

^^H same exercise, right. 

g^^^K 3. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; lower 

W V left arm sideward and lunge left sideward 

■ — 3 ; raise left arm upward — 3 ; lower 

arms and replace foot — 4. The same, 

(Plate 58) . , , 

(From arms upward) ; lower rigbt right, 
hand to left shoulder, left arm 
obliquely side-downward, and raise 
left foot crosswise backward. 




4. Eaise arms upward- — 1 ; lower left 



114 

arm sideward and bend head left — 3 ; return to first position — 3 ; 

5. Eaise arms upward — 1; lower right hand to left shoulder, 
left arm obliquely side-downward and bend knees — 2; raise arms 
upward — 3; lower arms and straighten knees — 4. The same exer- 
cise vice versa. 

6. Eaise arms upward — 1; lower right hand to left shoulder, 
left arm obliquely side-downward, and raise left foot crosswise back- 
ward — 2; raise arms upward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 
The same exercise vice versa. (See plate 58.) 

7. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; lower right hand to left shoulder, 
left arm obliquely side-downward and lunge left sideward — 2; raise 
arms upward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exer- 
cise vice versa. 

8. Eaise arms upward- — ^1; lower right hand to left shoulder, 
left arm obliquely side-downward and bend trunk right — 2; return 
to first position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

LESSON VI. 

Horizontal Movements (Winding). 

PREPAEATOKY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill I.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
upward — bend! Wind left and arms forward — straighten! Unwind 
and arms — lower! Arms upward — bend! Wind left and arms up- 
ward — straighten! Unwind and arms — lower! 

1. Bend arms upward (wand across chest) — -1; wind left, 
straighten arms forward and rise on toes— 2; unwind and bend arms 
— 3; lower arms and heels — 4. The same exercise, right. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten arms forward 
and place left foot forward — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

3. Bend arms upward — -1; wind left, straighten arms forward 
and lunge left forward — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten arms forward 
and lower head forward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower arms 
— 4. The same, right. 

5. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten arms upward 
and rise on toes — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms and 
heels — 4. The same, right. 

6. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten arms upward 



115 

and raise left foot forward — 2 ; unwind and bend arms — 3 ; lower 
arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise^ right. 

7. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, straighten arms upward 
and lunge left forward — 2; imwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms 
and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten arms upward 
and lower trunk forward — 2 : return to first position — 3 ; lower arms 
— 4. The same exercise, right. 



LBSSOK VII. 
Horizontal Movements (Winding). 

PEEPARATOEY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill II.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
forward — raise! Wind left, the left arm forward, right hand to left 
shoulder — move! Unwind and arms — lower! Arms forward — raise! 
Wind left and arms left sideward (right hand to left shoulder) — move! 
Unwind and arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move left arm forward, 
right hand to left shoulder and bend knees — 2; unwind and move 
arms forward — 3; lower arms and straighten knees — 4. The same 
exercise vice versa. 

2. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move left arm forward, 
right hand to left shoulder and place left foot backward — 2; unwind 
and move arms forward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise vice versa. 

3. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move left arm forward, 
right hand to left shoulder and lunge left backward — 2 ; unwind and 
move arms forward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise vice versa. 

4. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move left arm forward, 
right hand to left shoulder, and bend head backward — 2; return to 
first position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

5. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and bend knees — 2 ; unwind and move arms forward — 3 ; lower arms 
and straighten loiees — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and raise left foot backward — 2 ; unwind and move arms forward — 3 ; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 



116 



and lunge left backward — 2; unwind and move arms forward — 3; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

8. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; wind left, move arms left sideward 
and bend trunk backward — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same, right. 

LESSON VIII. 
Horizontal and Vertical Movements (Winding). 

PEEPAKATORT COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill III.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
upward — raise! Wind left, and wand vertically forward (right arm 
above) — lower! Unwind and arms — lower! Arms upward — ^raise! 
Wind left and left hand to left hip, (right arm upward) — lower! Un- 
wind and arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
lower wand vertically forward (right arm 
above) and rise on toes — 2; unwind and raise 
arms upward — 3; lower arms and heels — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

2. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
lower wand vertically forward and place left 
foot sideward — 2; unwind and raise arms up- 
ward — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. 

3. Eaise arms upward- — 1; wind left, 
lower wand vertically forward and lunge left 
sideward — 2; unwind and raise arms upward 
— 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise, right. (See plate 59.) 

4. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, lower wand vertically for- 
ward and bend head left — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same, right. 

5. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, lower left hand to left 
hip and rise on toes — 2; unwind and raise arms upward — 3; lower 
arms and heels — 4. The same exercise, right. 

6. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, lower left hand to left 
hip and raise left foot sideward — 2; unwind and raise arms upward 
— 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 

7. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, lower left hand to left 
hip and lunge left sideward — 2; unwind and raise arms upward — 3; 
lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same exercise, right. 




(Plate 59) 
(From arms raised up- 
ward) ; wind left, lower 
wand vertically forward, 
and lunge left sideward. 



117 



8. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, lower left hand to left 
hip and bend trunk left — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower arms 
— 4. The same exercise, right. 



% 




LESSON IX. 
Horizontal and Oilique Movements. 

PEEPAEATOEY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill IV.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
upward — bend! Wind left, and the left arm forward, right arm up- 
ward — straighten! Unwind and arms — lower! Arms upward — bend! 
Wind left, move right hand to left shoulder and the left arm obliquely 
fore-upward — straighten! Unwind and arms — lower! 

1. Bend arms upward (wand across 
chest) —1; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward, right arm upward and bend knees — 2; 

\ - X unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms and 
straighten knees — i. The same exercise vice 
versa. 

2. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, 
straighten left arm forward, right arm upward 
and cross left foot forward — 2; unwind and 
bend arms — 3; lower arms and replace foot — i. 
The same exercise vice versa. 

3. Bend arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
straighten left arm forward, right arm upward 
and lunge left forward — 2; unwind and bend 
arms^ — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 
same exercise ^nce versa. 

4. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, straighten left arm for- 
ward, right arm upward and bend head backward — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. (See 
plate 60.) 

5. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, move right hand to left 
shoulder, straighten the left arm obliqueh' fore-upward and bend the 
knees — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms and straighten 
knees — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

6. Bend arms upward— 1; wind left, move right hand to left 
shoulder, straighten left arm obliquely fore-upward and raise left foot 
crosswise forward — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms and 
replace foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 



(Plate GO) 
(From arms bent up- 
ward) ; wind left, 
straighten left arm for- 
ward, right arm upward, 
and bend head backward. 



118 



7. Bend arms upward — 1; wind left, move right hand to left 
shoulder, straighten left arm obliquely fore-upward and lunge left 
forward — 2; unwind and bend arms — 3; lower arms and replace 
foot — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Bend arms upward — 1 ; bend trunk backward — 2 ; straighten 
trunk— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 



LESSON X. 
Horizontal and Oblique Movements (Winding). 

PREPAKATORY COMMANDS. 
Take wand from rack while marching. (Drill V.) Eeverse — hold! Arms 
upward — raise! Wind left and left arm sideward (right arm upward) 
— ^lower! Unwind and arms — ^lower! Arms upward — raise! Wind left, 
move left arm obliquely side-upward and the right hand to the left 
shoulder- — lower! Unwind and arms — lower! 

1. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, 
lower left arm sideward and rise on toes — 2; 
unwind and raise left arm upward — 3 ; lower 
arms and heels — 4. The same exercise, right. 

2. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
lower left arm sideward and cross left foot 

^% backward — 2; unwind and raise left arm up- 
ward — 3 ; lower arms and replace foot — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

3. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, 
lower left arm sideward and lunge left side- 
ward — 2 ; unwind and raise left arm upward 
— 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The 

(Plate 61) same exercise, right. 

(Prom arms raised up- , t-. • -i -. • -i i pj 

ward) ; wind left, move 4. Eaisc arms upward — 1 : wind leit, 

left arm obliquely side- '- 

downward, wand behind lower left arm sidcward and turn head left — 2 ; 

shoulders ; lower right hand ' 

°^" "rf" of °tol*i!'"' ^""^ return to first position— 3 ; lower arms — 4. 
The same exercise, right. 

5. Eaise arms upward — 1 ; wind left, move left arm obliquely 
side-downward (wand behind shoulders), lower right hand over right 
shoulder and rise on toes — 2; unwind and raise arms upward — 3; 
lower arms and heels — 4. The same exercise vice versa. (See 
plate 61.) 

6. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, move left arm obliquely 
side-downward (wand behind shoulders), lower right hand over right 




119 

shoulder, and raise left foot crosswise backward — 2; unwind and 
raise arms upward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 4. The same 
exercise vice versa. 

7. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, move left arm obliquely 
side-downward (wand behind shoulders), lower right hand over right 
shoulder and lunge left sideward — 3; lower arms and replace foot — 
4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Eaise arms upward — 1; wind left, lower left arm obliquely 
side-downward (wand behind shoulders), lower right hand over right 
shoulder and turn trunk left — 2; return to first position — 3; lower 
arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 



Seventh and Eighth Grades 



DUMB-BELL EXERCISES. 

The first five of the following groups have been especially ar- 
ranged for those schools which have but limited space, such as class 
rooms or narrow corridors, in which to practice gymnastics. They 
may, however, also be utilized for work in assembly halls and 
gymnasiums. 

To be practiced in classroom, corridor, assembly hall or gymnasium. 





(Plate 62) 

Raise both hands over 

shoulders, and lower trunk 

forward. 



LESSON I. 
Hands (Bells) on Hips. 

1. Straighten the left arm forw^ard — 1; 
return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Straighten both arms forward and 
rise on toes — 1 ; place hands on hips and lower 
heels — 2. 

3. Eaise left hand over shoulder and 
place the left foot forward — 1; return — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 

4. Eaise both hands over shoulders and 
lower trunk forward — 1; place hands on hips 
and raise trunk — 2. (See plate 62.) 

5. Straighten the left arm sideward — 1; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Straighten both arms sideward and 
bend knees — 1; place hands on hips and 




121 

straighten Icnees — 2. (See plate 63.) 

7. Raise left hand over shoulder 
and the left foot forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. 

8. Raise both hands over shoulders 
and bend trunk baclcw^ard — 1 ; place 
hands on hips and straighten trunk — 2. 

(Plate 63) 

straighten both arms sideward 

and bend knees. 

Note: — In straightening the arms forward, turn knuckles out- 
ward; in raising hands over shoulders, turn knuckles backward. 

LESSOR II. 
Hands (Bells) on Hips. 

1. Straighten the left arm upward — 1; return — 2; right, 3 
and 4. 

2. Straighten both arms upward and rise on toes — 1; return 
—2. 

3. Raise left hand over shoulder and place left foot sideward — 
1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

4. Raise both hands over shoulders and bend trunk left — 1; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

5. Straighten left arm sideward — 1 ; return — 2 ; straighten 
right arm left sideward — 3; return — 4. 

6. Straighten both arms left sideward and bend knees — ^1 ; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

7. Raise left hand over shoulder and the left foot sideward — 1 ; 
return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Raise both hands over shoulders and turn trunl^ left — 1; 
return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 




122 

LESSOR III. 

Arms to Thrust. (See note.) 

1. Thrust left arm forward — 1; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Thrust left arm forward and raise 
left knee — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. Thrust both arms forward and rise 
on toes — 1 ; return — 2. 

4. Place hands (bells) on hips and 
lower trunk forward — 1; return — 2. 

5. Thrust left arm sideward — 1 ; re- 
turn- — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Thrust left arm sideward and raise 
left knee sideward — 1; return — 2; right, 

(Plate 64) 3 and 4. (See plate 64.) 

Thrust left arm sideward, ^ ' 

and raise left knee sideward. 7, Thrust both arms sideward and 

bend knees — 1; return — 2. 

8. Place hands (bells) on hips and bend trunk backward — 1 
return — 2. 

Note: — In thrusting, twist arms, knuckles up. 



LESSON IV. 

Arms to Thrust. 

1. Thrust left arm obliquely fore-upward — 1; return — 2; 
right, 3 and 4. 

2. Thrust left arm obliquely fore-upward and cross the left foot 
forward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

3. Thrust both arms obliquely fore-upward and rise on toes — 1 ; 
return — 2. 

4. Eaise arms upward and bend trunk backward — 1 ; return — 2. 

5. Thrust left arm obliquely side-upward — 1; return — 2; right, 
3 and 4. 

6. Thrust left arm obliquely side-upward and cross the left 
foot backward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

7. Thrust both arms obliquely side-upward and bend laiees — 1 ; 
return — 2. 

8. Place hands on hips and to side-stride position (jump) ; 
turn trunk left — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 



123 

LESSON V. 

Arms to Cut. (See Note.) 

1. Cut left arm forward — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

2. Cut left arm forward and cross left foot backward bending 
knees — 1; return — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

3. Cut both arms forward and lunge left forward — 1 ; return — 
2; right, 3 and 4. 

4. Place hands on hips and to side-stride position (jump). 
Turn trunk left — 1 ; lower trunk forward — 2 ; raise trunk — 3 ; re- 
turn trunk — 4; right, 5 to 8. 

5. Cut left arm sideward — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

6. Cut left arm sideward and cross left foot backward, bending 
Icnees — 1 ; return — 2 ; right, 3 and 4. 

7. Cut both arms sideward and lunge left sideward — 1 ; re- 
turn — 2; right, 3 and 4. 

8. Place hands on hips and to side-stride position (jump). 
Turn trunk left — 1 ; bend trunk backward — 2 ; straighten trunk — 3 ; 
return — 4; right, 5 to 8. 

Note: — In raising arms to cut, tlie hands are raised over tlie 
shoulders, elbows point sideward, bells in the vertical position. 
When cutting forward, turn knuckles outward; when cutting 
sideward, turn knuckles backward. 

DUMB-BELL EXEECISES. 

Seventh and Eighth Gkades. 
Especially arranged for performance in gymnasiums and assembly- 
halls. 
Group I. 

1. a. Swing arms forward — 1; backward — 2; forward — 3; 

lower arms — 4. 

b. Place hands on hips — 5; on shoulders — 6; on hips — 7; 

lower arms — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Repeat "b." 1 to 16. 

2. Like 1, and when swinging arms forward rise on toes; when 
swinging backward lower heels. 

3. Like 1, and while swinging arms forward, place left and 
right foot alternately forward. 

4. Like 1, and when placing hands on 'hips, lower trunk for- 



12-1 



ward; when placing hands on shoulders straighten the trunk. 

5. a. Swing arms fore-upward — 1; backward — 2; fore-up- 

ward — 3; lower arms — 4. 

b. Place hands on hips — 5; on shoulders — 6; on hips — 7; 

lower arms — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 

6. Like 5 and when swinging upward rise on toes ; when swing- 
ing backward lower heels. 

7. Like 5, and while swinging upward raise left and right foot 
alternately forward. 

8. Like 5, and when placing hands on hips bend trunk back- 
ward; when placing hands on shoulders raise the trunk. 



Group II. 

1. a. Swing arms sideward — 1 ; swing 
downward and inward to cross in 
front of chest — 2; swing side- 
ward — 3; lower arms — 4. (See 
plate 65.) 

b. Place hands on hips — 5; straighten 
arms sideward — 6; place hands on 
hips — 7; lower arms — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b.'' 1 to 16. 

2. Like 1, and when swinging arms side- 
,„, ^ ,._, ward bend the knees; when swinging inward 

(Plate Oo) ' o o 

fntafd^r To^rt straighten the knees. 

front of chest. g^ Like 1, and when swinging arms sideward 

raise left and right foot alternately sideward. 

4. Like 1, and when crossing arms in front of chest, bend the 
trunk left (right) ; when straightening arms sideward, straighten 
the trunk. 

5. a. Swing arms side-upward — 1 ; swing downward and in- 

ward to cross in front of chest — 2; swing side-up- 
ward — 3; lower arms — 4. 
b. Place hands on hips — 5; straighten arms sideward — 6; 
place hands on hips — 7; lower arms — 8. 




125 

e. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 

6. Like 5, and when swinging arms side-upward bend the knees; 
when swinging inward straighten the knees. 

7. Like 5, and when swinging arms upward^ raise left and right 
foot alternately sideward. 

8. Like 5, and when placing hands on hips, turn trunk left 
(right) ; when straightening arms sideward, return the trunk. 

Group III. 

1. Eaise arms sideward and inward to clash bells in front of 
chest (elbows point sideward) — 1; straighten arms forward — 2; 
bend arms — 3; lower arms side-downward — L 

2. Like 1, at 2, rise on toes; at 3, lower heels; lower arms — 4. 

3. Like 1, at 2, lunge left forward; at 3, replace the foot; 
lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

4. Like 1, at 2 lower trunk forward; at 3 raise the trunk; 
lower arms — 4. 

5. Eaise arms sideward and inward to clash in front of chest — • 
1; fling arms sideward — 2; bend arms — 3; lower arms side-down- 
ward — 4. (See Kote.) 

6. Like 5, at 2 bend knees; at 3 straighten knees; lower 
arms — 4. 

7. Like 5, at 2 lunge left sideward; at 3, replace the foot; 
lower arms — 4. The same exercise vice versa. 

8. Like 5, at 2 bend the trunk backward; at 3 straighten the 
trunk; lower- arms — 4. 

Note: — Hold bells vertically in front of chest. 

Group IV. 

1. Eaise arms forward — 1 ; move sideward — 2 ; move forward 
— 3; lower arms — 4. 

2. Like 1, with placing the left (right) foot forward at 1; 
raising the foot at 2 ; lowering the foot at 3 ; and replacing foot 
at 4. 

3. Like 1, with striding forward at 1 ; rising on toes at 2 ; 
lowering heels at 3, and replacing the foot at 4. 

4. Lke 1, with lunging left (right) forward at 1; lowering 
trunk forward at 2; raising trunk at 3, and replacing the foot at 4. 



126 

5. Eaise arms sideward — 1 ; raise upward — 2 ; lower sideward 
— 3; lower arms — 4. 

6. Like 5, with placing the left (right) foot sideward at 1; 
raising the foot at 2 ; lowering foot at 3 ; and replacing the foot at 4. 

7. Like 5, with striding left (right) sideward at 1; rising 
on toes at 2; lowering heels at 3; and replacing foot at 4. 

8. Like 5, with lunging left (right) sideward at 1; bending 
the trunk left (right) at 2; straightening the trunk at 3; and re- 
placing the foot at 4. 



Group V. 

1. Swing arms forward and bend arms (bells over shoulders) — 
1 ; swing arms backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; lower 
arms — 4. 

2. Like 1, with placing the left (right) foot forward at 1; 
backward at 2; forward at 3; and replacing the foot at 4. 

3. Like 1, with placing the left (right) foot forward at 1; 
backward with bending of the stationary knee at 2; forward with 
straightening of the knee at 3 ; and replacing the foot at 4. 

4. Like 1, with lunging backward at 1 ; bending the trunk 
backward at 2; straightening the trunk at 3; and replacing foot 
at 4. 

5. Swing arms sideward and bend arms (bells over shoulders) 
— 1 ; swing arms downward to clash bells in rear — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3; lower arms — 4. 

6. Like 5, with placing the left (right) foot sideward at 1; 
crossing backward at 2 ; placing sideward at 3 ; and replacing the 
foot at 4. 

7. Like 5^ with placing the left (right) foot sideward at 
1 ; crossing the foot backward Avith bending of the stationary 
knee at 2; returning to the first position at 3; and replacing the 
foot at 4. 

8. Like 5, with lunging sideward at 1 ; turning the trunk 
left (right) at 2; returning the trunk at 3; and replacing the foot 
at 4. 



Seventh Grade 

INDIAN CLUB EXERCISES WITH ONE CLUB. 



LESSON I. 

Inner Circles. 

1. Small arm circle inward left in two counts^, 
with rising on toes at 1 ; and lowering of heels at 2. 
7 to 8. On the eighth count change club into right 
hand and repeat right, 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, with crossing left (right) foot back- 
ward. 

3. Small arm and lower hand circle left in two 
counts, 1 to 8. On the eighth count change club 
into right hand and repeat right, 9 to 16. 

4. Like 3, but hand circle behind shoulder- 
blades. 

5. Like 3, but large arm and upper hand circle. 

6. Like 3, but large arm and hand circle below 




(Plate 66) 



Starting position j]2 rear 
of clubs. 

7. Small arm circle left — 1 ; grasp base of club in right hand 
and bend arms upward (club in horizontal position across chest) — 2; 
lower trunk forward and raise the trunk continuously from 3 to 8. 
On the eighth count change club into right hand and repeat right, 
9 to 16. 

8. Like 7, but straighten arms upward and bend trunk back- 
ward during the counts 3 to 8, and 11 to 16. 

Note: — While exercising with one arm, the other hand should be 
placed on hip, or arm on small of back. 

LESSON IL 
Outer Circles. 

1. Small arm circle outward left in two counts, with rising on 
toes at 1, and lowering heels at 2. 1 to 8. On the eighth count 
change club into right hand and repeat right, 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, with placing the left (right) foot sideward. 



138 

3. Small arm and lower hand circle left in two counts, 1 to 8. 
On the eighth count change club into right hand and repeat right, 
9 to 16. 

4. Like 3, but hand circle behind shoulder-blades. 

5. Like 3, but large arm and upper hand circle. 

6. Like 3, but large arm and hand circle below in rear. 

7. Small arm circle left — -1 ; grasp base of club in right hand 
below in rear (club is held horizontally) — 2; bend and straighten 
trunk left and right alternately from 3 to 8. On the eighth count 
change club into right hand and repeat right, 9 to 16. 

8. Like 7, but turn the trunk left (right) during the counts 
from 3 to 8, and 11 to 16. 

LESSON III. 
Inner Circles. 

1. a. Four small arm circles left inward, 1 to 4. 

b. One small arm and three lower hand circles, 5 to 8. 

c. Repeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b," 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. Large arm circle left backward — 1 ; lunge left forward (left 
arm obliquely fore-upward )^ — 2; remain in position — 3 and 4; grasp 
club in both hands (right hand grasps base), lower arms and trunk 
forward, raise arms and trunk continuously, 5 to 16, taking two 
counts for each movement. On the last count change club into right 
hand and replace left foot. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. a. Four small arm circles left inward, 1 to 4. 

b. One small arm and three hand circles behind shoulder- 

blades, 5 to 8. 

c. Repeat ^'a." 

d. Repeat "b," 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Large arm circle left forward — 1 ; lunge left backward (left 
arm obliquely back-upward) — 2; remain in position — 3 and 4; grasp 
club in both hands (right hand grasps base), bend arms (club hor- 
izontally behind neck), and bend trunk backward, straighten and 



129 

bend arms (upward) and trunk continuoTisly, 5 to 16, taking two 
counts for each movement. On the last count change chib into right 
hand and replace left foot. 
8. Like 7, but right. 

LESSON IV. 
Inner Circles. 

1. a. Four large arm circles left inward, 1 to 4. 

b. One large arm and three upper hand circles, 5 to 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b," 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. Large arm circle left inward — 1 ; lunge left sideward (left 
arm obliquely side-upward) — 2; remain in position, 3 and 4; grasp 
club in both hands (right hand grasps base), bend trunk left and 
straighten trunk continuously, 5 to 16, taking two counts for each 
movement. On the last count change club into right hand and replace 
left foot. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. a. Four large arm circles left inward, 1 to 4. 

b. One large arm and three hand circles below in rear (or 

two horizontal hand circles forward), 5 to 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b," 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Large arm circle left inward — 1 ; lunge left sideward (left 
arm side-upward) — 2; remain in position, 3 and 4; grasp club in 
both hands, turn trunk left and bend arms (club behind neck), return 
trunk and straigliten arms (upward) continuously, 5 to 16, taking two 
counts for each movement. On the last count change club into right 
hand and replace foot. 

8. Like 7, but right. 

LESSON V. 
Outer Circles. 
1. a. Four small arm circles left outward, 1 to 4. 

b. One small arm and three lower hand circles, 5 to 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 



130 



d. Eepeat ''h." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. a. Straighten left arm forward (right hand on hip), tip 

club on forearm and lunge left forward (remain in 
position), 1 to 4. 
b. Move forearm toward chest, lower trunk forward and 
change position of knees, 5 to 8. 

c. Return to first position, 9 to 12. 

d. Return to starting position, 13 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. a. Four small arm circles left outward, 1 to 4. 

b. One small arm and three hand circles behind shoulder- 

blades, 5 to 8. 

c. Repeat "a." 

d. Repeat "b." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

6. Like 5, but right, 

7. a. Straighten left arm forward, tip club on forearm and 

lunge left backward, 1 to 4. 

b. Move forearm toward chest, bend trunk backward and 

change position of knees, 5 to 8. 

c. Return to first position, 9 to 12. 

d. Return to starting position, 10 to 16. 

On last count change club into right hand. 

8. Like 7, but right, 

LESSON VT. 
Outer Circles. 

1. a. Four large arm circles left outward, 1 to 4. 

b. One large arm and three upper hand circles, 5 to 8. 

c. Repeat "a." 

d. Repeat "b." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. a. Straighten left arm sideward (right hand on hip), tip 

club on forearm and lunge left sideward, 1 to 4. 
b. Move forearm toward chest, bend trunk left and change 
position of knees, 5 to 8. 



131 



c. Eeturn to first position, 9 to 12. 

d. Eeturn to starting position, 13 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. a. Four large arm circles left outward, 1 to 4. 

b. One large arm and three hand circles below in rear (or 
two horizontal hand circles forward), 5 to 8. 

e. Kepeat "''a." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. a. Straighten left arm sideward (right hand on hip), tip 

club on forearm and lunge left sideward, 1 to 4. 

b. Move forearm toward chest, turn trunk left and change 

position of knees, 5 to 8. 

c. Eeturn to first position, 9 to 12. 

d. Eeturn to starting position 13 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

8. Like 7, but right. 



LESSON yii. 

Inner and Outer Circles. 

1. Small arm circle left inward, tip club on forearm (arm side- 
ward), and follow step left sideward with rising on toes, 1 and 2; 
small arm and lower hand circle outward, follow step right sideward, 
3 and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. Small arm circle left inward, tip club on forearm (arm side- 
ward), and follow step left sideward with bending and straightening 
knees, 1 and 2; small arm and hand circle outward behind shoulder- 
blades and follow step right sideward, 3 and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5.. Small arm circle left inward, tip club on forearm and place 
the left foot sideward, 1 and 2 ; large arm and upper hand circle out- 
ward and cross left foot in rear with slightly bending the knees, 3 
and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 



132 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Small arm circle left inward, tip club on forearm and place 
the left foot sideward — 1 ; small arm and hand circle outward below 
in rear and cross the left foot in rear, slightly bending the knees, 3 
and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into the right hand. 

8. Like 7, but right.. 

LESSON VIIL 

Outer and Inner Circles. 

1. Small arm circle left outward, tip club on forearm (arm bent 
in front of chest), and follow step left sideward with rising on toes, 
1 and 2; small arm and lower hand circle inward and follow step 
right sideward, 3 and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

2. Like 1, vice versa. 

3. Small arm circle left outward, tip club on forearm (arm 
bent in front of chest) and follow step left sideward with bending 
and straightening knees, 1 and 2 ; small arm and hand circle inward 
behind shoulder-blades and follow step right sideward, 3 and 4. 
1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, vice versa. 

5. Small arm circle left outward, tip club on forearm and place 
the left foot sideward, 1 and 2 ; large arm and upper hand circle in- 
ward and cross the left foot in rear, slightly bending the knees, 3 and 
4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Small arm circle left outward, tip club on forearm and place 
the left foot sideward — 1 ; small arm and hand circle inward below 
in rear and cross the left foot in rear, slightly bending the knees, 
3 and 4. 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

8. Like 7, but right. 



133 

LESSON IX. 
Inner Circles. 
1. a. Arm and lower hand circle left inward, 1 to 2; hand 
circle behind shoulder-blades — 3; upper hand circle 
-^. 

b. Lower the arm left sideward, tip club on forearm and 

place the left foot forward — 5; move forearm toward 
chest and lower trunk forward — 6 ; move arm sideward 
and raise trunk — 7; return to starting position — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 
3. Like 1, but right. 

3. a. Arm and hand circle inward left below in rear, 1 and 2 ; 

hand circle behind shoulder-blades — 3; upper hand 
circle — i. 

b. Lower the arm left sideward, tip club on forearm and 

place the left foot backward — 5 ; move forearm toward 
chest and bend trunk backward — 6; move arm side- 
ward and straighten trunlc — 7; return to starting 
position — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a.*' 

d. Eepeat ''h." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. Like 1, but at "b" place the left foot sideward and bend 
trunk left. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Like 3, but at "b" cross left foot in rear and turn trunk left. 

8. Like 7, but right. 

23 

LESSON" X. 
Outer Circles. 
1. a. Arm and lower hand circle left outward, 1 and 2 ; hand- 
circle behind shoulder-blades — 3; upper hand circle 

b. Lower the arm right sideward, tip club on forearm (arm 
bent in front of chest), and place the left foot forward 
— 5; move arm left sideward and lower trunk for- 
ward — 6 ; move forearm toward chest and raise trunk 
— 7; return to starting position — 8. 



134 

c. Eepeat "a." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change chib into right hand. 
2. JAke 1, but right. 
;3. a. Arm and hand circle outward left below in rear, 1 and 

2; hand circle behind shoulder-blades — 3; upper 

hand circle — 4. 

b. Lower the arm right sideward, tip club on forearm (arm 

bent in front of chest), and place the left foot back- 
ward — 5; move arm left sideward and bend trunk 
backward — 6 ; move forearm toward chest and 
straighten trunk — 7; return to starting position — 8. 

c. Eepeat "a,." 

d. Eepeat "b." 1 to 16. 

On the last count change club into right hand. 

4. Like 3, but right. 

5. Like 1, but at "b" place the left foot sideward and bend 
trunk left. 

6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Like 3, but at "b" cross left foot in rear and turn trunk left. 

8. Like 7, but right. 



Eighth Grade 

INDIAN CLUB EXEECISES WITH TWO CLUBS. 



LESSON L 






Inner Circles. 

1. a. Small arm circle left in- 
ward, 1 and 2; right, 3 
and 4. Both, 5 to 8. 
b. • Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, adding lower hand circles. 

3. Like 1, adding hand circles back 
of shoulders. 

4. Small arm circle inward, tip 
clubs on forearm (arms horizontally side- 
ward), and follow step left sideward with 
rising on toes, 1 and 2; return, 3 and 4. 
1 to 16. 

5. a. Large arm circle left in- 
ward, 1 and 2; right, 3 and 4. Both, 5 to 8. 

b. Repeat "a," 9 to 16. 

6. Like 5, adding upper hand circles, 

7. Like 5, adding hand circles below in rear. 

8. Small arm circle inward and tip clubs on forearm (arms 
horizontally sideward), 1 and 2; lower trunk forward, 3 and 4; raise 
trunk, 5 and 6; return to starting position, 7 and 8. 1 to 16. (See 
plate 67.) 




(Plate 67) 

Arms horizontally sideward, clubs 

tipped on forearms, and trunk 

lowered forward. 



136 



LESSON 11. 
Outer Circles. 

1. a. Small arm circle left outward^, 1 and 2; 
right, 3 and 4; both, 5 to 8. 

b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, adding lower hand circles. 

3. Like 1, adding hand circles back of 
shoulders. 

4. Small arm circle outward, tip clubs in front 
of chest and follow step left sideward with rising on 
toes, 1 and 2; return, 3 and 4. 

5. a. Large arm circle left outward, 1 and 2 ; 
right, 3 and 4. Both, 5 to 8. 

b. Eepeat '%" 9 to 16. 

6. Like 5, adding upper hand circles. 

7. Like 5, adding hand circles below in rear. 

8. Small arm circle outward and tip clubs in 
front of chest, 1 and 2; bend trunk backward, 3 and 4; straighten 
trunk, 5 and 6; return to starting position, 7 and 8. 1 to 16. (See 
plate 68.) 




(Plate 68) 
Clubs tipped In 
front of chest. 




(Plate 69) 
Lunging position 
left forward, clubs 
tipped on forearm, 
arms raised up- 
ward. 



LESSON in. 
Inner Circles. 

1. a. Small arm and three lower hand circles 

left inward, 1 to 4; right, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat "a,'' 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, with both arms. 

3. a. Three arm circles inward, 1 to 3; tip 

clubs on forearms (arms horizontally 
sideward) — 4; lunge left forward 
and raise arms upward — 5; replace 
foot and lower arms sideward- — 6 ; re- 
peat lunging, 7 and 8. Eeturn clubs 
to starting position on the eighth 
count. (See plate 69.) 
b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

4. a. Three arm circles inward, 1 to 3; tip 

clubs — 4; lunge left forward — 5; 
lower trunk forward and raise arms 



137 

upward — 6; raise trunk and lower arms sideward — 7; 

return to starting position — 8. 
b. Repeat "a," lunging right, 9 to 16. 
.5. a. Large arm, and three upper hand circles left inward, 

1 to 4; right, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

6. Like 5, with both arms. 

7. Like 3, but lunge backward. 

8. Like 4, but lunge backward and bend trunk backward. 

LESSOIST IV. 
Outer Circles. 

1. a. Small arm and three lower hand circles left outward, 1 

to 4; right, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, with both arms. 

3. a. Three arm circles outward, 1 to 3; tip clubs in front 

of chest — 4; lunge left sideward and straighten arms 
sideward — 5; replace foot and bend aims — 6; repeat 
(5 and 6), 7 and 8. Eeturn clubs to starting position 
on the last count. 
b. Eepeat "a" (lunging right sideward), 9 to 16. 

4. a. Three arm circles outward, 1 to 3; tip clubs in front 

of chest — 4; lunge left sideward — 5; bend trunk left 
and straighten arms sideward — 6; straighten trunk 
and bend arms — 7; return to starting position — 8. 
b. Eepeat "a" (lunging right sideward and bending right), 
9 to 16. 

5. a. Large arm and three upper hand circles left outward, 

1 to 4; right, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

6. Like 5, with both arms. 

7. Eepeat exercise 3. 

8. Like 4, but at 6 and 14, turn trunk left and right respectively. 

LESSON V. 
Double Arm Circles. 

1. Double arm circle left, 1 and 2; repeat, 3 to 8; right, 9 to 16. 

2. Double arm circle left — 1 ; turn trunk left and hand circle 
forward (outside the hands) — 2; repeat, 3 to 8; right, 9 to 16. 



138 

3. Three double arm circles left, 1 to 3; % arm circle left to 
side position right and tip clubs — 4; step left sideward — 5; cross 
right foot in rear — 6 ; step left — 7 ; close heels — 8. Eepeat vice versa, 
9 to 16. 

4. Clubs rmder arms (place). Lunge left (right) (alternately) 
forward— 1; lower trunk forward — 3; raise trunk — 3; replace foot 
—4. 1 to 16. 

5. Double arm circle left — 1; lower hand circle — 2; repeat, 
3 to 8. Eight, 9 to 16. 

6. Double arm circle left — 1 ; hand circle back of shoulders — 2 ; 
repeat, 3 to 8; on the last count swing the clubs over to the right 
and continue, right, 9 to 16. 

7. Eepeat exercise 3. 

8. Clubs under arms (place). Lunge left (right) (alternately) 
backward — 1 ; bend trunk backward — 2 ; straighten trunk — 3 ; re- 
place foot — 4. 1 to 16. 

LESSON VI. 
Double Arm Circles. 

1. Large double arm circle left, 1 and 2; repeat 3 to 8; right, 
9 to 16. 

2. Large double arm circle left — 1; upper hand circle — 2; 
repeat, 3 to 8; right, 9 to 16. 

3. Three double arm circles left, 1 to 3; % arm circle left to 
side position right, and tip clubs — 4; step left sideward — 5; cross 
right foot in front and pirouette (4/4 turn left) — 6; step left side- 
ward — 7; close heels — 8. Eight, 9 to 16. 

4. Clubs under arms (place). Step left sideward — 1; cross 
rigbt foot in rear and bend trunk left — 2 ; straighten trunk and place 
right foot sideward — 3; replace left foot — -4. Perform alternately 
left and right. 1 to 16. 

5. % double arm circle left to side position right — 1 ; horizontal 
hand circle to the left — 2; repeat, 3 to 8. Eight, 9 to 16. 

6. Double arm circle left — 1; hand circles below in rear — 2; 
repeat, 3 to 8; right, 9 to 16. 

7. Eepeat exercise 3. 

8. Clubs under arms (place). Step left sideward — 1; cross 
right foot in rear, turn trunk left and lower trunk forward — 2 ; raise 
and return the trunk and place the right foot sideward — 3 ; replace 
the left foot — 4, Perform alternately left and right. 1 to 16. 



139 

LESSON VIL 
Inner Circles. 

1. a. Pour small arm circles inward^ 1 to 4; small arm and 

lower hand circle^, 5 and 6; repeat (5 and. 6)^ 7 and 8. 
b. Eepeat "a/' 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, but hand circles back of shoulders. 1 to 16. 

3. Straighten arms forward, tip clubs on forearms and step 
left forward — 1; place right foot forward and bend left knee — 2; 
return to first position — 3 ; return to starting position — 4. Perform 
alternately left and right. 1 to 16. 

4. Straighten arms obliquely fore-upward and lunge left for- 
ward, 1 and 2; swing arms backward and lower trunk forward, 3 
and 4; return to first position, 5 and 6; return to starting position, 
7 and 8. Eight, 9 to 16. 

5. a. Pour large arm circles inward, 1 to 4; large arm and 

upper hand circles, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat '%" 9 to 16. 

6. Like 5, but hand circles below in rear. 

7. Straighten arms sideward, tip club and step left sideward — 
1 ; cross right foot in rear and bend the knees — 2 ; return to first 
position — 3; return to starting position — 'A. Perform alternately 
left and right. 1 to 16. 

8. Straighten arms obliquely fore-upward and lunge left for- 
ward, 1 and 2; swing arms backward, change position of knees and 
bend trunk backward, 3 and 4 ; return to first position, 5 and 6 ; return 
to starting position, 7 and 8. Eight, 9 to 16. 



LESSON VIII. 

Outer Circles. 

1. a. Pour small arm circles outward, 1 to 4; small arm and 

lower hand circles, 5 to 8. 
b. Eepeat "a," 9 to 16. 

2. Like 1, but hand circles back of shoulders. 

3. Straighten arms forward, tip clubs and step left forward — 1 ; 
raise right foot forward and bend left knee — 2 ; return to first posi- 
tion — 3 ; return to starting position — 4. Perform alternately left 
and right, 1 to 16. 



140 



^^. 




4. Straighten arms obliquely side- 
upward, and lunge left sideward, 1 and 
2 ; swing arms downward to cross in front 
of chest and bend trunk left, 3 and 4; 
( w*, return to first position, 5 and 6 : return 

^^^^ \^ to starting position, 7 and 8. Right, 9 
^^HL ^ to 16. (See plate 70.) 
^^^^^^^^^ 5. a. Four large arm circles out- 

^^^r ^B^ ward, 1 to 4; large arm 

^T m and upper hand circles. 5 

^ ^L to 8. 

^ ^^ b. Repeat "a," 9 to 16. 

6. a. Pour small arm circles out- 
ward, 1 to 4; small arm 
and horizontal hand circles, 5 to 8. 
b. Repeat "a," 9 to 16. 

7. Straighten arms sideward, tip clubs and step left sideward — 
1 ; raise right foot crosswise in rear, and bend left knee — 3 ; return 
to first position — 3; return to starting position — 4. Perform alter- 
nately left and right, 1 to 16. 

8. Straighten arms obliquely side-upM^ard and lunge left side- 
ward, 1 and 2; swing arms backward and turn trunk left, 3 and 4; 
return to first position, 5 and 6 ; return to starting position, 7 and 8, 
Right, 9 to 16. 



(Plate 70) 
(Prom arms obliquely side-up- 
ward, lunging position left side- 
ward) : Swing arms downward to 
cross in front of chest, and bend 

trunk left. 



LESSOK IX. 
Inner and Outer Circles. 

1. Small arm circle inward — 1; lower hand circle — 2; hand 
circle back of shoulders — 3; upper hand circle — 4. 1 to 16. 

2. Like 1, but arm and hand circles outward. 

3. Straighten arms sideward, tip clubs and step left sideward 
— 1 ; cross right foot in rear — 2 ; step left sideward — 3 ; point the 
right foot forward — 4. Repeat vice versa, 5 to 8. 1 to 16. 

4. Straighten aims sideward, tip clubs and lunge left forward 
— 1 ; bend arms inward, change position of knees and loAver trunk 
forward — 2; return to first position — 3; return to starting position 
—4. Right, 5 to 8. 1 to 16. 

5. Small arm circle inward — 1; hand circle below in rear — 2; 
hand circle back of shoulders — 3 ; upper hand circle — 4. 1 to 16. 



141 



6. Like 5, but arm and hand circles outward. (See note.) 

7. Repeat exercise 3. 

8. Straighten anus sideward, tip clubs and lunge left back- 
ward — 1 ; bend arms inward, change position of loiees and bend trunk 
backward — 2 ; return to first position — 3 ; return to starting position 
—4. Eight, 5 to 8. 1 to 16. 

Note: — In this exercise the horizontal hand circles may be prac- 
ticed instead of the hand circles below in rear. 



LESSON X. 
Ihmhle Ai-ni Circles. 




1. Small double arm circle left — 1; 
lower hand circle — 2; hand circle back 
of shoulders — 3; upper hand circle — 4. 
1 to 16. 

2. Like 1, but right. 

3. Sti-aightcn both arms left side- 
ward, tip clubs and step left sideward — 
1 ; move arms to the right and cross right 
foot in rear — 2; move arms to the left 
and step left sideward — 3; point right 
fooi, forward — 4. Repeat vice versa, 
5 to 8. 1 to 16. 

4. Straighten arms left sideward, 
tip clubs and lunge left sideward — 1 ; move arms to the right, change 
position of knees and bend trunk right — 2 ; return to first position — 
3; return to starting position — A. Repeat vice versa, 5 to 8. 1 to 
16. (See plate 71.) 

5. Small double arm circle left — 1; hand circle below in rear 
hand circle back of shoulders — 3; upper hand circle — 4. 1 to 



(I'liilc 71) 
(Arms stralglitcnod loCt sideward, 
clubs tipped on forearm, lunglnK 
position left sideward) ; move arms 
to the right, shaiige position of 
knees, and bend trunk right. 



-2 



16. 



6. Like 5, but right. 

7. Repeat exercise 3. 

8. Straighten arms left sideward, tip clubs and lunge left side- 
ward — 1 ; move arms to the right, change position of knees and turn 
ii'imk left — 2; return to first position — 3; return to starting posi- 
tion — 4. Repeat vice versa, 5 to8. 1 to 16. 



142 

EHYTHMICAL STEPS. 

This form of exercise in its proper sphere^ as only a part of the 
child's bodily training, is invaluable, for it has the tendency to 
strengthen in the child its natural sense of rhythm, besides awakening 
and nourishing a feeling for beauty of form and grace, and ease of 
movement unequaled by any other form of exercise. Yet it is ad- 
visable rather to devote slightly less time to the practice of steps than 
to gymnastic exercises, since it is essential that the body be given, 
besides grace and ease of carriage, skill, endurance, strength, and 
vigor, in such measure that it will be able to successfully combat the 
evils of our ^present environment and sedentary habits of life. 

Rhythmical steps should be practiced in gymnasiums, assembly 
halls, or large corridors, the space in the classrooms being too limited 
for such exercises. In the absence of suitable space the steps may be 
practiced around the room in a circle outside the desks. 

According to space the steps may be practiced in single line or 
in column (ranks 2, 3, 4 or more). In ranks of two (couples) the 
exercise may be executed outward or inward; in ranks of four, 
couples vaaj practice ouhvard or inward. 

A certain position of hands should always be taken. In single 
rank hands may be placed on hips or clasped in rear; in couples, 
inner hands may be joined with arms bent, outer hands on hips or 
arms placed on small of back, or arms may be crossed to a chain either 
in front or rear. 

If a rhythmical step be commanded while the pupils are march- 
ing, the command of execution is given as the pupils step with the 
right foot, and all positions are taken and movements begin with the 
left foot. A change from the rhythmical step to the common or reg- 
ular step is made at the command, — Common (regular) step — march ! 
When wishing to bring the pupils to the stand-still, the command — 
Class — halt !, is used. 

Wlien the various steps outlined for the different grades have 
been mastered, two or more steps may be combined to form a 
"rhythmical sentence." Example : — four gallop-hops left forward, 
four gallop-hops right forward, and eight marching steps forward. 
Many simple and pleasing combinations may be made, yet care must 
be exercised in selecting only such steps for combination as may be 
performed to the same time in music (2/4, 4/4, 3/4, or 6/8). 



143 

RHYTHMICAL STEPS. 

1. Tap-step (3/4 time). 

Execution : Tap left foot forward — 1 ; step left forward — 
2; tap right foot forward — 3; step right forward — 4. 

2. Pollow-step (2/4 or 4/4 time). 

Execution: Step left (right) forward (backward or ob- 
liquely) — 1; close the instep of right (left) foot to left 
(right) heel— 2. 

3. Hop-step (alternate hop) (2/4 time). 

Execution: Step left forward (backward) — 1; hop on left 
foot, raising right foot backward (forward crosswise) 
— 2. Same right, 3 and 4. 

4. Change-step (2/4 time, count "1 and 2"). 

Execution : Step left forward — 1 ; close right instep to left 
heel (as in follow-step), "and"; step left forward — 2. 
Same begianing right, "3 and 4." 

5. Tap, heel and toe (2/4 time). 

Execution: Touch left heel forward — 1; touch toe of left 
foot to toes of right foot — 2; change-step left forward 
"3 and 4." The same right. 

6. Skipping (6/8 time). 

Execution: Hop on right foot in place and step left for- 
ward — 1 ; hop on left foot in j^lace and step right for- 
ward — 2 ; continued. 

7. Eocking-step (3/4 time — mazurka). 

Execution: Step left sideward (obliquely or forward) — 1; 
front-cross-step right, raising left foot backward — 2; 
step down on left foot — 3. Same to the right— 4, 5, 6. 

8. Gallop- (hop) (2/4 time). 

Note: The follow-step foi'ward is used to develop the gal- 
lop-hop forward, and the closing step sideward for the 
gallop-hop sideward. 

9. Skating-step (glide-hop) (2/4 time). 

Execution : Glide left fon^^ard (transferring weight to left 
foot) — 1; hop on place with right leg raised back- 
ward — 2; same right, 3 and 4. 
10. Mazurka-hop (3/4 time). 

Execution: Glide-step left forward — 1; close right foot to 
left (as in follow-step) ; at same time hop on right 
foot and raise left foot forward — 2 ; bend left knee — 3. 



144 



FOLK AND GYMKASTIC DANCES. 

Specially Graded and Arranged eor the 
Chicago Public Schoos, 

by 

Lillian H, Bruce 

and 

Blanche M. Trilling, 

of the 

Department of Physical Education, 

Chicago Teachers College. 



EOREWOED. 

In using the dances here given and suggested, it is requested that 
no teacher give her pupils a dance prescribed for a higher grade than 
her own. Dances of lower grades may be used freely for review if 
desired. 

Aside from these specially graded dances, a teacher may use what 
she wishes for her class. The lists are in no sense limitations, but 
suggested and guarded helps for those who have no facilities for 
choosing their folk dance material. 

Lillian" H. Bruce. 
Blanche M. Trilling. 

Chicago Teachers College, 
June, 1911. 



145 



LIST OF DANCES PEEPAEED WITH MUSIC AND 
DESCEIPTION. 

Grade. 

1. The Shoemaker (Danish). 
■ Bleking (Swedish). 

Hickory Dickory Dock. 

2. London Bridge. 
Strasak (Bohemian). 
Washing the Clothes. 

3. Mxie Polka (Swedish). 
The Washwoman. 
Circus. 

4. Morris Dances (English). 

a. Bean Setting. 

b. Handkerchief Dance. 
Minuet. 

5. The Mountain March (Norwegian). 
Bean Porridge Hot. 

6. La Pastourelle. 

Pop Goes the Weasel. 
How Do You Do ? 

7. Dancing on the Green. 

(Any schottische music.) 
College Hornpipe. 

8. Virginia Eeel. 
Cinderella. 



146 

DANCES SUGGESTED FOR GRADES. 

First Grade. 
Bleking. 
Shoemaker. 
Hickory-Dickory. 
Looby Loo. 

Danish Dance of Greeting. 
Hansel and Gretel. 
Greeting and Meeting. 
German Clap Dance. 
Indian Dance. 

Second Grade. 
Strasak. 

Washing the Clothes. 
I See You. 
London Bridge. 
The First of May. 
Baby Polka. 

Third Grade. 
Washwoman. 
Nigare Polskan. 
The Circus. 
Reap the Flax. 
The Duchess. 
Comn' Thru the Rye. 

Fourth Grade. 
Bean Setting. 

Morris Handkerchief Dance 
Ace of Diamonds. 
Dainty Step. 
Hop, Mother Annika. 
Minuet. 

Fifth Grade. 
Norwegian Mountain March. 
Bean Porridge Hot. 
Swedish Clap Dance. 
Finnish Reel. 
Gustafs Skol. 
Rovenacka. 



147 

Sixth Grade. 
La Pastourelle. 
German Hopping Dance. 
How Do You Do? 
Pop Goes the Weasel. 
The Crane. 
Gottland Quadrille. 
Laudnum Bunches. 

Seventh Grade. 
Dancing on the Green. 
College Hornpipe. 
Highland Fling. 
Highland Schottische. 
Irish Lilt. 
Sappo. 

Eighth Grade. 
Cinderella. 
Virginia Eeel. 
Tarentella. 
Cshbogar. 

Sjalaskuttan (Bounding Heart). 
Swedish Schottische. 
Ox Dance (Boys). 

REFERENCES TO SUGGESTED DANCES. 
"Popular Folk Games and Dances.'^ 

By Mari Hofer. 
Publisher : A. Flanagan & Co., Chicago. 

Blecking 1 

Greeting and Meeting 1 

German Klapp Dance 1 

I See You 2 

Nigare Polskan 3 

Norwegian Mountain March 5 

Highland Schottische 7 

"Children's' Old and New Singing Games." 

By Mari Hofer. 

Publisher: A. Flanagan & Co., Chicago. 

Looby Loo 1 

Hansel and Gretel 1 



148 

"The Folk Dance Book." 
By C. Waed Crampton". 
Publisher: G. Schirmer. Grade 

Danish Dance of Greeting ^ 1 

Shoemakers' Dance 1 

Childrens' Polka (Music only for Baby Polka) 2 

Nigare Polskan (Nixie Polka) 3 

Swedish Clap Dance 5 

Bleckins: 1 

Finnish Keel (Skvaller Ulla or Gossiping Ella) 5 

Norwegian Mountain March 5 

Highland Schottische 7 

German Hopping Dance 6 

Hop, Mother Annika 4 

Ace of Diamonds 4 

The Irish Lilt 7 

The Oxen Dance 8 

Highland Fling 7 

I See You .2 

German Clap Dance 1 

Washing the Clothes 2 

Eeap the Flax 3 

Laudnum Bunches 6 

Folk Dances and Singing Games. 
Elizabeti-i Burchenal. 

Publishers: A. S. Barnes Co., N. Y. Grade 

The Ace of Diamonds 4 

Dance of Greeting 1 

Highland Fling 7 

I See You 2 

Laudnum Bunches (Morris Dance) w 

Mountaiji March 5 

Ox Dansen 8 

Eeap the Flax .3 

Shoemaker's Dance 1 

Strasak 2 

Tarantella 3 

Washing the Clothes 2 

The First of May 2 



149 

Folk Dances and Games. 

Caroline Crawford. 

Publishers : A. S. Barnes & Co. 

Grade 

Skvaller Ulla — Gossiping Ella (Finnish Eeel) 5 

Sappo 7 

Blecking 1 

Swedish Clap Dance 5 

Hop, Mother Annika (Hopp Morr Annika) 4 

Gustave's Health 5 

Nixie Polka (Nigare Polkan) 3 

Highland Schottische 7 

Virginia Eeel (Sir Eoger DeCoverly) 8 

Eovenacka 5 

Swedish Folk Dances. 

Nils W. Berquist. 

Publishers : A. S. Barnes & Co. 

Grade 

Bleking ] 

Gustavus Toast (Gustaf's Skol) 5 

Swedish Clap Dance 5 

The Oxen Dance 8 

Swedish Schottische 8 

Gottland Quadrille 6 

Morris Dance Tunes — (Music). 

Eleven Morris Dances — (Description). 

By Josephine Brower. 

Publishers : H. W. Gray Co. 

Chicago Normal School Library. 

Grade 

Hickory Dickory Dock 1 

Indian Dance 1 

Baby Polka (Description only) 2 

London Bridge 2 

Circus 3 

The Duchess (Any Schottische music) 3 

Comin' Thru the Eye 3 



150 

Dainty Step 4 

Minuet 4 

Morris Handkerchief Dance 4 

Bean Porridge Hot 5 

How Do You Do? 6 

Pop Goes the Weasel 6 

La Pastourelle 6 

The Crane 6 

Dancing on the Green (Any Schottische music) . 7 

College Hornpipe 7 

Cinderella 8 

Cschbogar 8 



151 



ShoemaUer'^ Dance 

'^ Damah) 
Flrht. Grade 



''^ao \ d~D \ \^ \^} \ d m 



^ 



^^^g 



^ 



m^ 



m^ 



lJ lJ I f f l^^f Ir-f r.f ^^ 




Formation: 



SHOEMAKER— (Danish) , 
First Grade. 



Couples stand in circle, partners facing 
each other. 



1. Winding the Thread. 

Fists tightly clenched, hands moving inward, re- 
volve fists quickly around each other. 
Unwind by revolving in opposite direction. 

2. Waxing the Thread. 

Jerk elbows back quickly and vigorously twice over 
raised knee, (See plate 1.) 



15!8 




Plate 1 — Shoemaker. Waxing the Thread. 



II. 



3. Driving the Pegs. 

Fists tightly clenched. Strike left one with the 
right three times. 

Eepeat all. This should take the first eight meas- 
ures. 

Partners join both hands. Sliding steps in line of direc- 
tion for last eight measures. 



1,53 



Bleking Dance. 

(Swedish.) 
First Grade. 



W 



m 



^ 



f^n^ l -^LeJ 



w 



^ 



s 



I ii r r II r 



m 



^m 



^m 



w 



^m 



MMi 



^ 



w^ 



^ 



I 



^ 



# 



^^ 



^s 



s 



e 



jijj?^J^ 



ss 



■P^JTTJ 






^p 




Formation: 



BLEKING— (Swedish) , 

First Grade. 



Couples stand in circle facing each other with hands 
joined. 



By hopping on left, both place the right heel forward, 
right arm forward with elbow straight, left arm backward, 
elbow bent. (See plate 2.) 



154 




Pi.ATE 2 — "Bleking." Step I. 



II. 



Hop and reverse position — left heel forward, left arm 
forward, right arm backward. By hopping make three 
quick changes with the arms and feet. 

This should be repeated. Part one should take the 
first eight measures. 

Couples turn and face in line of direction — Inside 
1 lands joined — each beginning with outside foot, take step 
and bop for eight measures. (See plate 3.) 



155 




Plate 3 — "Bleking." Step II 



156 



Hickory Dickory Dock 

First Grade 



Mi jTi rnij fFwHj u jmj fFw 



^^ 



^ 



^ 



i 



rt 



f j j'^ ^ N^ 



sS 



f 



M 



^ 



^ 



j- ^' j '■ I j im 



^ 



Formation: 



I. 



HICKOEY-DICKORY-DOCK. 

First Grade. 

Couples stand in single circle facing each other. 
Dance should accompany words as directed below: 

"Hickorjf-Dickory-Dock — " 

With arms raised above head, sway from side to side. 

(See plate 4.) 




Plate 4 — "Hickoby-Dickoey-Dock." 



157 



IL 



"The mouse ran up the clock" 

Partners change places with quick little running steps. 

"The clock struck one/' 
Partners clap right hands. 

"The mouse ran down" 
Partners change places. 

"Hickory-Dickory-Dock." 

Partners with hands raised, sway from side to side. 

Partners join both hands — Take three slides in line 
of direction — Two stamps, three slides back and two 
stamps — Join right hands — Take three slow steps, change 
places and make a deep courtesy. 

Join left hands, take three steps back to original place 
and courtesy. 



London Bridg-e 

Second Grade 



jLh y , — i— . — i — 








1 ^ *^ 4 a ^ — * — J — f — 

g):ttit g- J J 




ii ^ — 
s — 


j j ^ 

M. 
%= 


-^ *"» ^ 1 


•» 


'i r 


W 






^^ 



3=3= 



^ 



^^n 

»* 






-'•"«i f I j Nj f 1] F l j^ l j 



Formation: 



LI. 



III. 



158 

LONDON BEIDGE. 

Second Grade. 
London Bridge is falling down. 
Falling down, falling down, 
London Bridge is falling down, 
My fair lady. 

Build it up with iron bars, 
Iron bars, iron bars, 
Build it up with iron bars. 
My fair lady. 

Ofjp to prison you must go. 
You must go, you must go, 
Off to prison you must go. 
My fair lady. 

DANCE. 

Form a single circle. Partners stand side by side. 
Couples numbered I and II around circle. 

(a) Couples I. all join inside hands forming a bridge. 
Couples II. separate and partners with skip-step go 
under bridge that is nearest to them. Return to place 
and all courtesy. 

(b) All join hands, take 8 slides to right, 8 slides to left 
and courtesy. 

(a) Couples II. join both hands and make a "Strong 
Bridge." Couples I. skip under bridge and on "My 
Fair Lady," courtesy to center. 

(b) Eepeat (b) of I. 

All face in line of direction. Beginning with inside 
foot, take three side steps toward center, making circle 
■smaller. Place hands on shoulders of person in front, 
take short running step, and on "My Pair Lady," make a 
three-step, turn outwards and courtesy to center. (See 
plate 5.) 



159 




Plate 5 — "Off to Prisojst You Must Go." 



Strasak:. 

(Bohemian ) 
Second Gimde. 



f#^=^^=+^- 


R~n. 


-!^-f-rie 


~t — g g J 


^—k — i — tit it 


-t — J-»-^ 

— ^ f 


Lffr 


_»_!L_I_| 

— t — f- 


' - cJ cJ — ' 


cJ cJ 


TJ U ' 


u cJ 



l^^^mr 



^ 



f=r^ 



^ 



f=» 



f=FT 



S 



i 



^f 



f 



P 



d ' U U ' d 



M F MiH J' hF M ■> I F'F f i ^ 



S 



w/- 



y 



r 



^ 



M 



M 



M 



rf 



P 



§ 



Formation: 



160 

STRA SAK— ( Bohemian) . 
Second Grade. 

Single circle. Partners facing each other. Number 
One of each couple places hands on partner's waist. Num- 
ber Two places hands on partner's shoulders. 

Partners in above position polka around circle. In 
this polka number Two moves constantly forward, nmnber 
One backward — 16 measures. (See plate 6.) 




II. 



Plate 6 — Step-hop in Line of Djkection. 

Hands on Hips — 

Stand still facing each other 1 measure. 

Stamp three times 1 measure. 

Stand still 1 measure 

Clap own hands three times 1 measure. 

Left hand on hip, shake right forefinger three 

times 1 measure. 

Eight hand on hip, shake left forefinger three 



161 

time? 1 measure. 

Strik(3 ]jai'tiiei''s liglit liand and whirl to left on 

left foot 1 measure. 

Ilancis on ]\\\)s, face partners, stamp three 

times 1 measui'e. 

(Se- plate 7.) 




Plate 7 — Siiakino the Fokk-fincei; at Partnkr. 



162 



Abashing tine Clotlies. 

(Swedish Smgtnff Game.) 
Allegretto Second Grade 



J J J J I. J I 



^ 



^ 



f 



ci: & fi ^ 



^ 



r 



f; 



s 



^; 



SB= 



tfffwWiirtfFrtfr' 



Formaiion: 



WASHING THE CLOTHES. 
Second Grade. 

Partners facins; each otlier in circle. 



II. 



Dancers bending forward go tlirongii scrubbing mo- 
tion Avith the words : 

"We will wash onr clothes, we'll wash tliem^ 
We will wash our clothes just so, 
We Will v.'ash our clotlies, we'll wash them, 
We will wash our clothes just so." 
Measures 1-8. 

Touch right toe across left, replace foot, heels to- 
gether. Same with left foot. Rejaeat above movements 
twice, then turn one whole turn to the right with three 
stampij and three claps. 

Measures 9-16. 

In the same way movements of rinsing, wringing, 
hanging and stretching the clothes may be performed, each 
time substituting the appropriate word in the song, — as, 
"We will rinse our clothes," etc. (See plates 8 and 9.) 



163 




Plate 8 — Rinsing. 



164 






Plate 8 — "Rinsing." 



165 



Conclusion. 
Dancers join hands in single circle and take sixteen 
running steps around to the left — (Measures 1-8) . Eepeat 
in the opposite direction and finish with three stamps — 
(Measures 9-16). 

(See plate 10.) 




Plate 10 — Running-step in Single Cikcle eok Conclusion. 



166 



Nigare F*olsk:a.n 





444JMFJI.F^nF^ 



Formation: 



II. 



KTGAEE POLSKAN— (Swedish). 
(Nixie Polka.) 
Third Grade. 

Players form in a single circle. Partners stand side 
by side. One child stands in center as leader. 

All take alternately the first step described in BleJcing 
— measures 1-4. 

First note of fifth measure^ leader claps hands and 
runs around circle, with nine little steps. Stops in front 
of some one and stamps twice. 

Step 1 is now repeated with leader and one chosen 
facing each other. This time when the leader claps, she 
•faces about, and the child chosen places hands on the 
leader's shoulders. Eunning steps are now repeated by 
the two, and a new partner is chosen. (See plate 11.) 

Pance is continued untilall the children in the circle; 
have been chosen. 



16^ 




Plate 11 — Choosing the New Partner. 



168 

Third Grnd,- 



i 



^ 



^m 



^ 



^^=^ 



&^m 



rr^r MJWgJ I rr U' l rfrf 




Formation: 



I. 



THE WASHWOMAN— ( Americax ) . 
Third Grade. 

Couples aroimd the room, partners facing each other. 

Song: "Scrub — , scrub — , scrub — , scrub — , scrub — , 

Wring — , wring — , Avring — , wring — , wring — , 

(Eepeat all). 
Dry the clothes, dr}- the clothes, 
Bring them in, bring them in. 

1st motion : Two long scrubs, three short, quick ones, 
in time to miTsic. 

3nd motion : Two long wrings, three short, quick ones. 

3rd motion : Partners join hands and swing them for- 
ward and back in time to music, to represent drj^ing the 
clothes. 

4th motion: At last line both partners turn under 
their arms, with two sets of three stamps each. 



II. 



169 



Partners face forward, joining inside hands, take 
three steps forward and face about, take three steps for- 
ward in opposite direction and face toward each other. 
Courtesy to each other in forward direction, in backward 
direction, pirouette outward, and give three stamps to 
finish. 

Figures I and II may be repeated ad libitum. 



Circus 

■Third Grade. 



t J J r J 



JTTJ J 



^j]J J 



^m ^ 



'^gr-* 



^m 



m 



I 



^^ 



i 



EE 



^ 



f 



F*=n 




1 J nj 1 


~i — 1 — 1 — r 


-"m 1 — h 


vTTT\rn^\ 


—at i^i 


P JjJJJJ^^j 

-Cf. — A J^ A 


— 1— y — 


— R-X-K- 








'-^ « 

9 


-4 1 1 


-* 

' — 1 — 1 — ^ 




-^ — h-i— 


mi — 1 1^ 

9 


l^_l 



Foniiation: 



THE CIRCUS. 
Third Grade. 

Double circle. Inside circle faces out. Outside circle 

faces in. 

Dance accompanies words as indicated below. 



■^Young maid, young maid. 
Young maid, young maid dear, 
Go get your hat and parasol, 
The circus, it is here." 



170 



II. 



III. 



Place left hand imder right elbow, which is bent 
shoulder height. Place right foot forward. Change alter- 
nately left and right seven times and hold. Eepeat. 

"Ten for the big ones, 
Five for the small" — - 

Join hands with partner opposite. Foin- slides in 
line of direction and four slides back to place. 

"Hurry up, hurry up, 
Or you cannot go at alF' — 

Link right arms with partner, turn rapidly in place 
with quick, short steps. (See plate 12.) 





Plate 12 — "IIukky Up.' 



IV. 



"Hop, hop, hop, the day it is so clear, 
For Anderson and Peterson and Lundstrom, my dear." 



171 



Inner circle faces in and joins hands. Outer circle 
places hands on shoulder of partner. In this formation, 
which represents a "Merry-go-round/' slide 16 counts to 
left. Repeat words and slide 16 counts returning to place. 



Play three times 



Bean Setting 

(English Morns Dance ) 
Fourlh Grade 



^^ 



^^S 



^^ 



^^ 



m^i¥jr-^ 



^^ 



^ 



\^y P'M f=^ 



iV i <r^n^ 




BEAN SETTING— (MoREis Dance). 
Eequired for Fourth Grade. 
Formation: 

Partners facing each other in double column, the column 

expanding into a ring where called for. 

Music: Sections A and B are repeated in their order two 

times, making each played three times. 

A. (1st time) Prom column formation where one, three and five 

are facing two, four and six, change into ring and 

dance half around the circle till one and six, three 



172 



and four^ and five and two have changed places. 
Measures 1-4. Partners tap sticks across at end of 
4th bar. (See plate 13.) Eepeat, getting back to 




Plate 13 — ^"Crossing Sticks. 



B. 



place, and tap sticks with partner on end of 8th 
measure. 

Dibbing or poking end of stick into ground, two 
times, measure 1. Tap sticks across and hold them 
crossed, measure 2. Eepeat as in measure 1, — meas- 
ure 3, (See plate 14.) 



173 




Plate 14 — "Dihiung, 



Bar Jf Partners tap across. ISTo. 1 tajas ISTo. 3. 

Bar 5. No. 3 taps No. 5. No. 5 taps No. 6 

Bar 6. Nine-Eiglith time. No. 6 taps No. 4. No. 
4 taps No. 2 Partners tap across 

In remaining six bars of B repeat tapping and dib- 
bing as above. 



A. (2nd time.) 



Cross over, partners tapping across in bars 4 and 8. 
Cross back again. All measures 1 and 8. 
B. (2nd time.) Same as B of first time. 

A. (3rd time.) Back to back, tapping as in A (2nd time). 

B. (3rd time.) Dibbing as in B of first and second time — two bars 

before the end leader calls, "ALL IN," whereupon 
all, just as they tap for the last time Jump outward, 
forming column, and stand for a moment with sticks 
crossed. (See plate 13.) 



174 



Morris Handkerchief Dance. 



(English ) 
Fourth Grade 



|ii fiJ-J^ 



^F^ 



^S 



iT]J7] 



^■S.^ 



Fr 



rn" 



rn" 



-'-lipgF F^^^lf^P glj tF-|gg ^# 



^W# 



P^^ 



^^f^ 



^^ 



W 



J=J= 



J=^ 



-n^'-rr f I mi 'r ^ 



^ 



^irt 



MOEEIS DAIiCE. 

Sie'p A. (1) Step forward on .right foot and hop. 

(2) Stej) forward on left foot and hop. 

Join the hop quickly to the "step" npon which the ac- 
cent falls. 

Eepeat alternately left and right. 

8iGf B. "Step and Throw." 

(1) Step forward on right foot (slightly to side). 

(2) Bring left forward well raised, knee slightly bent, 
and hop on right. (Bend body to left.) 

Eepeat alternately left and right. 

Step A. Enter and come down center in couples, 

taking hands 16 beats — 8 bars 

I. 1st or front couple to hold hands 
high and dance backwards, while 
the other three couples come for- 
ward and pass underneath. (See 
plate 15.) 8 beats — 4 bars 



175 




JJivide to right and left (the 
leaders following the last couple.) 

All meet at back in- turn and 
come down center in two lines as 

Ijef ore 8 beats — 4 bars 

The 1st couple now becomes the 
4th, and the 2nd couple the 1st. 

Kepeat (I) until original places 

are reached, each couple in turn 

having held up hands. 

Step B. II. Once to right and one to left 

(facing partners, standing well 

apart) 4 beats — 2 bars 

Step A. Four steps, changing places (passing 

partner's right shoulder 4 beats— 2 bars 

Eepeat back to places 8 beats— 4 bars 

This figure to be performed again. . . .16 beats — 8 bars 

III. Leading boy and fourth girl advance; 
wave handkerchiefs on 4th beat 
(See plate 16.) 4 beats— 3 bars 



176 




Plate 16 — V/aving Handkeeciiikfs. Step III. 

Retire to places (changing handker- 
chiefs with left hand while retiring) . 4 beats — 2 bars 
Leading girl and 4th boy do the same.. 8 beats — 4 bars 

All four advance to center 4 beats — 2 bars 

Give right hand across and dance round 4 beats — 2 bars 
Give left hands across and dance in op- 
posite direction 4 beats — 2 bars 

All T-etire to places 4 beats — 2 bars 

The inner four meanwhile have re- 
mained in places, dancing step B. After 
which they in turn perform Fig. Ill, 
while the outer four remain in j^laces, 
dancing step B. 



Step A. IV. Leading couple divides, leads round, 

meeting at back, taking hands 8 beats — 4 bars 

Come down to center to places, the 

others following 8 beats — 4 bars 

Fourth couple now divides at back, the 

others following 8 beats — 4 bars 



177 



Leads round, meeting at front, taking 

hands, falling back to original places 

(two lines facing) 8 beats — 4 bars 

Eepeat Fig. II. 

Eepeat Fig. IV. 

After which all face front. 

V. Advance four steps 4 beats — 2 bars 

Eetire four steps 4 beats — -2 bars 

Separate four steps 4 beats — 2 bars 

Close four steps 4 beats — 2 bars 

Keeping lines straight throughout. 

Lead off in coujoles to finish. 

Handkerchiefs alwa3fs to be waved with vigour, and 

heads to be well thrown over shoulder, looking at 

partner when turning away. 



Minuet 

Fourth Grade. 




lith \ Jim 


-\ — \ — 


f^=^ 


r^n 


rR=n^ 


-f M 










-e %- 






—6 


-^M> -f 


-'■^ 3-^ 


Lf-^ 


N^=H 


If ^ 1 


^f=^ 


V 



MINUET. 

Fourth Grade. 



Formation: 
I. 



Minuet March 

Beffin with outside feet. 



12 beats — 4 bars 



178 



Take one step away from each other (still 

facing front^ disengaging hands.) 

Point inside feet 3 beats — 1 bar 

Take one step towards each other and 

point outside feet 3 beats — 1 bar 

Girl glides right foot forward^ and faces 

left, Avhile boy glides left foot forward, 

and faces right. (Facing partner.).. . . 3 beats — 1 bar 

Bow and courtesy (See plate 17.) 3 beats — 1 bar 




Plate 17 — Minuet. CouRXJiSY. 



II. 



Taking right hands 6 beats — 3 bars 

(2) March three steps to opposite places, 

turnhig on the third step 3 beats — 1 bar 

Disengage hands. 

Both glide left feet to left, courtesy and 

bow 3 beats — 1 bar 

Eepeat (2) back to places 12 beats — 4 bars 



[11. 



IV. 
V. 



YI. 



179 



Girl and boy turn to right. Girl facing 

front, boy back to front. 
(3) Perform two waltz, steps, beginning 

with right foot (looking at each other 

over shoulder) 6 beats — 3 bars 

Two waltz steps once again, beginning 

with left foot, while turning to right, 

facing left to finish 6 beats — 2 bars 

Eepeat (3), turrning to left to finish. . . . 13 beats — 4 bars 

Eepeat Fig. II 34 beats — 8 bars 

Both face front. 

Take inside hands. 

(5) Step back to back with outside feet 

and point inside feet 6 beats — 3 bars 

Step back to back with inside feet and 

point outside feet (facing each other) G beats — 2 bars 
Eepeat (5). 



Take right hands. 

March round six steps 6 beats — 3 bars 

Glide, courtesy, and bow 6 1 )eats — 3 bars 

Facino" front to finish. 



180 



Nor^vegian MoiaotaLin March. 

Fijth G,o,lt 



^rHrr i rrrirr gf ^rr i rrr i rf 



^ 



S 



VB 



^li^ 



^^ 



1 



t=$^ 



m 



n 



^^ 



s 



fyn-frnT 



i 



^ 



fee^ 



^ 



^li 



^ 



^ 



3EiE 



^S^S 



n 



f=^ 



m 



m 



^ 



i^^ 



Formation: 



MOUNTAIN MARCH. 

Fifth Grade. 

Groups of three. Leader stands in front hokling a hand- 
kercliief in each hand. The two behind join inside 
hands and with outside hands grasp handkerchiefs held 
by leader. 



In the above position groups advance around hall. Take 
three running steps to each measure, empliasizing the 
first of each three steps. (See plate 18.) 



181 




Plate IS — CLiMuirsG Tiii!; Mouaxaia. 



182 



11. 



Still holding handkerchiefs, the leader with six steps 
dances under the ujDlifted hands of the two in the rear. 

The child on the left dances nnder leader's right arm. The 
child on the right then dances nnder the leader's right 
arm, and at the close the leader turns nnder his own 
right arm. This should bring all back to original posi- 
tion. (See plate 19.) 




Plate 19 — Mountain March. Step II. 



183 



Bean Porridge 

Fifth Grade 





nf%-? 


S=l 




M^ 


f ff 1 


^ 




--^rflT 1 






•• 


i 


<k^% .^ - 




' !^^^!^ — 


^vrT^-^ ' 






«r ^^ 






y:^ 




1 


g):l a , — " 


\ — 


r ^ 


— - — 1 


►— 


» 


»— 1 


i i 1 


■ — 


i 


B — 


\ 


'J ^%% r — 




?— i— 


-f — 


— 




— 1 


n- — ^ — ^— '^ 


— 1_ 


k 


B — 




TI -♦ |_^_J 








L -j 








r '^ 


r 




, 





rff^ 


HWi 


» 


-i»-i 


*^ 


'p ff — 


fN 


•^^ 


#. ^ £. 


^B_K 1 

T~" "1 


? 


-^ 


1 


* 3 ^ 






» » ET- 


1 -^ "n rj Li— 




1 ^- 




-^ 


h#=^ 




Nd 





^--^ 




Formation i 
I. 



BEAN POEEIDGE. 

Fifth Grade. 

ilfMS-ic; 2/4 Polka. 

CVmoles around the room facina; each other. 



Clap hands on thighs, clap together, clap with partners, 
repeat, clap hands on thigh, clap together, clap right 
hands with partner, clap together, clap left hands with 
partner, clap together, clap both hands with partners, 
4 measures. Eepeat, making eight measures. (See 
plate 20.) 



184 




II. 



III. 



Plate 20 — BeajN' Porridge Hot. 

Join r]orht hands with partner, take two polka steps turn- 
ing half a circle (polka steps here meaning 3 steps and 
a hop). Bend head and body to the right and clap 
hands three times, shake head vigorously and stamp 
three times. Eepeat, making 8 measures. 

Join both hands with partner, and "Glide Polka" for 
eight measures (3 slides and a polka step with a half 
turn) . — 24 measures in all. Repeat ad libitum. 



185 



La PastOLirelle. 

Si.vfA Grade. 




f=^^=r=f^f^rr\ 


1 r r ^r^n* i 


r^ffi 


iBf^m 


1 p l^jt^ ^ p ^^ 


^ 


=^=^-J — \ — J;r,J 


-^^ — ^— 


-{^J^^J^J— 




jtf # 




-^H ^ ttF F — P- 


-fiz- 


3 Z ' 


W~f StT- 


^ jP ^ — ^ — 


-^ ^> rj.-i ^ — 1 


-UoJ 1 1 


-^^-w-^ 


1 — f H— 





nf^tt rfff^ 


ff"-f^ 


rf^"^ffT~ 


rf^ ^^HS-n 


Ff^f^^TT- 


[^-Ef^ 




1^ ^ LJ — ' 

P since 

P ^ 

E Z 


kr-P ^ H 


^ — 




■* — ^t—^ — 




^^^ 


Fg-g^ 


Eg^^ 


^"t-J^ 


[* ^ fp 1 




186 



Formation: 



I. 



II. 



LA PASTOUEELLE. 

Sixth Grade. 

Two sets of three eaeh^ facing each other. 

Heel and toe polka with right foot, advancing towards 
tlie opposite line. Heel and toe polka left, receding 
from opposite line (meas. 1-4:). The girl on left with 
polka steps goes through arch made b}^ tlie other two 
raising their joined hands, the middle man going under 
his own arched arm after the left girl has passed 
through (meas. 5-8). Repeat, this time the right hand 
girl, followed by the middle man going nnder arch 
formed at left. (Eepeat measures 1-8.) 

BouJonne or WindiiiiU. — The middle men join right hands, 
others join right hands diagonally across, the right girl 
of one line with the right girl of the other, both left 
hand girls joining hands. Polka step to left a full 
circle (measures 9-12), then joining left hands polka 
step to right and back to place (measures 13-16). (See 
plate 21.) 



187 




Plate 21 — "Windmill." 



III. 



Each line of tliroe with hands joined take a giide-polka 
stej) to its own left, and back again to place (measures 
17-20). Again each line takes a glide-polka step to the 
left, and instead of coming back to place, returns be- 
hind the set it was facing (measures 21-24). This will 
bring each line face to face with a new line. 

Eepeat from the beginning ad libitum. 



188 



!Pop Goes The Weasel 

Sixth Grade. 



l\l%i^ J i)J >1 


. I* « J — v~ 


J Kj N 


1 J. 1 , 


11 k J N I 


gj) ^, J J' ^ ^ 


r r r 'J n 


-J — JJ-*« — «^ 


A — J — 2_ 


J #1) <^ — ^^ 



.->-« f f^ l^ l f^^ ^ 



tt 



^ 



isaa 



^ 



i5t:i 



l^f r P 




Formation: 



I. 



POP GOES THE WEASEL. 
Sixth Grade. 

Three couples in a set^ contra formation. 

1st couple goes skipping down the outside of the lines, 8 
counts, and back again, 8 counts. Joining hands they 
slide down the center, 8 counts and back again 8 counts. 
16 measures. (See plate 23.) 



189 




II. 



Plate 22 — First Couple Skipping Behind the Lines. 

1st couple swing lady of 2nd couple and pop her under 
their arms into her place — 8 measures. (See plate 23.) 




Plate 23 — ^Popping the Weasel. 



190 



III. 



Eepeat with gentleman of 2nd couple — 8 measures. 
Eepeat with lady of third couple — 8 measures. 
Eepeat with gentleman of 3rd couple — 8 measures. 
32 measures. 

The first couple is now at the bottom of the set. Join 
hands all around^ and skip one full circle to left — 8 
measures. 

1st couple slides up the center four . slides and back — 4 
measures. Partners join right hands and ski|) once 
around to place — 4 measures. 16 measures in all. 

The second couple, now at the head, repeat the figures, 
then the third couple, and so on, ad libitmn. 



Ho^A^ Do ^feii Do? 

Sixth Grade. 




^m 







Formation: 



I. 



191 

HOW DO YOU DO? 

Sixth Grade. 

Around the room in couples, two couples facing each other. 

Each couple take three ■ slides to the left, bringing heels 
togetlier on fourth count, then three slides back to place 
in same way (8 counts). Eight hands around in circle, 
skipping one full circle to left (8 counts). (See plate 
24.) 




Plate 24 — "Bight Hands 'eound." 



II. 



First 8 measures. 

Walk forward four steps, back four steps, forward four 
steps and shake hands with opposite with the words, 
"How-Do- You-Do" — ^in four even counts. — S measures. 
(See plate 25.) 



192 



III. 



IV. 



Still clasping hands of opposite, slide to center of room, 
eight counts, and back again eight counts. 
8 measures. 



Step and hop in place four times, eight counts. Walk 
forward four steps, and pass opposite couple, — the girl 
in each case going between partners of opposite couple, 
and courtesy to new opposites. — 8 measures. 
Repeat ad libitum. 
Note : The 24 measures of music may be played through once, 
with the first eight measures repeated, for a single performance of 
the dance. 



DANCING ON THE GREEN. 
Seventh Grade. 
Any Schottische Music. 
Formation: 

Groups of four all facing in line of direction. Couples 
join inside hands. Outside hands joined with other 
couple of set. Couple I corresponds to forward couple. 
Couple II to rear couple. 
Step: The step is the barn dance or schottische step. 
I. 

All forward to "Step Hop" when Couple I lets go inside 
hands and circles to rear. (Keep outside hands joined 
with Couple II.) 
Repeat above. Couple II circling back. (See plate 3fi.) 



193 




Plate 25 — "How Do You Do. 




Plate 2G — Da-nclng o.n the (Jkee.\. Stit' [. 



194 




Plate 27 — "Dancing on the Green." Pivot-step. 



II. 



III. 



Forward to "Step Hop/' with hands still joined, Couple I 
backs under arch of Couple II, who continues to pass 
forward and twist under arches to straighten out the 
group. 

Eepeat with Cou|)le I forming arch, and Couple II passing 
under. 

Forward up to "Step Hop" — when Couple I forms arch 
and Couple II passes under. (Couples release hands 
during this figure.) Again forward to "Step Hop," 
when partners of Couple II (which is now forward) 
release hands — and hold up inside hands shoulder 
height. 

Partners of Couple I release hands and step up to outside 
of Couple II — Takes hands and form pivot for those in 
front — Swings girl out and around and back to place. 
(See plate 37.) 



195 
College Hornpipe 

Seventh Grade 




hJgfTVrJffii 


,^M i> 'm^ ;"g- 


-^^^Hn 


^^ 


p^^-^m. 


F?="^ 








H' — 


r r r r 





,; mm. 


iT] rr 


trnSrri 


=-^^S= 


•-> 1 p * r 1* — 


f^=^ 












3 3] 



Formation: 



I. 



II. 



III. 



COLLEGE HOEKPIPE. 

Seventh Grade. 

Couples around in a circle. 



Couples joining inside hands, and waving handkerchiefs 
jauntily with free hands, take eight schottische steps 
forward. (8 measures.) 

Couples facing each other, each person leaps forward on 
the right foot, trunk bent well forward and down, hands 
as though pulling up the anchor chain, jump back on 
to the left foot, raising trunk and bending arms to 
thrust. Cross right foot behind left, making a cross 
polka to left. (3 measures.) Eepeat opposite side. 
(2 measures.) Eepeat all. 

Arms folded high on the chest, jete or jump on to the 
right foot, jump on the left, swaying the body well, and 
cross polka in rear to left. (2 measures.) Eepeat op- 
posite side. (2 measures.) Eepeat all. (8 measures.) 



196 



IV. 



Partners join right hands, waving handkerchiefs in left, 
take four schottische steps around each other. With 
left hands joined, handkerchiefs in right, four schot- 
tische steps in the opposite direction. (8 measures.) 
(See plate 28.) 




Plate 28 — The Schottische Step. 



Note : A simpler form of the schottische step is three running 
steps and a hop. As the class becomes more proficient, change the 
first step into a slide, and later get the full schottische step. 



197 



Cinderella 

Eighth Grade. 






-T-f-l- 


"SciX 














F#¥^ 


=^f^ 


+^^ 


."^"l > -11. uf^ 




^rfr- 


K 




:^=^ 

;► 
,• 






» 
» 




= — } — 




— * 1 — 




-^T^ 


:t= 


— 1 


tJ- 


^t^f 


» 


J — ^ 


^ — *-- — 




m 


•^ ' J 


— 1 



i^ttiiitu ;-fj n 


?r rirt-H 


— -lt p-rr' 1" 


rfpH 


1 


[SjTn^ 


^#=1=1 








rt 









*>i}j|ftj^ J **-^ J 


=^^^ 


litJ r J 1 


=j=^- 


^^Mt=— 


iM 



Formation . 



CINDEEELLA. 

Eighth Grade. 

Around the room in couples, two couples facing each other. 

Holding partner's hand, balance or step toward partner, 
then away from partner, 6 counts. Ladies (on right) 
change places with each other diagonally with balance 
step, while gentlemen (on left) continue balance step 
in place. Repeat the above, which will bring the ladies 
back to their own position — 8 measures. (See plate 29.) 



198 




Plate 29 — Ladies Change With Bai.ance-step. 



II. 



III. 



Pnrtnei-s join 1)oth hands and take three maznrka steps 
toward opposite couple, crossmg them on the right, and 
make three stamps. Take three mazurka steps back to 
place, crossing on same side as before, and finish with 
one stamp — 8 measures. 

With liands still joined with partner, take three balance 
steps, beginning in the direction of the opposite couple, 
and partners then turn under their own arms. Take 
nine walking steps forward, the girl on the right pass- 
ing l)etween the opposite couple, and finish with a 
stamp — 8 measures. 

Tlie wiiole dance is repeated with the new couple faced; 
and may be continued ad libitum. 



199 



Virginia Reel 

(Sir Roger Dc Coue rley) 
Eighth Grade 




^^m 



Ba^_i£jL^ 



mm 



"1^2 7^ 



m-rff-^ ^^^ ^^ ^. 



Ml 



M 




^yW-^^^^^ i^a^ 



s g5sb^ M#^^^^ i = gp^4^4 #i 




^ 



^S^=^ 



30; 



^ 



»_t 



ei~£^ 



^i^M^ 



r^T*^ 






^^■ 



:^q»:r: 



M#J 



200 



VIRGIRTA REEL. 

Eighth Grade. 
Formation: 

Sets of not more than four couples each, partners facing each 
other, contra formation (boys in one line, their partners in line op- 
posite). 

First Lady and I^ast Gentleman forward, bow, and back 

to place 4 measures 

First Gentleman and Last Lady repeat 4 measures 

First Lady turn with right hand 4 measures 

First Gentleman same 4 measures 

First Lady turn with left hand 4 measures 

First Gentleman same 4 measures 

First Lady turn with both hands 4 measures 

First Gentleman same 4 measures 

First Lady back to back 4 measures 

First Gentleman same 4 measures 

First Lady and Gentleman turn each other -^dth right hand and 
"reel" down the ^et, the lady turning the gentlemen, the gentleman 
turning the ladies. First couple slide up the center and march around 
outside their respective lines, ladies to right, gentlemen to left. (See 
plate 30.) 



301 




Platj^ :jU^"Rkkli.\g DoWiX the Set." 



First couple on rnoetiiig for'm arch witli both hands, under whieli 
Ihc lines pass, (;lappin;^ liands in rliythm of inusic. The first couple 
now l)ccoiiics tlie hist, and tlie (ifi^-iires are J'epeated from the Ix^.^'iiniing. 

If several set,i are working together they should b(!gin, continue 
iiiid finisli all figures at the sanu; time, 'fo this end the central set 
Tn.iy }i(-t as leaders to h(! cai'el'ully followed hy th(^ otliei' sets, or the 
teacliei' nuiy call the various flgunjs in order. 

The first section of niusi(; slioidd be used for the (irsi, figures, tlie 
second secfion lo he iisccl hcgintiiiig with the turning and reeling of 
tiie fii-st coupli; down the set. 



202 



PLAYS AFD GAMES. 

We usually consider two kinds of aetivit}^ — mental and physical. 
Change of activity is recreation, and to our children recreation should 
often come in the form of games — circle games, song games, running 
games — , involving much bodily movement and causing mirth and 
happiness and joyous laughter. 

It is as unnatural for the child not to play as it is for the duck 
not to swim ; yet it is true that comparatively few of our children 
really play, or know how to play; and as the playgrounds are not 
at present within easy reach of all, the school must take its place, and 
the instructor teach the children how to play. 

Plays and games are in themselves an education, since they tend 
to prepare our children for future citizenship, in that they here learn 
to adapt themselves to their playmates. Also, the character of the 
child is often portrayed in the kind of games he plays, and in his 
manner of playing these games, and many undesirable characteris- 
tics in child nature may be detected and cured by means of games. 

Following will be found the description of the various games 
(without music) enumerated in the Course of Study. 

Most of the games indicated in the course of study may be found 
in Song-Boundel and Games. The following games are under dif- 
ferent titles : 

In the course of study: In the manual, Song -Roundels 

and Games: 
Poison, or Pin-guard. Wrestling in a Circle. 

Lil, Lil, Come Over the Hill. Bogey-man. 

Pox and Chickens. Hawk and Hen. 



The f olloMnng games, not indicated in Song-Eoundels and Game§, 
have been arranged by Misses Ellingwood and Northcott, former 
directors of Physical Education in Chicago Teachers' College : 

Drop the Handkerchief. 

Stone. 

Tap the Stick. 

Curtain Ball. 

Action Stories. 



203 



Action Stoey. Gkades 1 — 3. 

Hunting Stoey. 

Walk carrying right arm across chest, elbow high and bent. 
left arm straight and held in forced position backward. Walk 
once or twice around the room. On signal kneel on one knee and 
shoot (archer)' movement) twice forward, once upward in the air. 
Upon standing quickly form twos. One limps as he walks, he is in- 
jured, tlie other walks as usual, supporting him. 

They walk on some rli stance, slowly, until they come to a brook. 
Then they kneel, one helping the other, they drink, and lie down 
resting. 

Upon signal i:hey get up, the injured one can go now without 
support, so they continue in single file, walk to count, then run to 
count faster and faster as they get nearer home. 



Action Stoey. Geades 1 — 3. 

Indian Activities. 

Walk as big warriors going out on a hunt, arms folded on chest, 
and walk as erect as possible. After leaving familiar grounds walk 
with knees bent and as quietly as possible — not a sound. They come 
to a place where the canoes are, push them off, get into them and. 
taking a kneeliug position, paddle for the hunting grounds. 

After they have landed the hunt begins, much excitement and 
running around freely, though quietly of course, in order not to 
frighten away the game. After doing the archery movement, carefully 
aiming, pick up tlie game that has been killed and carry it away in 
packs on the hsick, and carry it back to the canoe; paddle back to 
shore ; hide the canoes ; take up the load again and walk to camp. 

Two children stand facing each other, all four hands together, 
and reaching up as high as possible, forming a wigwam, tlie others 
bring their loads to tlie wigwams and put them inside. 



An Action Stoey — Simplee Foem. Geades 1 — 3. 

Educational value — stimulation of imagination, love of poetry, 
happiness. 

Once upon a time in a place very, very far from here, tliere lived 
a beautiful princess with long golden curls and laughing blue eyes. 
This princess was not only beautiful to look upon, but she was kind, 
loving and true. There was one thing the princess always wore, night 



304 

and day, and that was a plain gold ring. When she was a very, very 
little girl it had been foretold that at the age of eighteen she would 
become so changed that whoever looked upon her would be turned to 
stone. A good fairy took pity upon her, however, and gave her a ring 
which would protect her while she wore it, and which if lost and 
restored to her, would break the awful spell. 

The little princess did not know of this doom and so she played 
very much as the happy children here do. She played ball, jumped 
rope and ran races. (Have the children do the first two in rh3^thm 
and run on place.) 

ISTow the time approached for the fulfillment of the prophec}^, 
and it chanced that on her eighteenth birthday the princess was walk- 
ing in the garden. (Have the class walk around two by two.) Seeing 
a lovely flower growing in a pond of water, she reached to pick it, 
and her ring fell from her finger into the water. (Allow the class 
to go through the motions of picking flowers.) iSTo sooner had the 
ring left her finger than the prophecy was fulfilled and henceforth 
whoever looked upon her, until the ring was recovered, would be 
turned to stone. 

Slie was shut in a tower that could only be reached high up in 
the wall, and there the princess must remain until the ring was 
recovered. (The children here go through the motions of climbing a 
ladder.) The king caused a great bell to be rung (motion of pulling 
a rope) and a crier went through the country offering half the king- 
dom to whoever would get the ring. A young prince passing through 
the land, decided to get the ring, and so mounting his horse he gal- 
loped with six servants to the palace gardens. (Class gallojDs in 
rhythm.) There they entered a row boat and started to row around 
to find where tlie ring had landed, for the current had carried it 
farther out. (Motions of rowing.) At last they reached the spot and 
the prince swam down, down, down until he got the ring. Then he 
swam, up, up, up, swam to the boat, climbed in and was taken back 
to shore. (Have class go through the motion of swimming and use 
deep bend, one hand partially extended forward to illustrate ' the down 
and up.) 

Overjoyed at his success, the prince hastened to the tower, climbed 
the ladder (motion of climbing) and liberated the princess. That 
night a great ball was given at the palace, for the spell was broken, 
and they all lived happily together from that time on. (Have the 
children play one of the simple folk games with music.) 

Alice Manohee (a Normal College student). 



205 



Action" Stoey. Geades 1 — 3. 

A sketch of a story representing a day's onting. Details to be 
filled out according to the desires of the teacher. 

1. Picking up lunch basket. 

2. Marching to car. 

3. Stepping on car. 

4. Stepping off car. 

5. Marching from car to river. 
G. Let down lunch basket. 

7. Pushing off boat. 

8. Put lunch basket in boat. 

9. Climb in boat. 

10. Eowing boat. 

11. Stepping out of boat. 

12. Taking out lunch basket. 

13. Pull boat in. 

14. Pick up basket. 

15. March to grounds. 

16. a. Servijig; b. see-saw; c. branches to swing on. 

A. The class is divided into 3 files, facing front. The center file 
takes a short step backward. The other two take hold of hands allow- 
ing the arms to swing freely. The one in the center pushes the arms 
back and forth to count ; on the ninth count the arms are pushed up 
high, the one in tie center runs under them and forward to the next 
swing, the leader going back to the last swing in the line. The 
teacher changes the players so the same ones are not always swinging. 

C. Class in same formation as for swinging. The center file, 
"Arms sideward, raise !" "Palms upward, turn !" The outside files 
"Toward the center, face !" The ovitside files take hold of the hands 
of those standing Jn the center. The alternate files alternate in deep 
knee bend exercise. The inside files allow the hands to follow those 
exercising in representation of a see-saw. 

D. Branches to swing on the same, practically as the see-saw, 
without the alternate movement of the files, and the class may be ar- 
ranged in any formation of two's. 

17. Take up basket. 

18. March to boat. 

19. Set basket in boat. 

20. Push boat off. 



206 



21. 


Get in boat. - 


22. 


Eow. 


23. 


Step out of boat. 


24. 


Take out basket. 


25. 


Pull in boat. 


26. 


March to cars and home. 



Drop the Handkerchief. Grades 1 — 4. 

Educational value — Bodily activity. 

One player, 4. is chosen to be "it." The other players stand in 
a ring. A runs outside the ring, drops the handkerchief behind some 
player, B, and runs on. lAHien B discovers the handkerchief he picks 
it up, runs after A, and tries to tag him. If A reaches B's place in 
the circle without being tagged, B becomes "it." But, if B tags A, 
B returns to his place and A is "it" again. If B does not discover the 
handkerchief until A has passed completely round the ring, picked up 
the handkerchief, and tagged B, B is out of the game, and must stand 
in the center of the ring. A in this case remains "it." If the number 
of players is small, B may pay a forfeit instead of going out of the 
game. 

Yariation of Drop the HancTkercliief. 

Each one muj-jt drop the handkerchief before he can catch the one 
in front of him. So there is a possibility of two or three players 
running at the same time. 



Stone. Grades 1 — 3. 

Educational value — control of bodily activity. 
Two goals are marked off, one at each end of the room, and a 
large circle is drawn half way between them. One of the players rep- 
resents the stone, and sits on the floor in the center of the circle. The 
other players dancf^ round on the chalk ring until the stone jumps up. 
The players then run toward either goal, while the stone tries to tag 
as many as possible before they reach the goals. All who have been 
tagged become stones, and go back and sit with the first stone near the 
center of the circle. The players again dance round until the first 
stone gives a signal, then all the stones jump up. The other players 
run for the goals, and the stones chase them and tag as many as they 
can. The game continues with an increasing number of stones each 
time the ring is formed, until at length no one is left in the ring. 



207 

If it is wished to ]nake the game more difficult, the stones, instead of 
sitting down, may lie at full length. 



Tap ti-ie Stick. Grades 2 — 5. 

Educational value — Increase of mental alertness. 
All pla_yers are lined up one goal. The one chosen "it" stands in 
front of the line with his back to it, holding a stick, with which he 
taps on the floor. He must not look at the players while he is tapping 
the stick. They must then take that opportunity of running forward. 
The one who is ^'ifc" stops tapping the stick at irregidar intervals and 
tries to turn quic'v enough to see some one moving. If he succeeds 
in seeing a move im the part of any one, he sends them back to the 
starting point. The object of the game is to see who can first reach 
the home goal in front of which the one who is "it" stands. The one 
who wins the game takes the stick and becomes "it" for the next game. 

Variaiions of Tap the SticJc. 
To make the game more difficult, the players may hold up either 
foot, not permitting it to touch the floor at all. 



Curtain Ball. Grade 8. 

Educational value, keenness of perception and activity. 

The players are divided into two teams, A and B. Each team 
stands on half of the floor space and is divided from the other team 
by a large curtain, which prevents the players from seeing any one on 
the opposing side. The ball is thrown over the curtain from one side 
to another. The players are allowed to move in any way they please 
or to run with the ball. 

The object of the game is to see how adroitly the ball can be 
thrown so that the opponents muff the ball. 

Each time the ball touches the floor on B's side, A scores one 
point. 

The game is divided into two halves of five minutes each. At the 
end of the first five minutes the teams reverse their positions on the 
floor and the game continues for the second half. 

The team who scores the greater number of points wins the game. 



Swimming Exercises 



Swimming is a joart of physical training and mnst be classified 
under popular gynnastics. As long as exercises were practiced only 
in the class rooms, no attention could he given to that department, 
but since the Board of Education has provided rooms for gymnastic 
purposes in the new school buildings and assembly halls, and well 
ventilated basement rooms are also used to carry out the work, a little 
more attention can be given to this important branch of physical 
training. 

Swimming certainly can not be taught in the class room, but 
the arm exercises, and in the gymnasium the leg exercises, called 
swimming movements, may be practiced. Some of the exercises indi- 
cated in our former manuals are such movements, but a set of definite 
swimming exercises has hitherto not been ]3repared. The exercises are 
very simple and generally consist of a few arm and leg movements. In 
order to be beneficial^ the exercises should be practiced so frequently 
that even the combined movements of arm and leg become automatic. 

EXPLAJSrATIONS. 

Breast StroJce. 
Starting Position. 
The arms are raised fonvard obliquely upward, elbows and wrists 
straight, Imuckles upward, fingertips touching. 

AEM EXERCISES. 

The arm exercises consist of three different movements. Prom 
starting position aims forward obliquely upward; 

1. Moving of arms sideward, palms backward. 

2. Moving of forearms toward chest, upper arms placed ver- 
tically at sides of body, wrists straight, fingertips touching and point- 
ing obliquely upward. 

3. Straightening of arms upward to starting position. In the 
horizontal position, when the body lies in water or hangs suspended 
in a belt, or is lying on a so-called SAvimming buck, the arms are 
straightened forward in the direction of the face, the head bent 



209 

slightly backward. Ehythmically the arm exercises are executed in 
three counts. Prom the position arms forward obliquely upward, at 
1, move the arms sideward; at 2, draw forearms towards chest; at 
3, straighten arms to starting position. The first two movements 
must be practiced slowly while the third movement is executed quickly 
and forcibly. 

LEG EXERCISES. 

The leg exercises consist of three different movements. 

1. Eaising of knees somewhat outward, toes pointing downward, 
heels drawn backward. 

2. Straightening of legs sideward, keeping feet flat. 

3. Closing of legs. 

Ehythmically the exercises are executed in two counts. As 
moving of arms sideward is not combined with a leg exercise, raising 
of knees must be practiced at count 2. At 3, straighten knees forcibly 
sideward and close legs. Tlie two movements must be executed in 
one count. Eaising and straightening of both knees can be done only 
in horizontal position, as explained above, or in hanging on gymnasium 
ladders, rings, horizontal-bar, etc. In standing we practice only with 
one leg at a time. 

SIDE STROKES. 

starting Position (leading left). 
Eaise forearms in front of chest at left shoulder, elbows pointing 
downward, fingert'ps touching and pointing obliquely upward. In 
executing the sidestroke left, the hands must be near and about 
height of left shoulder and vice versa. The exercise consists of two 
movements. 

1. Straightening of left arm sideward obliquely upward (palm 
down) and at the same time moving of right arm do\vnward (palm 
down) to the position sideward obliquely downward. 

2. On returning to starting position, the left arm is bent, while 
right arm executes a small circle (hand about height of shoulder). 

In leading right, the hands must be in starting position near 
right shoulder. 

BREATHING EXERCISES. 

As breathing correctly forms a very important part of swimming 



210 

some of the arm movements may be combined with breathing exer- 
cises. Example : 

Breast- Stroke : Inhale and bend head slightl}^ backward while 
moving the arms sideward, continue inhaling while moving the fore- 
arms toward chest, exhale while straightening arms to starting jDosi- 
tion. 

Side-Stroke: Inhale while moving the arms to starting position 
and exhale while moving arms to diagonal position. 

AEM EXEECISES. 

Breast StroJce. 
Starting Position. 
Arms forward obliquely upward. 
1. a. Move arms sideward at 1. 

b. Move forearms toward chest at 2. 

c. Straighten arms forward obliquely upward at 3. 

Note: — The exercise must be executed in three counts. At the first 
count twist hands, palms out, and move arms sideward to a 
level with shoulders. Practice movements "a' and "b" slowly, 
while " c " must be executed quickly and forcibly. 

LEG EXERCISES. 

Hands on Hips. 

1. a. Eaise left knee at 2. 

b. Straighten knee sideward and close legs at 3. 

2. Like exercise one, but right. 

3. Practice exercise one and two alternately in 1-4 counts. 
Note: — See remarks on Leg Exercises. 

ARM EXERCISES. 

■ Side Strokes. 
Starting Position. 
Forearms in front of chest near left (right) shoulder. 

1. a. Straighten left arm sideward obliquely upward and move 

right arm sideward obliquely downward at 1. 
b. Eeturn to starting position at 2. 

2. Like exercise 1, but vice versa. 

3. Exercises 1 and 2 alternately. 
Note: — See remarks on Side-Strokes. 



211 

Side Strohes Over Head. 
Practice the above exercises, but in leading left, move the right 
arm downward an^l raise over head (out of water) to starting position 
(executing a large circle). 

ARM AND LEG MOVEMENTS COMBINED. 

A — Breast Strohe. 

Starting Position. 

Arms forward obliquely upward in position. 

1. a. Move arms sideward at 1. 

b. Move forearms toward chest and raise left knee at 2. 

c. Straighten arms forward obliquely upward, straighten 

left knee sideward and close legs at 3. 

2. Like exercise 1, but right knee. 

3. Practice exercises 1 and 2 alternately. 

Note: — The first movement of the arms is not combined with a 
leg movement, raising of knee begins at tlie second count. 
B — Side Strokes. 
Starting Position. 
Forearms in front of chest near left shoulder, right loiee raised. 

1. a. Straighten left arm sideward obliquely upward, move 

right arm sideward obliquely downward, straighten right 
leg sideward and close legs at 1. 
b. Eeturn arms and knee to starting position at 2. 

2. Like exercise 1, but vice versa. 

Note: — See remarks on Side-Strokes and on Leg Exercises. 
The first count of the above exercise is long, the second short. 
ARM AND TRUNK EXERCISES. 

A — Side Strokes. 
Arms in Position. 

1. a. Straighten left arm sideward obliquely upward, move 

right arm sideward obliquely downward and bend trunk 
sideward left at 1. 
b. Eeturn arms and trunk to starting position at 2. 

2. Like exercise 1, but vice versa. 

3. Practice exercises 1 and 2 alternately. 

Note: — The first count of the above exercises is long, the second 

short. 
The above exercises may also be combined with leg movements. 
While straightening left arm, moving right arm and bending of 

trunk, straighten right knee. 



212 



ARM AND 1IIUN"K EXERCISES. 

B — Breast StroTce. 

a. Eaise arms forward obliquely upward in position at 1. 

b. Bend trunk forward deeply at 3. 

e. Eaise trunk to starting position at 3. 
d. Lower arms at 4. 
Note: — The above exercise may be called "Diving Movement." 



EXPLANATIONS TO SETS OF EXEECISES AND 
SELECTIONS OP MUSIC. 



Exercises may be arranged in sets, and practiced by command or 
signal. In practicing by command the instructor gives a short ex- 
planation of the new movement, while the pupils are exercising, then, 
without a pause, the new exercise is started at the command — "Begin !" 
In practicing by signal the pupils memorize all the exercises, the in- 
structor giving the number of counts of each exercise (1-8 or 1-16 
counts) and may assist with a slight motion of the hand. The com- 
mand for arm and foot movements may frequently be changed to 
slower or faster time, instead of the ordinary, rhj^thmical method. Sets 
of exercises, marches and rhythmical steps may frequently be prac- 
ticed to music. Below are indicated a few selections of music, espe- 
cially adapted for such work. 

MARCHES. 

lola Johnson 

Moonlight Morei 

Cherry Lampe 

Under the Double Eagle Wagner 

Soldiers' Chorus Gounod 

Stars and Stripes Sousa 

Merry War Strauss 

Triumph March Aida-Verdi 

Gavotte (Amaryllis) Louis XIII 

Silver Heels Moret 

German Parade March 

El Capitan March Sousa 

Officer of the Day Hall 



213 

American Eagle Boehme 

High School Cadets Sousa 

WALTZES. 

Amoureusse Rodolphe Berger 

Dawn of Love. AhUe A. Ford 

Wlien Knighthood Was in Flower , Louise Gustin 

Secret Service Anita Owen 

Wedding of the Winds John D. Hall 

Love's Dreamland 

Skaters' Waltz Waldteufel 

Adlyn Hall 

Gloriana Brewer 

Tales from Vienna Woods Strauss 

Artists' Life Strauss 

Fledermaus Strauss 

Gypsy Baron Strauss 

Northern Lights C. B. Bingham 

King Dodo Waltzes Gustave Luders 

MAZURKAS. 

One Heart, One Soul Strauss 

La Czarina Ganne 

Silver Stars Bohm 

Silver N'ymphs Heins 

Rose Fay Heins 

POLKAS. 

The Anvil Polka Parlow 

La Sorella Borel Clergs 

Larkspur Faust 

Pappacoda Strauss 



To teachers who are especially interested in Physical Training 
and who wish to gain a more thorough knowledge of the subject, the 
following books are recommended: 

Physical Education MacLaren 

G-erman- American Gymnastics Stecher 

Strong Bodies for Our Boys and Girls BlaTcie 



214 

Indian Club Exercises and Exhibition Drills H. B. Camann 

School Tactics Steelier 

Gymnastics and Tactics E. F. Arnold, M. D. 

Games for Schools and Gymnasiums W. C. Schaefer 

Gymnastic Games Classified E. F. Arnold, M. D. 

Code-Book of Gymnastic Exercises Ludwig Furitz 

Gymnastics A. F. JenTcins 

Progressive Gymnastic Days' Orders. . . .Olaes EnehusJce, A.M., P.D. 
The Swedish System Baron Nils Posse 



INDEX. 

Page. 

Brief Historical Slietch 5 

Explanation 9 

Rules 10 

Commands ■ • • H 

Methods 12 

Exercises 13 

Positions 14 

Principal Positions and Exercises 14 

Exercises by Command 15 

Breathing Exercises • 15 

Compound Exercises and Desk Exercises 16 

Facing Exercises and Marching Exercises 16 

Tactics, Introduction to 21 

Tactics 21 

Calisthenics, Introduction to 32 

Calisthenics, 4th grade 32 

5th " 41 

6th " 53 

7th " 62 

8th " 71 

Hand Apparatus, Introduction to 81 

Wand Exercises, 5th grade 85 

6th " 93 

7th " 100 

8th " 110 

Dumb-bell Exercises, 7th and 8th grades 120 

Indian Club Exercises with One Club, 7th grade 127 

Indian Club Exercises with Two Clubs, 8th grade 135 

Rhythmical Steps, Introduction to 142 

Polk and Gymnastic Dances 144 

List of Dances Prepared with Music and Description 145 

Dances Suggested for Grades 146 

References to Suggested Dances 147 

Folic Dances. 

Shoemakers Dance, 1st grade 151 

Bleking, 1st grade 153 

Hickory Dickory Dock, 1st grade 156 

London Bridge, 2nd grade 157 



Strasak, 2nd grade 159 

Washing the Clothes, 2nd grade 162 

Nigare Polskan, 3rd grade ' 166 

Washwoman, 3rd grade 168 

Circus, 3rd grade 169 

Bean Setting, 4th grade 171 

Morris Handkerchief Dance, 4th grade 174 

Minuet, 4th grade . 177 

Norwegian Mountain March, 5th grade 180 

Bean Porridge, 5th grade 183 

La Pastourelle, 6th grade 185 

Pop Goes tlie Weasel, 6th grade 188 

How Do You Do, 6th grade 190 

Dancing on the Green, 7th gratle 192 

College Hornpipe, 7th grade 195 

Cinderella, 8th grade 197 

Virginia Reel, 8th grade 199 

Plays and Games, Introduction to 202 

Games 203 

Swimming Exercises 208 

Directions for Sets of Exercises and Selections of Music. . 212 






LBAp'l2 



■J 



